Objective To observe the curative effect of acupuncture on insulin receptor substrate 1 ( IRS-1) , IRS-2 and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle of experimental rats with insulin resistance (IR) . Methods Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, acupuncture normal group and acupuncture model group. The fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) level was detected with glucose oxidase method, fasting insulin and C-peptide ( C-P) were examined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) , insulin sensitivity index ( ISI) was calculated, and IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of skeletal muscle were observed by real-time PCR-based fluorescent assay in each group. Results Compared to the normal group, the FPG, FINS, C-P levels were increased dramatically (P<0.01), ISI, IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of the model group declined remarkably ( P<0.01). Compared to the model group, the FPG, FINS, C-P levels declined evidently ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) , and ISI, IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA of the acupuncture model group were increased dramatically ( P<0.01). Conclusion The curative mechanism of acupuncture for insulin resistance is probably related to the increase of IRS-1 mRNA, IRS-2 mRNA and GLUT4 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle which contributes to the improvement of PI3K signal pathway.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids.Methods To retrospectively anabpe the clinical data of 61 patients with procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids of Inner Mongolia medical school affiliated hospitals form 2002 to 2009.Results The average time of operation was 20～30 minutes.After operation,2 cases appeared urine retention,2 cases appeared bleeding and 1 case appeared prolapse lightly.The average time of being hospitalized was 5 days.The curative effect of allpatients was well after 1～6 years follow-up.Conclusion It was a safe and effective method to use procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids,but the longterm curative effect of it still need further observation.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a fast,accurate,programmed and automatic mode for the statistical analysis of drug in-formation data so as to achieve the compatibility and the switching among multiple forms and the sharing of data information. METHODS:Common Excel commands and functions as well as their use methods were introduced and analyzed combined with drug information statistics cases. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:By taking steps such as exporting raw data,designing drug infor-mation sheets and summarizing drug raw data with the pivot table,the data of the drugs purchased by the hospital in a manner of centralized bidding and national essential drugs purchased can be calculated on the basis of different periods of time to fast and accu-rately search for drug data,facilitate data induction and processing and shorten statistics cycle. The above-mentioned steps are well applicable,easy to master,efficient and fast,reliable in the check of results and data,and suitable for the statistics for hospital drug information and other fields.

Objective: To investigate the trends in incidence and mortality of stroke in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for improving the stroke control strategy in Ningbo City. Methods: Data pertaining to the stroke incidence and mortality in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021 were captured from Ningbo Municipal Chronic Disease Collaborative Management System, and the incidence and mortality of stroke was estimated and standardized by the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The trends in incidence and mortality of stroke were evaluated using annual percent change (APC) in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021. Results: A total of 185 747 residents with stroke were reported in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021. The crude incidence of stroke was 312.78/105 in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021, which appeared a tendency towards a rise (APC=2.429%, t=5.507, P<0.001), and the standardized incidence of stroke was 188.86/105, with no remarkable changes seen (APC=-0.399%, t=-1.544, P=0.161). There were 47 355 deaths due to stroke in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021, and the crude and standardized mortality rates were 79.74/105 and 42.79/105, which both appeared a tendency towards a decline (APC=-4.778%, t=-6.867, P<0.001; APC=-8.269%, t=-13.729, P<0.001). Higher standardized incidence and mortality were seen among men (226.05/105 and 50.14/105) than among women (153.37/105 and 35.89/105), and the crude incidence and mortality of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (χ2trend=3 671.325, 1 419.107, both P<0.001). The standardized incidence and mortality of hemorrhagic stroke were 40.38/105 and 18.56/105, both showing a tendency towards a decline (APC=-5.042%, t=-12.958, P<0.001; APC=-11.570%, t=-14.979, P<0.001), and the standardized incidence of ischemic stroke was 143.91/105, appearing a tendency towards a rise (APC=1.254%, t=3.223, P=0.012), while the standardized mortality of ischemic stroke was 19.65/105, with no obvious changes seen (APC=-2.110%, t=-2.150, P=0.064). Conclusions The incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise and the mortality appeared a tendency towards a decline in Ningbo City from 2012 to 2021. Men and the elderly are at high risk of stroke.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of sertraline on cytokine balance in patients with depression. METHODS: Serum levels of interleukin2(IL-2), interleukin12(IL-12), interleukin4(IL-4), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?1) were measured in 26 patients with depression(depression group) before and after treatment and 28 healthy volunteers (control group) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: As compared with control group, in depression group the serum levels of IL-2, IL-12, TNF-? were significantly higher than in control group; the serum levels of IL-4, TGF-?1 were significantly lower than in control group(P

BACKGROUND: The minimally invasive axial lumbar interbody approach (AxiaLIF) for L4–S1 fusion has been applied in America and Europe, and has obtained satisfactory curative efficacy. Because of significant anatomical differences between Chinese and Europeans and Americans, whether AxiaLIF is appropriate for Chinese remains unclear. Moreover,there are some problems in the application of AxiaLIF, so how to optimize AxiaLIF is a key to its promotion in China.OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomical data for the design of axial screws suitable for Chinese through measuring the mid axial line of the lateral lumbar radiograph and cross sections of L5 and S1 on lumbar CT in normal Chinese population.METHODS: The lateral lumbar radiographs from Chinese healthy population were selected, including 35 males and 30 females, the axial height of S1, the disc distance between L5 and S1, and the axial height of L5 were measured so as to provide anatomical data for designing the length of the axial screw. The transverse and sagittal diameters of L5 and S1 in the lumbar CT of 26 adult healthy males and 24 healthy females were measured to provide anatomical data for designing the diameter of the axial screw.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The axial height of S1 in males and females was (26.76±3.94) mm and (22.91±2.91) mm, respectively (P < 0.05). The disc distance between L5 and S1 was (12.62±1.90) mm for males and (11.92±1.78) mm for females (P > 0.05). The axial height of L5 was (29.12±2.18) mm for males and (26.91±2.47) mm for females (P <0.05). (2) The transverse diameter of S1 was (49.14±4.14) mm for males and (46.11±4.44) mm for females (P < 0.05).The transverse diameter of L5 was (41.34±4.31) mm for males and (43.12±3.71) mm for females (P < 0.05). The sagittal diameter of L5 was (34.48±2.32) mm for males and (33.03±3.48) mm for females, and the sagittal diameter of S1 was (35.65±4.28) mm for males and (33.53±3.26) for females, (both P > 0.05). (3) That is to say, this study provides the anatomical data for designing the axial screws suitable for the lumbar fusion of Chinese by measuring the mid axial line of the lateral lumbar radiographs and the cross sections of L5 and S1 on lumbar CT. The image measurement method can be used to analyze the preoperative images of the patients to predict the feasibility of the surgical approach and pre-select the internal fixation model for personalized screw positioning.

BACKGROUND:Colagen hydrogel provides good matrix support for hepatocyte growth and tissue reconstruction, and the colagen-based engineered tissue is easy to merge the growth and form integrated tissue. OBJECTIVE:To improve the thickness of engineered hepatic tissue by dissociating hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composite into smal hepatic units that accumulate in the subcutaneous cavity. METHODS:Freshly isolated hepatocytes from rats were mixed with colagen hydrogel to establish hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composite. The hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composite was dissociated into smal hepatic units after being cured. The undissociated hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composite was taken as a control. Six Spraque-Dawley rats were enroled. Three of them were subjected to a two-thirds partial hepatectomy to induce liver regeneration. Dissociated and undissociated hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composites were implanted into the bilateral inguinal subcutaneous cavity. Dissociated and undissociated hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel composites were implanted into the bilateral inguinal subcutaneous cavity of the other three rats. At the 7th day after transplantation, engineered hepatic tissue formation was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining and India ink perfusion methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The grafts in these two groups al formed vascular engineered hepatic tissue in the subcutaneous cavity, but after the smal hepatic units merged, a large piece of vascular engineered hepatic tissue formed. The hepatic tissue thickness was up to 4 mm. The whole piece of implanted liver grafts only formed smal pieces of hepatic tissues, with only several layers of cels. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that the hepatocytes in vascular engineered hepatic tissue had the characteristics and functions of natural hepatocytes. Partial hepatectomy experiment showed that engineered hepatic tissue had the ability to respond to regenerative stimulus of partial hepatectomy. These results show that dissociating the hepatocytes/colagen hydrogel grafts into smal units that accumlate in the subcutaneous cavity can increase the thickness of the engineered hepatic tissue.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is the first rate-limiting enzyme for sesquiterpene synthesis in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. The specific primers were designed according to the transcript sequence of AsHMGR2 from the Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg transcriptome database. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 was cloned by RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology, and was analyzed at bioinformatics levels; AsHMGR2 expression profiles in different tissues and in responds to different treatments were analyzed by real-time PCR. The length of AsHMGR2 Open Reading Frame (ORF) was 1 749 bp, encoding 582 amino acids. The GenBank accession number is KC140287. Tissue expression analysis indicated that AsHMGR2 was mainly expressed in root and shoot tips, followed by stem, and was lowest in leaves. Inducible-experiments showed that the genes were induced by mechanical wound as well as chemical liquid induction, and reached the highest expression level at 6 h and 8 h, separately. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 and its expression patterns will provide a foundation for further research on its function in agarwood sesquiterpene biosynthesis.

Objective To study the possible reasons and the processing strategy of brain injury operation complicated with intracranial hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data about 22 patients who were digged skull operation because of brain injury and complicated with intracranial hemorrhage in operation in neurosurgery from 2007 June to 2008 February were retrospectively analyzed,and different types intracranial hemorrhage were classified.Results In 22 patients,12 patients were complicated with epidural hematoma,in which the patients (9/12,75.0%) complicated with opposite hematoma were common;5 patients were complicated with intracerebral hematoma,in which the patients (3/5,60%) complicated with ipsilateral hematoma were common;4 patients were complicated with acute subdural hematoma,and all the patients complicated with opposite hematoma;1 patient was complicated with sub-flap hematoma.Conclusions In the patients who are complicated with intracranial hemorrhage because of digging skull operation to brain injury,epidural hematoma are most,then intracerebral hematoma,subdural hematoma,sub-flap hematoma.The important measures of preventing secondary intracranial hemorrhage are definiting force mechanism and distinguishing fracture line before operation,gradiently decompressing,completely removing crushing brain tissue,protecting reflux veins,rigorously stopping bleeding during operation.

Objective To optimize the formative technology for Zhuqi Fugan Granules. Methods By using orthogonal experiment design, and setting parameters of granules as determination standards, concrete density, excipient types and dosage, and consentration of wetting agent were optimized to determine the optimal conditions. Results The optimal forming technology was as follows:The optimal ratio of starch to micrite cellulose was 3∶2;the optimal density of extration was 1.20;the ratio of concrete to excipient was 1∶1;the optimal concentration of wetting agent was 80% of ethyl alcohol. Zhuqi Fugan Granule enjoyed good mobility and with a critical relative humidity of 67%. Conclusion Parameters of Zhuqi Fugan Granules prepared by this method are satisfying, with stable properties and low moisture absorbtion. This preparation technology is simple and feasible.