Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; complications ; Pulmonary Embolism ; complications

Ribosome inactivating protein(RIP) is a kind of toxin plant pr ot ein in which extensively lives in the body of higher plants and controls ribosom e's function. Beside it can control protein's combination,it has lots of biolog ical reactivity as resisting giving birth and tumor and controlling HIV. At fir st, RIP is isolated from seeds of bitter melon.The result of SDS-PAGE indicate s that there are lots of RIP in the abstraction liquid.Then we study the antivi ral action of RIP through the cell of CEF and SPF chicken embryos.The results s how that RIP can resist NDVF_48E_8,MDVCVI_988 and FPV-SD4 to so me extent.

Objective To investigate the changes and potential roles of the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1(ASK1),thioredoxin(Trx)and thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)in the pathogenesis of lung injury of premature newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia. Methods In the first day after delivery,preterm SD rats were randomly divided into air group and hyperoxia group with 64 rats in each.The rats were respectively sacrificed at 1,4,7,10 and 14 days after air or hyperoxia exposure.Sections of 1ungs were stained with HE to observe the histologic changes.Trx and TrxR mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and distribution of ASK1.Western blot was used to detect the expression of ASK1 protein. Results Rats in hyperoxia group showed typical lung injury,which was characterized by alveolitis and delayed of lung development.Immunohistochemistry detected that ASK1 expressed generally in the cytoplasm of both alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells:ASK1 protein expression in hyperoxia group at 1th and 4th day were 0.4382±0.0227 and 0.5270±0.0432,higher than in the air group(0.3458±0.0263 and 0.3760±0.0058)(P<0.01),and it was until 7th day that the expression became weaker(0.4343±0.0254),but still higher compared with the air group(0.3473±0.0220)(P<0.01).Compared with the air group,Trx and TrxR mRNA of the hyperoxia group increased significantly and peaked at lOth day(0.6860±0.0811)and 7th day(2.0351±0.1600),respectively(P<0.05).ASK1 protein expressions resulting

Objective To explore the effects of expression of thioredoxin-2(Trx-2) suppressed by small interference RNA(SiRNA) in A549 cells exposed to hyperoxia on expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1)and cytochrome C oxidase Ⅰ(COX Ⅰ). Methods A549 cells were gained by serial subcultivation in vitro and transfered with synthetic Trx-2 sequence-specific SiRNA and then were randomly divided into air group without interference,hyperoxia group without interference,air group after interference,and hyperoxia group after interference.After exposure to oxygen or room air for 12,24 and 48 h,expressions of Trx-2,ND1 and COX Ⅰ mRNA of these cells were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and Trx-2 protein was detected by Western blot. Results (1)Sequence-specific SiRNAtargeting Trx-2 could significantly down-regulate its expression in A549 cells.(2)Trx-2 mRNA levds inhyperoxia group without interference at 24 h was higher than those in air group without interference(0.7799±0.1249 VS 0.4424±Ⅰ.1140,P<0.05).Th-2 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group after ireedcrence at 24 hand 48 h were 0.2774±0.0174 and 0.2587±0.0069,lower than those in air group after interference andhyperoxia group without interference (P<0.05).(3)ND1 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group without interference at 24 h was 0.6609±0.0368,lower than those in air group without interference(0.8898±0.1049)(P<0.05).ND1 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group after interference at 12 h was 0.8848±0.0135,higher than those in air group after imederence(P<0.05).ND1 mRNA levels in hypemxia group afterinterference at 48 h was 0.3808±0.0937,lower than those in air group after imerference and hyperoxiagroup without interference(P<0.05).(4)COXI mRNA levels in hypemxia group without inteference at 12,24 and 48 h were 1.7313±0.4331,2.1929±0.6722 and 2.0754±0.2584,higher than those in air group witheUt interference,respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions ND1 and COXⅠ participate in thedevelopment of hyperoxia indUCed lung.injury,and Trx-2 is likely to have protective effect on mitochondria ofA549 cells in hyperoxia lung injury.

This study investigated the effects of hyperoxia on dynamic changes of thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1) in alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) of premature rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed on day 19 of gestation. AECII were isolated and purified from the lungs of premature rats. When cultured to 80% confluence, in vitro cells were randomly divided into air group and hyperoxia group. Cells in the hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to 95% O(2)/5% CO(2) and those in the air group to 95% air/5% CO(2). After 12, 24 and 48 h, cells in the two groups were harvested to detect their reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, TrxR1 activity and the expressions of Trx1 and TrxR1 by corresponding protocols, respectively. The results showed that AEC II exposed to hyperoxia generated excessive ROS and the apoptosis percentage in the hyperoxia group was increased significantly at each time points as compared with that in the air group (P<0.001). Moreover, TrxR1 activity was found to be markedly depressed in the hyperoxia group in comparison to that in the air group (P<0.001). RT-PCR showed the expressions of both Trx1 and TrxR1 mRNA were significantly increased in AECII exposed to hyperoxia for 12 and 24 h (P<0.01), respectively. At 48 h, the level of Trx1 mRNA as well as that of TrxR1 mRNA in the hyperoxia group was reduced and showed no significant difference from that in the air group (P>0.05). Western blotting showed the changes of Trx1 protein expressions in the hyperoxia group paralleled those of Trx1 mRNA expressions revealed by RT-PCR. It was concluded that hyperoxia can up-regulate the protective Trx1/TrxR1 expressed by AECII in a certain period, however, also cause dysfunction of the cytoplasmic thioredoxin system by decreasing TrxR1 activity, which may contribute to the progression of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis and finally result in lung injury.

Aim To study the effect of Baoxinbao film on endothelin(ET) and nitric oxide(NO) secretion in patients with stable angina pectoris(SAP).Methods 76 patients with SAP were randomly divided into two groups, with 40 cases in the baoxinbao group plastered with baoxinbao film and 36 cases in the isosorbide dinitrate group receiving isosorbide dinitrate. The levels of plasma ET and NO before and after treatment were observed. Results The concentrations of plasma ET were increased and plasma NO reduced significantly in the SAP patients respectively, as compared with those in the control group(all P

OBJECTIVETo develop a draft questionnaire (China Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, CMQ) for evaluating of musculoskeletal workload and associated potential hazardous working conditions as well as musculoskeletal symptoms of workers in Sitting Posture.

METHODSMulti-methods, which include the reviewing references, the summarizing results of preliminary studies, the reviewing ergonomic tools, the consulting experts and occupational health workers and the interviewing or discussing with individual workers in sitting posture, were used in developing item pool. The experts and epidemiologists of occupational health scored the importance of every single item in the item pool, and then the survey and sampling were carried out in 325 workers of sitting posture who completed the questionnaire. On the basis of these data, the methods including experts scoring, item analysis, Cronbach's α analysis and factor analysis were synthetically used to select the reliable items which consisted of the formal questionnaire.

RESULTSThe standard of the CMQ, which consists of 34 items on musculoskeletal workload and associated potentially hazardous working conditions, can be divided into nine indices (dynamic loads, static loads, repetitive loads, forces-exertion, prolong time, climatic factors, vibration, position and ergonomic environmental factors).

CONCLUSIONThe CMQ possesses good content validity, and the items of CMQ are divergent, reliable and typical. However, the reliability and validity of CMQ should be validated.

China ; Ergonomics ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal System ; Occupational Health ; Posture ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload

OBJECTIVETo study the result of removing impurity from water-extraction of Gutianquan-capsule with macro-reticular absorbing resin, chitosans clarification, water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation methods.

METHODCoefficient of Unguent of macro-reticular absorbing resin, chitosans clarification method, water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation methods were compared, and qualitative assay of Ginsenoside Rg1, Re, and snide measurement of Ginsenoside Rg1, Ferulic acid, and stability experiment were made.

RESULTCoefficient of Unguent of water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method was 17.2%, Coefficient of Unguent of chitosans clarification method was 12.8%, and macro-reticular absorbing resin method was 3.1%. They could clarify liquor of water-extraction.

CONCLUSIONChitosans clarification method is suitable for process of Gutianquan-capsule.

Animals ; Capsules ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; Chitosan ; Coumaric Acids ; analysis ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Contamination ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Mantodea ; chemistry ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene (MCP-1) -2518A/G polymorphism and acute pancreatitis (AP) in the Han population of Suzhou, China.

METHODSThe polymorphisms were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The genotypes and allele frequencies of MCP-1 -2518A/G were calculated and analyzed in 101 AP patients including 78 mild AP (MAP) patients and 23 severe AP (SAP) patients, and 120 healthy individuals as control group.

RESULTSThe frequency of MCP-1 -2518 AA genotype in control group was significantly higher than that in SAP and MAP groups (P < 0.01). People with AG and GG genotypes had 5.896 times risk of developing MAP (P < 0.01, OR=5.896) compared with people with AA genotype. Subjects carrying G allele were at a 7-fold elevated risk for SAP (P < 0.05, OR=7.011) contrasted with subjects carrying AA genotype. However, no difference in AA genotypic distribution was noted between MAP and SAP groups (chi square=0.006, P=0.997). The frequency of G allele in healthy controls was obviously lower than that in MAP (P < 0.01, OR=0.318) and SAP groups (P < 0.01, OR=0.309). No difference of G allele frequency was found between SAP group and MAP group (P=0.623, OR=1.211).

CONCLUSIONThe MCP-1 -2518 AA genotype of the population in Suzhou may be a protective genotype of AP. People with higher frequency of G allele is more likely to suffer from AP. Nonetheless, the genotype of AA and the frequency of G allele couldn't predict the risk of SAP.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CCL2 ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide