[Objective]To investigate diagnosis of lumbar instability,segment of spinal canal decompression and principle of fixation and fusion.[Method]158 cases of degnenerative lumbar instability from Feb 2001 and Oct 2006 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,the patients were operated with posterior decompression,instrumentation with pedicle screw and interbody or inter-transverse fusion.Patients all were examined with lumbar radiographys of lateral flexion and extension and with lumbar CT befor operation,Patients began to walk after operation one week,6 months later,restore to normal activities.[Result]The preoperative spinal canal area was 56~114 mm2,averaged 74 mm2,the postoperative spinal canal area 204~296 mm2,averaged 221 mm2.The patients were followed up from 6 months to 5 years(averaged 2 years and 5 months).The score was evaluated according to the JOA score.The preoperative score was averaged 3.7,the postoperative score was averaged 13.2,the improving rate was averaged 85%.108 case excellent,46 good,3 fairand 1 bad,The excellent and good rate was 97.5% in this group.[Conclusion]The spinal stability can be effectively maintained and reconstructed by decompression of spinal canal and instrumentation with pedicle screw system and fusion,which is a good method for treating Degnenerative instability of lumbar spine.

Bioactive natural products are the material bases of Chinese materia medica resources. With successful applications of synthetic biology strategies to the researches and productions of taxol, artemisinin and tanshinone, etc, the potential ability of synthetic biology in the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources has been attracted by many researchers. This paper reviews the development of synthetic biology, the opportunities of sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources, and the progress of synthetic biology applied to the researches of bioactive natural products. Furthermore, this paper also analyzes how to apply synthetic biology to sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources and what the crucial factors are. Production of bioactive natural products with synthetic biology strategies will become a significant approach for the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources.
Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Biotechnology ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Paclitaxel ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics ; metabolism ; Synthetic Biology

Objective To investigate and analyze the surgical site infection rate,clinical characteristics,risk factors and pathogens in patients after type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery,which may provide a basis for preventing surgical site infection in foot and ankle surgery.Methods Patients undergoing type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery from Jun.2011 to Jun.2015 were investigated retrospectively.Clinical data of cases with surgical site infection were collected and analyzed.Incidence of surgical site infection,clinical features,risk factors and pathogen distribution were studied.Results Seven hundred and sixty-one patients were undergoing type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery,surgical site infection occurred in 42 patients with an infection rate of 5.5％.In terms of age,gender,anesthesia,smoking,drinking,rheumatoid arthritis,gout,number of incisions and recovery after open injuries,no significant difference of surgical site infection rate were found.Diabetes mellitus complicated with peripheral neuropathy increased the risk of surgical site infection compared with nondiabetic patients.Patients who had an operative time more than 3 hours had a greater risk of surgical site infection compared with those less than 1 hours.The presence of intra-operative implants increases the risk of surgical site infection compared with patients with external fixations or without implants.Conclusions Surgical site infection is a common complication for the patients after type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery.Diabetes mellitus complicated with peripheral neuropathy,long operation time and intra-operative implants may be the high risk factors for surgical site infection.

Smad3 is a major transporter in the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway.It is in charge of the transfer of TGF-β signal from the surface of the cell membrane into the nucleus.The TGF-β signal can be bound to the target gene in the nucleus and regulate its expression.Abnormalities in Smad3 expression level and functional status will lead to abnormal signal transduction,involving cell growth,proliferation,development,differentiation,migration,apoptosis and other basic life activities.This review focused on the differential expression of Smad3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)and the adjacent tissue.The character of Smad3 in HCC is outlined in three parts:Smad3 upstream signaling source,Smad3 self-assembly maturation and Smad3 downstream effects,which may provide a summary and reference for the follow-up study on Smad3.

Objective To assess the protective effect of remifentanil on cultured human hepatocytes against anoxia-reoxygenation injury. Methods Cultured hepatocytes were divided into 5 groups: group C receiving normoxia as control; groups AR, R, CH, R+CH receiving 15-hour xypoxia followed by 5-hour reoxygenation (group R receiving 5 ng/ml remifentanil, group CH 10 ?mol/L chelerythrine, group R+CH 5 ng/ml remifentanil and 10 ?mol/L chelerythrine before reoxygenation). The content of MDA in the hepatocyte mitochondria were measured. The rate of apoptotic cells was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of protein kinase C mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. Results Anoxia-reoxygenation caused dramatic increase in the content of MDA, the rate of apoptotic cells and the expression of protein kinase C mRNA. The three indexes mentioned above of groups R and CH were between that of groups C and AR (P

Objective:To search for the optimum formula for the self emulsification of evening primrose oil. Methods: Through solubility experiment, orthogonal screen and drawing phase diagram, taking the degree of emulsifying, the volume of the rest oil and emulsion particle size as parameters,the oil, non ionic surfactant and flux for the optimum formulation were screened. Results: In the formulation of evening primrose oil, taking Tween 85 as the non ionic surfactant and propylene glycol as the co surfactant can get the best effect of emulsifying. Conclusion: The optimum formula for self emulsification of evening primrose oil is evening primrose oil, Tween 85 and propylene glycol,with their proportion being 5∶7∶3.

Objective To analyze the results of postoperative conventional radiotherapy supplemen- ted by stereotactic radiotherapy for glioma and with analysis of prognostic factors.Methods From Dec. 1998 to Dee.2004,143 patients with brain glioma were postoperatively treated with conventional radiotherapy supplemented by stereotactic radiotherapy.Steretactic radiotherapy of 5-7 Gy/fraction,to totally 5-7 fractions were added as boost to the GTV following the conventional radiotherapy.The conventional radiotherapy,ai- ming at the peri-tumoral subclinical micro-loci,was about 50 Gy.Results The KPS grades were 81?9, 71?9 in patients 3-6 month after treatment in contrast to that prior to operation (t=5.98,P＜0.01 ).CR 39 patients (27.3%) ,PR 70 patients(49.0% ) ,NC 25 patients(17.5%),PD 9 patients(6.3%),with an effi- ciency rate of 76%.The 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate was 56.6%,36.0% and 21.7%,respectively. Prognostic factor analysis showed that patients with low grade glioma had better survival time.Age,tumor site and dose,etc were unrelated to prognosis.Conclusion Stereotactic radiotherapy supplementing conven- tional radiotherapy is effective for postoperative brain glioma,which method not only shows excellence in physical dose distribution but strictly in accordance with the principle of radiobiology also.

Objective:To observe the stimulating effect of C main Peptide purified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptide antigens(Mtb Ag) on human ??T cells, and the effect of C main peptide on the Mtb Ag activated ??T cells in vitro. Methods:C main peptide was used to stimulate fresh ??T cells of normal subjects in different doses for 10 d and the responded cells were phenotyped by flow cytometry. Furthermore,C main peptide was used to restimulate the activated ??T cells ,and then analyse the expression of early activation marker molecule CD69 in ??T cells by flow cytometry and the activity of proliferation of ??T cells by MTT assay. Results:C main peptide could stimulate the proliferation of fresh ??T cells predominantly, and it also could promote the expression of CD69 in activated ??T cells and enhance its activity of proliferation. Conclusion:C main peptide purified from Mtb Ag is a kind of specific stimulator of human ??T cell in vitro.

A patient suffering Madelung's disease was treated and the literatures were reviewed in this article. The cause, the clinical features and treatment were discussed. The cause of this disease is unknown, and it is characterized by symmetrical accumulation of fat around the neck,nape and armpit having a appearance of "horse collar"or "hump back". Histological analysis revealed typical fat tissue depositing around the structures. Surgery is the main means of treatment, and prognosis is good.

Objective To obtain colon cancer spheroid cells from human colon cancer cell lines cultured in serum-free medium (SFM),and investigate the proliferative and migratory properties of colon cancer spheroid cells.Methods Human colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 were cultured in SFM,and then the generation of spheroid cells was observed.The expression of stem cell surface marker CD133 was detected by flow cytometry,and the proliferative and migratory properties of colon cancer spheroid cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 and Transwell migration assay,respectively.All data were analyzed by using the t test.Results Spheroid cells were obtained from colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 in SFM.The ratios of spheroid cells with positive expression of CD133 generated by HCT116 and HT29 were 75.44％ ± 11.41％ and 76.22％ ± 14.23％,respectively.Compared with original colon cancer cells cultured in serum supplemented medium,the number of HCT116 and HT29 spheroid cells with positive expression of CD133 was significantly greater (t =11.43,9.17,P ＜ 0.05 ),and the proliferative and migratory abilities were much stronger also.Conclusion Colon cancer spheroid cells cultured in SFM have higher positive expression of CD133 and stronger proliferative and migratory abilities,and it can be utilized as a feasible model for further studies of colonic stem cells.