Objective To investigate osteoporosis prevalence in the elderly with type 2 diabetics. Method Osteoporosis prevalence in 338 elderly patients with type 2 diabetics (60-69 and 70-79 years old, respectively) was compared with 199 non-elderly (50-59 years old) patients and 531 elderly subjects from local reference data. Bone mineral density was measured at lumbar spine and proximal femur in DPX-L. Results (1) In female patients, osteoporosis prevalence at both sites in the elderly group was higher than that in non-elderly group (all P

Objective To investigate whether leukotriene D4 (LTD4) regulates eotaxin-3 (Eot-3) expression in bronchial epithelial cells, and study effect of pranlukst on the regulation.Methods BEAS-2B cells and normal human bronchial epithelia cells were pre- treated with LTD4 for 1 hour,stimulated with interleukin-4, the cells were incubated for 24 hours. Eot-3 protein in supernatant were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The cells were pretreated with pranlukast in different concentration, then the above procedure was repeated. Results The untreated bronchial epithelial cell expressed Eot-3 protein on a very low level. After stimulating with IL-4 and incubating for 24 hours, Eot-3 production increased significantly. Pretreating the cells with LTD4 enhanced the inducing effect of IL-4. Pranlukast inverted the upregulation of LTD4. Conclusions Upregulating the expression of Eot-3 induced by IL-4 on bronchial epithelial cells may explain partially the mechanism of leukotrienes involving airway allergic inflammation of asthma. The invertion impact on upregulation of LTD4 by pranlukast may be one of mechanisms that leukotrienes receptor antagonist cure asthma.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.26.023

Objective To determine the effect of iron deficiency on hemoglobin A2(HbA2) expression in patients with β-thalassemia.Methods The participants were recruited from the out-patient clinics of the Pediatrics Department and Obstetrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College and from some β-thalassemia major families.Blood samples from the participants were used for blood smear tests and hemoglobin electrophoresis and to analyze serum ferritin (SF),3 alpha-globin gene deletions,and 17 beta-globin point mutations.Results Of the 408 individuals,304 were assigned to group A (normal controls),26 to group B (iron deficiency),56 to group C (β-thalassemia),and 22 to group D (β-thalassemia combined with iron deficiency). The results for the comparison of the mean HbA2 values among pairs of groups were as follows: group A vs group B,q=5.074 7,P<0.05; group A vs group C,q=37.650 8,P<0.05; group A vs group D,q=16.043 0,P<0.05;group C vs group D,q=7.682 9,P<0.05; Group B vs group D,q=15.806 6,P<0.05. There were no significant correlation between SF and HbA2 in all 4 groups.Conclusions Iron deficiency decreased the HbA2 level in both controls and individuals with β-thalassemia. HbA2 levels decreased significantly in individuals with both β-thalassemia and iron deficiency as compared with β-thalassemia group alone. However,they remained significantly higher than both the control and iron-deficient groups. Therefore,the elevation of HbA2 could be used to diagnose β-thalassemia reliably even in the presence of iron deficiency.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of candidate genes and radiation-induced esophagitis (RIE) in patients with lung cancer. Methods Between Jan. 2004 and Aug. 2006,170 patients with pathologically diagnosed lung cancer were enrolled in this study. The total target dose was 45-70 Gy( median 60 Gy). One hundred and thirty-two patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) and 38 with two-dimensional radiotherapy(2DRT).Forty-one patients received radiotherapy alone, 78 received sequential chemoradiotherapy and 51 received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Thirty-seven SNPs in 20 DNA repair genes were analyzed by using PCR-based restrieted fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). These genes were apoptosis and inflammatory cytoking genes including ATM, ERCC1, XRCC3, XRCC1, XPD, XPC, XPG, NBS1, STK15, ZNF350, ADPRT,TP53, FAS, FASL, CYP2D6 * 4, CASPASE8, COX2,TGF-β, CD14 and ACE. The endpoint was grade ≥2 R I E. Results Forty of the 170 patients developed grade ≥2 R I E, including 36 in grade 2 and 4 in grade 3. Univariate analysis revealed that radiation technique and concurrent chemoradiotherapy were statistically significant relatives to the incidence of R I E (P = 0. 032,0.049) , and both of them had the trend associating with the esophagitis( P = 0.072,0. 094 ). An increased incidence of esophagitis was observed associating with the TGF-β1-509T and XPD 751 Lys/Lys genotypes ( χ2 = 5.65, P = 0.017 ;χ2 = 3.84, P = 0. 048 )in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms in TGF-β1 gene and XPD gene have a significant association with radiation-induced esophagitis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the pharmacologic mechanism of cinnabar (CA) and realgar (RG) in Angong Niuhuang powder (ANP) by way of studying the characteristics of their effects on organism under physiologic and pathologic states.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into six groups, 8-10 rats in each group. Group A: untreated normal rats; Group B: normal rats administered by ANP (drug I) 278 mg/kg; Group C: normal rats administered by ANP subtracted CA and RG (drug II) 222.7 mg/kg; Group D: brain edema model rats established by unilateral common carotid artery injection of Bacillus pertussis 250 million/kg; Group E: model rats administered by ANP 278 mg/kg 1 hr before modeling; Group F: model rats administered by drug II 222.7 mg 1 hr before modeling. Blood sample and brain tissue in Group D were obtained 4 hrs after modeling and those in other groups obtained 5 hrs after drug administration. The total activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum and brain tissue was determined by colorimetry and that of serum LDH isoenzymes (LDH(1-5)) were determined by gel electrophoresis.

RESULTSAs compared with Group A, LDH, LDH1 and LDH2 activities increased in Group D (P < 0.01), and increased also in Group B and C (P < 0.05), while LDH4 and LDH5 decreased obviously in Group B and C. But except that of LDH5, no significant difference of LDH(1-4) in brain tissue and serum was shown in comparison of Group B and C. As compared with Group D, LDH was lower (P < 0.01) and LDH5 was higher (P < 0.01) in Group E and F without significant difference, LDH2, LDH3 were lower in Group E (P < 0.01) but unchanged in Group F, LDH1 and LDH4 were not changed in Group E but significantly lowered in Group F (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAdministration of ANP in normal physiologic condition would cause damage on myocardium and kidney to certain extent, administration of ANP and drug II in pathologic (infectious brain edema) would suppress the hyper-activated LDH, with no significant difference between the effects of drug II and ANP. However, CA and RA in ANP are proven to have influence on the serum LDH isoenzymes, indicating that the two ingredients may have some potential pharmacological effects.

Animals ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Brain Edema ; enzymology ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Encephalitis ; complications ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Mercury Compounds ; pharmacology ; Powders ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfides ; pharmacology

AIM: To investigate the biological activity of thrombopoietin Ⅱ(TPOⅡ) in vivo , which consists of two new kinds of ligand binding with thrombopoietin receptor. METHODS: Purified ligandⅠof TPOⅡ, artificial compound ligandⅡ of TPOⅡand rhTPO were injected into purebred Babl/c mice respectively in 7 days by intraperitoneal injection once for a day. Then the biological activity of TPOⅡ was analyzed by measuring peripheral platelet counts by the end of the seventh day. RESULTS: On the seventh day, the platelet counts of mice treated by ligandⅠof TPOⅡ were higher than that in the negative control group( P 0.05). On the fourteenth day, the platelet counts increased in two all experimental groups of TPOⅡcompared with negative control group( P 0.05). Moreover the platelet counts of mice in two experimental groups of TPOⅡ and the positive group showed increase with experimental days. CONCLUSION: The purified ligandⅠof TPOⅡ had obvious activity in increasing platelet production, which is not different from the effect of rhTPO.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) of lung qi deficiency and cold syndrome between Jin's three-needle therapy and western medication.

METHODSSixty-six patients were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 33 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied at three-nose points [Yingxiang (LI 20), Shangyingxiang (EX-HN 8) and Yintang (GV 29); Cuanzhu (BL 2) was added for frontal headache] and three-back points [Dazhu (BL 11), Fengmen (BL 12) and Feishu (BL 13)], once every day. Ten treatments made one session. Two sessions of treatment were required. In the western medication group, desloratadine oral suspension was prescribed, 5 mg each time, once a day, for 20 days. The scores of the symptoms and physical signs in AR patients as well as the clinical efficacy were observed between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 93.9% (31/33) in the acupuncture group, which was better than 72.7% (24/33) in the western medication group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of AR symptoms and physical signs as well as the total score were all reduced compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.01). The score of every item in the acupuncture group was lower than that in the western medication group after treatment (score of symptoms: 4.70 +/- 2.07 vs 6.55 +/- 2. 69, score of physical signs: 0.85 +/- 0.67 vs 1.45 +/- +0.62, total score: 5.36 +/- 2.70 vs 8.00 +/- 2.91, all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJin's three-needle therapy achieves superior efficacy on AR of lung-qi deficiency and cold syndrome, which is better than desloratadine oral suspension.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Qi ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of the chest X-ray images in children infected with enterovirus 71.

METHODSA total of 120 children with enterovirus 71 infection between April, 2010 and July, 2011 were classified into three groups according to the disease condition: mild (31 cases), severe (43 cases) and life-threatening (46 cases). The period from the onset of clinical symptoms to the first chest X-ray imaging examination and the results of the first chest X-ray findings were compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThe period from the onset of clinical symptoms to the first chest X-ray imaging examination in the mild, severe and life-threatening groups was 26-48 hrs (median 37 hrs), 10-36 h (median 23 hrs) and 2-36 hrs (median 19 hrs) respectively. Chest X-ray abnormalities were initially observed at 30 hrs after the onset of clinical symptoms in the mild group, at 23 hrs in the severe group and at 2 hrs in the life-threatening group (P<0.01). The mild group presented an initial imaging abnormality rate of 5.8%, the severe group 81.3% and the life-threatening group 100%. The life-threatening group showed a significantly higher initial X-ray abnormality rate than the other two groups (P<0.01). In terms of chest X-ray performance, the mild group usually presented lung marking thickening or vagueness. Most children in the severe group presented lung effusion and consolidation. Signs of pulmonary edema were found in the life-threatening group, and lesions in the life-threatening group were characterized by wide distribution and many lung lobe involvements.

CONCLUSIONSThe interval between the onset of clinical symptoms and the initial chest X-ray examination, the period of time of, and the onset of clinical symptoms, at which chest X-ray abnormalities, the abnormality rate and the severity of chest X-ray findings may be paralleled to the clinical situation in children with enterovirus 71 infection.

Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic