Objective To evaluate the role of PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-350 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:two-lung ventilation TLV) group,OLV + normal saline group (group OLV),OLV + dexmedetomidine group (group D),and OLV + dexmedetomidine +LY294002 group (group DL).Bilateral lungs were ventilated for 2.5 h in group TLV,and the right lung was ventilated for 2 h followed by 0.5 h TLV in the other groups.The rats were sacrificed,the left lung was removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) (by Western blot).Results Compared with group TLV,W/D ratio was significantly increased,the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in the other three groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group OLV,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-lα was up-regulated in D and DL groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group DL,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-1α was up-regulated in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during OLV in rats.

Asia ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

The deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ is the key pathological basis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies emphasis that the stability of internal environment between cells of the neurovascular unit is the key to maintain normal brain function. This article reviews the relationship between the Aβand the neurovascular unit injury, and we expect to provide some new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of CAA and AD.

DICOM standard is a compulsory international standard for the establishment of Integrated Hospital Information System (IHIS) and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). This paper introduces such information of DICOM3.0 as its generation, components, operational mechanism and application. To understand DICOM standard exactly is helpful for the efficient operation of PACS.

Objective To summarize the experiences of logistics support in disaster areas stricken by the catastrophic Wenchuan earthquake with the aim to improve the ability to effectively meet various military missions. Methods The experiences of logistics support in disaster areas stricken by the catastrophic Wenchuan earthquake were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. With the author's knowledge of commanding the health service in rescue work, a proposal was put forward on the organization of military logistics and health support to effectively meet various military missions in the future. Results The disaster areas stricken by the strong Wenchuan earthquake were about 500 thousand km2, in which about 130 thousand km2 areas were heavily stricken, and about 4.3 million casualties needed to be treated. The peculiarities of the rescue support in the disaster areas were as follows: urgency in mission, difficulty in coordination, urgent and rapid changes in tasks, and difficelty in ensuring supply. For the military logistic service, the specific services in disaster areas were: to strictly carry out the commands from high authorities and determination to carry out the rescue work of health support; to unify the commands, and coordinate as a whole to enhance the efficiency of health service command; to carry out rational deployment of medical teams and rapidly organize a combined military and civilian medical support system; to dexterously utilize every single resource of health service, and continuously enhance the efficiency of health service. By means of high efficiency of health service, the fighting capacity of troops in carrying out the task had been withheld and enhanced, ensuring timely treatment of the injured, and no outbreak of epidemic, which used to prevail after a strong earthquake. Conclusions In view of existing problems in medical support in rescuing the casualties in this disaster, such as insufficient preparedness of health service in dealing with catastrophic natural disaster, imperfect organization and coordination system, and backward in equipments and techniques, and the prospects that the necessity of developing military health service to meet the needs of various military tasks in the future, it is suggested that: the capacity to respond to meet sudden accidents should be honed, capacity of coordinated action in carrying out tasks by combined forces should be enhanced; the levels of surgical expertise and medical support should be elevated, and the construction of logistics forces should be strengthened.

This paper briefly reviewed the history and current development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in Australia and introduced Australian TCM associations and TCM colleges and universities in detail.This paper provided a reference for comprehensively understanding the current TCM associations.education and researching institutes in Australia.

Objective:To investigate the presence of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies(ANCA) and their specific antigens in the patients with thromboangiitis obliterans(Buerger's disease,TAO).Methods:The TAO group includes 23 patients.The arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO) group includs 25 pantients and the control group is health group includs 25 volunteers.Serum samples were investigated for ANCA prevalence by indirect immunofluorescent technique in TAO group,ASOgroup and health group.the reactivity to proteinase 3(PR3),myeloperoxidase(MPO),cathepsin G(CG),bactericidal/permesbility-increasing protein(BPI),elastase(HLE) and lactoferrin(LF) was measured by ELISA in TAO group and health group.Results:(1) There are 13 of 23 patients with TAO who are tested ANCA positive by indirect immunofluorescence,the ANCA prevalence is 52.2%.Only one patient is pANCA positive among 25 patients with ASO,the prevalence is 4%,and no ANCA are found in healthy controls.(2) ANCA were predominantly found in group II(66.7%;12/18) compared to group I(33.3%;3/9) and the levels of the titre of ANCA in the group II was higher than group I.(3) Only five of 12 ANCA-positive sera reacted with MPO,three of the twelve reacted with LF,one serum is HLE positive and one is BPI positive.No serum reacted with PR3 and CG.(4) Anti-MPO,anti-LF,anti-BPI and anti-HLE autoantibodies were found only in the severe group.Conclusion:The prevalence of ANCA and levels of Anti-MPO,anti-LF,anti-BPI and anti-HLE correlated with disease severity.Therefore,detection of ANCA can be a helpful serological test for the diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans.

Objective To observe the change of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and satisfaction with treatment in preventing remissive migraine by puncturing Taiyang (EX-HN 5) at different depths. Methods Forty eligible migraine patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 20 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by deep needling at Taiyang (EX-HN 5) as the predominant treatment, while the control group was by superficial needling at Taiyang (EX-HN 5) as the predominant treatment. The VAS score and satisfaction degree with treatment were evaluated before and after treatment. Results The VAS score was significantly changed after intervention in the treatment group (P<0.01). After intervention, there was a significant difference in comparing the VAS score between the two groups (P<0.01). The satisfaction rate was 100.0% in the treatment group versus 85.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared to superficial needling at Taiyang (EX-HN 5), deep needling at Taiyang (EX-HN 5) can significantly reduce the headache degree..

Mass spectrometry is an important and powerful tool for protein quantification. With the in-depth development of quantitative proteomics, limitations of classic MS based quantification methods, such as complicated matrix interference and throughput/capacity limitation, start to appear. Recent progress of series novel MS based techniques provide effective solutions for the limitations of relative and absolute proteomic quantification, including synchronous precursor selection ( SPS ) , mass defect isobaric labeling, parallel reaction monitoring ( PRM) , multiplexing acquisition ( MSX) , and various novel data independent acquisition ( DIA) modes. Here we summarized the current limitations of quantitative proteomics, reviewed the latest MS based quantification approaches, and discussed the features and advantages of these novel techniques for quantitative proteomic application.