Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)is a common optic neuropathy seriously affecting the visual function in the middle-aged and elderly population.However,its pathogenesis is not completely clear,and therefore its treating efficacy is dissatisfactory.The current study on NAION is focused on the establishment of suitable animal model and the pathogenesis.In recent years,the relatively ideal animal models(including rodent and primate) have been established by photodynamic methods,which make people have more in-depth understanding on the pathophysiologic mechanism of NAION and lay the basis for the research of therapies.The selection of experimental animals,various induction methods and existing problems in the creation of NAION animal model were reviewed and analyzed in this artical.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of early rehabilitation on poststroke anxiety and depression.Methods137 stroke patients with hemiplegia were divided into the rehabilitation group (70 cases) and control group (67 cases). All patients in both two groups were given routine clinical treatment, but the patients in the rehabilitation group were given regular early rehabilitation. All patients were evaluated with Bathel Index (BI), Fugl-Meyer Motor Scale (FMMS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) before and 3 months after treatment.ResultsAfter 3 months treatment, the scores of HAMD, HAMA, BI and FMMS of patients in the rehabilitation group increased significantly compared with those before treatment ( P<0.05～0.01), and those in the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of BI and FMMS of patients in the control group after treatment also increased significantly compared with those before treatment ( P<0.05). The incidences of depression and anxiety of the rehabilitation group were 22.86% and 5.71%, those of the control group were 40.30% and 16.42%, there was a significant difference between two groups( P<0.05).ConclusionThe early rehabilitation can obviously decrease anxiety and depression of stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Objective To explore whether arsenic trioxide(As2O3)-induced apopotosis in drug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cells may induce in through endoplasmic reticulum stress leukemia cell apopotosis.Methods The apoptosis of K562/ADM cells was identified by double staining of FITC-Annexin V and propidium iodide(PI),the ultrastructure of the cells,endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Flow cytometry(FCM) was employed to assess mitochondrial inner membrane potential(??m),intracellular calcium concentration,cytochrome c(Cyt c) release and caspase-3 activity.The expression of GRP78 protein was analyzed by Western blot.Results During the apoptotic process of K562/ADM cells induced with 2 ?mol/L and 5 ?mol/L As2O3,the endoplasmic reticulum exhibited obvious expansion and degranulation,and the mitochondria illustrated inner and outer membranes fusion,reduced and confused cristae,swelling and vacuolization.The mitochondrial ??m decreased,the intracellular calcium concentration and releasing of cytochrome c from mitochondria increased,and caspase-3 was activated.Western blot result indicated upregulation of GRP78 protein at endoplas-mic reticulum in apopototic K562/ADM cells.Conclusion As2O3 can initiate the endoplasmic reticulum stress in K562/ADM cells,and induces to apoptosis of the drug-resistant cell via endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate in vitro effect of abnormal savda munziq (ASMq) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs).

METHODSHSFs were divided into six groups to receive different treatments as group A (blank control group), group B-E (ASMq in different concentration), and group F(5-Fu). Each group contains six specimens. The HSFs were cultured in vitro. After culture for 48 hours, the CCK8 test and flow cytometry methods were used to detect the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis.

RESULTSThe proliferation of HSFs in the B, C, D and E groups was inhibited at G2/M period, while it was inhibited at G0/S period in group F (P < 0.05). The inhibition effect of ASMq (0.1-1.0 mg/ml) on the fibroblasts enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis with annexin V-FITC and PI staining confirmed the apoptotic. When HSFs were exposed to ASMq at 1.0 mg/ml (group E) for 48 h, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased to (43.7 +/- 2.58)%, which was significantly higher than that of blank control group (2.2 +/- 0.59)%. The induced apoptosis effect was also increased in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONASMq has a inhibitory effect on the proliferation and an enhancement effect on the apoptosis of fibroblast. ASMq could be used as an effective drug for treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cell Division ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; pathology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of cannabinoid receptor 2 (cannabinoid receptor 2,CB2R) agonist JWHO15 on the hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in a rat model of postoperative pain.Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 10 groups ( n =6 each ):control groups ( C1 and C2 ),incisional pain groups (I1 and I2),incisional pain plus JWHO15 groups (QI and FI),remifentanil groups (R1 and R2),and JWHO15 plus remifentanil groups ( QR and FR).Rats in group QL/QR and FI/FR were intrathecal injection with 10μg JWHO15 ( diluted in 10μl 20％ DMSO solution) and intraperitoneal administration with 100μg JWHO15 ( diluted in 10μl 4％ DMSO solution) respectively 30 min before plantar incision while rats in group C,I and R were received with the same volume of DMSO solution.Plantar incision surgery was operated in rats of group I,R,QI/FI,and QR/FR.In group R and QR/FR,remifentanil (0.04 mg/kg) was infused subcutaneously to rats with a pump for 30 min at the moment of surgical incision.The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) at 24 h before incision and at 2 h,6 h,24 h and 48 h after incision were tested to evaluate the behavioral changes.ResultsCompared with group C and baseline,the level of PWMT and PWTL decreased at 2 h,6 h,24 h and 48h after incision in group Ⅰ (P＜ 0.01 ) ;Compared with group Ⅰ,the significant decrease of PWMT and PWTL were observed after incision in group R (P ＜ 0.05 ) ; Compared with group R,the significant increase of PWMT (7.78 ± 1.09) and PWTL ( 17.28 ± 1.58) were observed from 6 h after incision in group QR(P＜0.05).And the increase of PWMT (7.79 ±0.72,9.50 ± 1.17,7.86 ± 1.16) and PWTL ( 16.23 ± 1.50,19.53 ± 1.63,18.10 ± 0.93) were observed at 6 h,24 h and 48 h after incision in group FR(P＜0.05).ConclusionIntrathecal and intraperitoneal administration of JWHO15 in this investigation dose could relief remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in a rat model of postoperative pain.

12E7 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hemangioma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lipoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liposarcoma, Myxoid ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects of intrathecally cyclic AMP response element-binding protein(CREB) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) on neuropathic pain behaviors.Methods Using mouse model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve (CCI),24 male C57BL/6 mice successfully received intrathecal catheter implantation and without motor dysfunction were randomly divided into 4groups(n=6):Saline group(NS),CREB sense ODN group(S),CREB missense ODN group(M),CREB antisense ODN group(A).Mice in NS,S,M and A were intrathecally treated with Saline 5μ l,Sense ODN 5μg/5μl,Missense ODN 5μg/5μl and Antisense ODN 5μg/Sμl once daily on day 1 ～6 after CCI respectively.Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency(PWTL) were tested on day 1 before CCI and day 1,3,5,7,10,14,17,21 after CC(I).Results Mice in A group maintained the pain thresholds in the baseline and lasted at least 7 days after CCI ( 7 d,PWMT:( 0.81 ± 0.20 ) g vs ( 1.00 ± 0.19 ) g,P ＞ 0.05 ;PWTL:(5.96 ± 0.69) s vs (6.93 ± 1.08 ) s,P ＞ 0.05 ).The withdrawal thresholds in the ipsilateral hind paws of the mouse were significantly lower than baseline in A group on day 10 after CCI( 10 d,PWMT:(0.56 ±0.19)g vs (1.00±0.19)g,P＜0.05; PWTL:(3.93 ±0.28)s vs (6.93 ± 1.08)s,P＜0.05).Compared with NS group ( 10 d,PWMT:(0.56 ±0.19)g vs (0.37 ±0.08)g,P＜0.05; PWTL:(3.93 ±0.28)s vs (3.14 ±0.45)s,P＜0.05),S group,M group,the withdrawal thresholds of A group was significantly elevated on day 10 after CCI.These effects lasted up to at least day 21 after CCI.Conclusion Intrathecally treated with CREB antisense ODN in the development of neuropathic pain induced by CCI completely improved pain behaviors during the course of injection,and the effects of relief pain lasted at least 15d after no injection.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of macrophages as cell carriers to deliver floate modified oxygen loaded ultrasound contrast agent . Methods The phagocytic activity of macrophages was analyzed by ink phagocytose test , and the expression of folate recepters ( FRs ) on macrophages cell membrane surface was tested by immunofluofluorescence assay . Oxygen/paclitaxel loaded lipid microbubbles( OPLMB) and folate‐targeted OPLMB ( TOPLMB) were synthesized by mechanical shock method and incubated with macrophages in vitro . According to different treatment conditions ,the cells were divided into three groups:group A ( OPLMB) ,group B ( free folic acid + TOPLMB) and group C ( TOPLMB) , the fluorescence intensity of the cells were observed under fluorescence microscope ,and the phagocytic percentage and the phagocytic index of macrophages uptake OPLMB and TOPLMB were observed by bright field microscope . Results The phagocytic percentage of macrophages phagocytose ink was (99 .3 ± 1 .0)% ,FRs was highly expressed on macrophages cultured in vitro . After incubation for 30 minutes ,the fluorescence intensity of group C was significantly higher than those of A and B ,the phagocytic percentage in three groups were (19 .5 ± 0 .2)% ,(21 .0 ± 0 .2)% and (81 .2 ± 10 .0)% respetively . The phagocytic percentage of group C were significantly higher than those in group A and group B ( P <0 .05) . Conclusions Macrophages cultured in vitro possess highly phagocytic activity and these cells highly express FRs ,and can be used as cell carriers to deliver floate modified oxygen loaded multimodality ultrasound contrast agent .

Objective: To explore the necessity of multi-slice CT (MSCT) and echocardiogram in diagnosing multiple cardiac myxoma or myxoma originated from special site of heart via analyzing medical imaging features. Methods: A total of 14 patients with multiple cardiac myxoma or myxoma not originated from left atrium fossa ovale were studied; the patients had operation conifrmed diagnosis in our hospital from 2003-02 to 2015-12, the imaging features of MSCT and echocardiography were analyzed and compared. Results: There were 12/14 patients diagnose by echocardiography with the accuracy of 85.7% and 11 patients diagnosed by MSCT with the accuracy of 84.6%. MSCT and echocardiography had similar pre-operative accuracy and complimentary advantages for diagnosing multiple cardiac myxoma or myxoma not originated from regular site of heart. Echocardiography was superior for examining the motion, pedicle position, shape and attachment point of cardiac myxoma; MSCT may exclude pulmonary embolism and coronary artery disease at meanwhile. Conclusion: Unconventional cardiac myxoma not only has similar image signs to typical single myxoma from left atrium, but also has the speciifc features; MSCT combining echocardiogram examinations could make more accurate diagnosis and provide a better condition for surgical treatment.

Objective:To screen and characterize aptamers against BCR-ABL fusion protein.Methods:A 90bp single stranded DNA( ssDNA) random library was subjected to 13 rounds of selection against BCR-ABL fusion protein by systematic evolution of ligands by expotential enrichment ( SELEX ) method, the selected aptamers were cloned and sequenced.The primary sequences and structure of aptamers were analyzed by Clustal W and DNA Folding Sever and the percentage of the ssDNA pool bound to BCR-ABL core protein were determinated.Results: after 13 rounds selection, the percentage of ssDNA pool bound to BCR-ABL fusion protein increased from 0.3%to 47.1%,the results showed that affinities of the Aptamers were different,the second structure analysis revealed possible stem-loops for binding to BCR-ABL fusion protein,the affinity of aptamer A2 to BCR-ABL fusion protein was highest with Kd values as low as 72 nmol/L.Conclusion:Aptamers against BCR-ABL fusion protein has been identified by SELEX methods from a 90 bp single stranded DNA library.And provide certain reference for the clinical treatment of chronic myelogenous.