Objective To study the difference in detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in diffenent types of sumples.MethodsThe sputum,bronchial fluid,blood of 52 patients with clinical diagnosis of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were tested with fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results45 cases were identiified in sputum and 51 cases were identified in bronehial perfusate and 15case were identified in blood.?2 was 4.875(P

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of scaphoid fracture fixation through dorsal approach and dorsal joint capsule recon -struction in treatment of old trans-scaphoid perilunar dislocation .Methods From October 2010 to October 2013, 12 patients of old trans-scaphoid perilunar dislocation had been treated with open reduction and internal fixation as well as dorsal joint capsule reconstruction through dorsal approach.Among the 12 patients, 9 were males and 3 were females, and they were 22~54 years old (42.3 years old averagely). Preoperative and postoperative wrist functions were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM), grip strength and Cooney's standard.Results All the 12 patients were followed-up for 15 to 28 months (24 months averagely).In the last follow-up, the aver-age VAS score was 1.6 point (0~6 point) , and 9 patients of them had no feeling of pain .According to the Cooney ’ s standard,the results were excellent in 2 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 1 case,and bad in 1 case.The mean time of fracture union was 14~22 weeks (16.8 weeks averagely ) .Conclusion Scaphoid fracture fixation through dorsal approach and dorsal joint capsule reconstruction in treatment of old trans-scaphoid perilunar dislocation can receive good curative effect and satisfactory clinical effect .

BACKGROUND:How to promote homing of scarce limbal stem cel s is the key to improving transplantation efficiency. And stromal cel-derived factor-1 plays an important role in the repair of retinal pigment epithelial cel s injury. OBJECTIVE:To observe changes of stromal cel-derived factor-1 levels in rat and mouse limbal stem cel deficiency models in order to confirm whether these changes wil induce peripheral blood stem cel s homing into the cornea. METHODS:Eye models of limbal stem cel deficiency were prepared in rats and mice by cutting method, then peripheral blood samples were continuously drawn to detect the mass concentration of stromal cel-derived factor-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay within 1 month after modeling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the rat peripheral blood, the mass concentration of stromal cel-derived factor-1 started to increase at 24 hours after modeling and firstly peaked at the 3rd day;then it tended to decrease and reached a second peak lower than the first one at the 25th day;subsequently, it returned to the normal level. In the meanwhile, the mass concentration of stromal cel-derived factor-1 in the mouse peripheral blood, increased at 12 hours after modeling, peaked at the 3rd day, subsequently decreased until another peak lower than the former one presented at the 20th day, and final y it returned to the normal level. In conclusion, the level of stromal cel-derived factor-1 in the peripheral blood is significantly associated with limbal stem cel s deficiency, which may play an important role in corneal injury repair.

BACKGROUND:Stromal cel-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) play an important role in stem cel homing during bone marrow, organ and tissue transplantation. But there are few reports on limbal stem cel transplantation and homing as wel as the distribution and content of SDF-1/CXCR4 on the cornea. OBJECTIVE:To detect the expression levels of SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA in rat corneal tissue by fluorescence quantitative PCR. METHODS: The normal rat cornea was taken completely, and subdivided into central cornea, peripheral corneal and limbal area. Fluorescence quantitative PCR method was employed to detect SDF-1/CXCR4 mRNA levels at corresponding positions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNA were 0.213±0.015 and 0.189±0.02 in the central cornea, 0.529±0.077 and 0.285±0.015 in the peripheral cornea, 0.666±0.069 and 0.258±0.067 in the limbal area, respectively. These data show that there are significant differences in the expression levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNA in the central cornea, peripheral corneal and limbal area, and these differences exert an important role in cel homing and migration during limbal stem cel transplantation for treatment of limbal stem cel deficiency.

Objective Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a novel functional imaging tech-nique for assessing the property of the tissue vessel .This study was to investigate whether DCE-MRI can manifest the angiogenesis of pri-mary liver cancer in the aspect of vascular permeability so as to provide more objective diagnostic information for the evaluation of primary liver cancer . Methods Twenty-one patients with primary liver cancer underwent DCE-MRI.The region of interest ( ROI) was placed in the whole tumor, the hot spot of the tumor and the adjacent liver parenchyma .Tissue 4D software package was used for the post-pro-cessing of the DCE-MRI images, the quantitative parameters including transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep) and tumor extravas-cular extracellular space volume (Ve), and such semi-quantitative parameter as the initial area under the contrast concentration versus time curve (iAUC). Results The mean Ktrans, Kep, Ve and iAUC values were (0.124 ±0.057)/min, (0.632 ±0.158)/min, (0.205 ±0.098) and (10.009 ±6.201) in the adjacent liver parenchyma , (0.196 ±0.109)/min, (0.546 ±0.214)/min, (0.424 ± 0.160) and (13.675 ±6.113) in the whole tumor, and (0.422 ±0.170)/min, (0.780 ±0.308)/min, (0.589 ±0.116) and (35.663 ±19.086) in the hot spot of the tumor .All the parameters were significantly higher in the hot spot of the tumor than in the whole tumor (P<0.05), and so were Ktrans and Ve in the whole tumor than in the adjacent liver parenchyma (P<0.05), but Ktrans, Ve, and iAUC were markedly lower in the adjacent liver parenchyma than in the hot spot of the tumor (P<0.05). Conclusion Analysis of the vascular permeability of the tissue using DCE-MRI parameters can indirectly reflect the angiogenesis of the tumor and contribute to the evaluation of primary liver cancer , while monitoring the DCE-MRI pa-rameters of the hot spots of the tumor may allow more accurate evalua-tion of primary liver cancer .

OBJECTIVE: To explain the current situation of the study on Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN), clarify the concept of CHN and investigate the pathogenesis, also suggest the measures for the prevention and treatment of CHN.DATA SOURCES: Articles about kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid (AA) published in English between January 1994 and April 2006 were searched in Pubmed database by using the keywords of "kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid (AA), nephropathy induced by aristolochic acid (AA), Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN)". Other articles were collected by the specific name of journals and title of papers by retrieving VIP database.STUDY SELECTION: The original articles were checked primarily, those about kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine containing AA were selected, those obviously irrelevant ones were excluded, and the full-texts of the involved articles were searched manually.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 86 articles were collected, 20 of them were involved, and the other 66 repetitive studies or reviews were excluded:DATA SYNTHESIS: At present, kidney impairment induced by Chinese herbal medicine has not attracted enough attentions in Chinese, and effective monitoring system should be established. The diagnosis and pathogenesis of nephropathy induced by AA are still unclear, and the prevention is the main treatment. Therefore, we should realize its harmfulness, and reinforce its basic and clinical researches.CONCLUSION: The main damage in kidney caused by AA focuses on the renal tubulointerstitial matrix. Renal glomerulus is rarely involved in the toxic process. Clinical manifestations also reflect the impairment of renal tubules and interstitium such as interstitial fibrosis. A more effective diagnosis monitoring and screening system should be set up in order to mesh the patients at the early stage. A more stringent method for classification of the species in fourstamen stephania root family will be established to avoid confusion and error. More valid therapeutic channels should investigate for its remedy.

We discuss the common complications and risk of rehabilitation method tor patients with common neoplasms. The matters that should be noticed in exercise therapy was considered we also investigated inteventions for these complications.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic efficiency and outcomes of vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha obturation using the four-handed technique.MethodsA split-tooth model constructed with lateral grooves and depressions was used to compare vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha obturation with and without the four-handed technique.Respectively 10 times of obturation were done in the four-handed group and the independent operation group.The operation time and defect replication quality were recorded.Evaluation of defect replication quality was on an ordinal scale 0 to 2 grade based on how much each defect was replicated.The results were statistically analyzed.ResultsThere were signiticant differences in treatment time between the four-handed group and theindependent operation group,as well as in treatment outcomes between two groups.ConclusionsUse of the four-handed technique can improve therapeutic efficiency and outcomes of vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha obturation.

Objective To provide reference basis for protection and sustainable utility of S. baicalensis by a large scale of nationwide resources survey of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in China. Methods On the basis of literature research, survey was conducted on geographical distribution, resources reserves, recovery and growth of the resources status etc. of S. baicalensis. Results The wild resources of S. baicalensis was wildly distributed in the emperate zone in north of China and the distribution was discontinuous. Large differences were showed between different populations in entironment, coenotype and plant morphology. The cultivated resources of S. baicalensis were mainly distributed in Shanxi, Hebei, Gansu, Shandong provinces and Inner Mongolia autonomous region. There were diverse cultivation models and differences existed in production and quality in different regions. Conclusion Destruction of the wild resources and unstable of the resource quality were two main problems of S. baicalensis resources. It was suggested that researches on quality formation and control should be carried out, and institutional guarantee was essential to protect and sustainable use the plant resources of S. baicalensis.

Objective To discuss the core professional values of nursing(CPVN) in modern China and further promote the education of CPVN. Methods 622 clinical nurses and nursing students were re-cruited to participate the questionnaire survey to explore the understanding of CPVN. Results The top five CPVN were responsibility, accountability, aptitude, professionalism and ethics. Conclusions CPVN should be established based on the development of the times and national conditions in order to improve the overall level of nursing profession in China.