The HIV-1 capsid protein plays a crucial role in viral infectivity, assembling into a fullerene cone that encloses the viral RNA and it has gained attention as a promising therapeutic target. Research has been focused on the spatial structures of capsid proteins in recent years, and peptides and small molecules targeting capsid have been discovered. In this article, it summarizes the structure information of capsid protein, analyzes and compares the binding information of different peptides and small molecules targeting capsid. At the same time we give the perspective to the future drug discovery based on the protein-protein interaction during the maturation process.
Capsid ; chemistry ; Drug Discovery ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; HIV-1 ; chemistry

Objective To discuss postoperative analgesia effect of patient automatic controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and cocktail therapy (CT) after total hip replacement. Methods Eighty-eighty patients of selective total hip replacement were selected, and the patients were divided into PCEA group and CT group by random digits table method with 44 cases each. The postoperative resting state and active state visual analogue score (VAS), dosage of opioid, discharge time, postoperative complications, postoperative sleep quality score and hip joint mobility were compared between 2 groups. Results The resting state and active state VAS in PCEA group 12, 24 and 48 h after operation were significantly lower than those in CT group, resting state: (3.68 ± 1.45) scores vs. (4.23 ± 1.14) scores, (2.61 ± 1.04) scores vs. (3.92 ± 1.23) scores and (2.31 ± 0.97) scores vs. (3.56 ± 1.21) scores, active state:(4.54 ± 1.63) scores vs. (5.87 ± 2.11) scores, (3.51 ± 0.94) scores vs. (4.34 ± 1.07) scores and (3.01 ± 0.95) scores vs. (4.05 ± 1.17) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). But there were no statistical differences in VAS 72 h after operation and at discharge between 2 groups (P>0.05). The dosage of opioid in PCEA group was significantly lower than that in CT group:(9.58 ± 5.35) mg vs. (11.27 ± 4.48) mg, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). The incidences of nausea vomiting and headache dizziness in CT group were significantly lower than those in PCEA group: 20.45% (9/44) vs. 45.45% (20/44) and 4.55% (2/44) vs. 13.64% (6/44), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in length of hospital stay, postoperative sleep quality score and postoperative hip joint mobility between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Choice of analgesic regimen of choice should not be made only according to the length of hospital stay. Individualized treatment is recommended. According to specific circumstances and needs of patients, patients with less anesthetics and a tendency to nausea should use PCEA, and for chronic pain patients CT may be more effective.

The HIV-1 capsid protein plays a crucial role in viral infectivity, assembling into a fullerene cone that encloses the viral RNA and it has gained attention as a promising therapeutic target. Research has been focused on the spatial structures of capsid proteins in recent years, and peptides and small molecules targeting capsid have been discovered. In this article, it summarizes the structure information of capsid protein, analyzes and compares the binding information of different peptides and small molecules targeting capsid. At the same time we give the perspective to the future drug discovery based on the protein-protein interaction during the maturation process.

Objective To investigate the value of DNA image cytometry in thediagnose of benign and malignant pleuroperitoneal fluids by comparing with the liquid-based cytological results. Methods There were 417 cases in-volved in this study. Pap stain for cytology analysis and feulgen stain for DNA image cytometry were used to identify benign and malignant pleuroperitoneal fluids respectively,then compared the results of the two methods. Results Clinically or pathologically,213 were classified as malignant and the other 204 as benign. The sensitivity, specifici-ty,accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictivevalue of DNA image cytometry were 89. 7%,100%, 94. 7%,100%,and 90. 3%,respectively. However,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of liquid-based cytology were 63. 4%, 81. 9%, 72. 4%, 78. 5%, and 68. 2%, re-spectively. There were significant differences in thesensitivity, specificity,accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictivevalue. Conclusion DNA image cytometry has great application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant pleuroperitoneal fluids, and can increase the positive rate, reduce misdiagnosed rate with liquid-based cytology.

AlM: To learn the changes of the tear film before and after the trabeculectomy of glaucoma and explore the incidence of dry eye and the prevention and control measures.METHODS:The 36 patients (60 eyes) of glaucoma were examined in detail before 3d of trabeculectomy and after the surgery at 3, 7, 14 and 30d. The examinations include lower eyelid central river of tears, break-up time ( BUT) , Schirmer I test ( S I t ) and staining scores of corneal fluorescein under slit lamp microscope.RESULTS:The tear meniscus height of central lower eyelid was increased and the tear film BUT was shortened at the same time, the scores of S I t was reduced and corneal fluorescein staining score was increased at postoperative 3 and 7d compared with that of preoperation. The tear meniscus height of central lower eyelid, tear film BUT and Slt and score of corneal fluorescein staining began to recover in most of the affected eyes after surgery 14d. At 30d after surgery, 22%of patients tear film failed to recover to the preoperative level; dry eye occured in 18% preoperative eyes with normal tear film.CONCLUSlON:Trabeculectomy of glaucoma may affect the stability of the tear film and some patients showeing obvious dry eye and should be intervened and treatmented timely.

Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic inflammatory disease of arteries,induced by the injury of endothelial cells,accumulation of mononuclear macrophage and lipid,proliferation of smooth muscle cells and the adhesion of platelets.As a frequent disease and a common pathology in cardiovascular system.In fact,the inciting event of AS is likely an inflammatory insult that occurs decades before the disease becomes clinically apparent.More and more cases were also reported in the childhood recently.Therefore it is important both for clinic and research to investigate the cause and pathogenesis of AS.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2009,24(1):58-60

Congresses as Topic ; Medical Staff, Hospital ; organization & administration ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures

Muscle spasticity is one of the common complications in the paraplegic patients who suffer from spinal cord injury (SCI). Spasticity can result in limbs pain, joint contracture and malformation, then affects walking and the capability of keeping the posture in wheelchairs. Moreover, spasticity can increase the incidence rate of heterotopic ossification and fracture and seriously affects patients' daily life and rehabilitation therapy accordingly. There are many kinds of treatments aimed at spasticity at present, such as drug, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, nerve block treatment, operation treatment, and so on. However, single treatment doesn't achieve good effect. So it is common that many kinds of treatments are combined to treat spasticity. This article simply introduces the mechanism, symptom and evaluation of the muscle spasticity after SCI and discusses in full the treatment of the muscle spasticity by reviewing recent literatures.

Objective: To observe the protective effect of WenyangHuoxueFang on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats and try to explore the mechanism.Methods: The renal obstruction model of rats was established by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) ,and then they were divided into four groups randomly,including UUOW group(treated with WenyangHuoxueFang),UUOF group(treated with Fosinopril),UUO group and the sham-operation group.The morphological changes of kidney tissue were observed,the level of RBP was detected by ELISA,the expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 was detected by immuno-histochemistry.Results: Compared with the sham-operation group,there were different degrees of kidney lesions in UUO group and the treatment groups.The level of RBP in UUO group was significantly higher than that in sham-operation group.Compared with UUO group,the RBP expression in UUOF group and UUOW group was significantly lower(P0.05).The expressions of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in UUO group were increased,and the amplitude of increasing expression of TIMP-1 was higher than that of MMP-3.The treatment groups had higher expression of MMP-3(P

Objective To investigate the association of blood transfusion volume with early death among recipients with known duration of infection in rural central China. Methods From January 1, 1999 to December 30, 2003, 76 individuals with duration of blood transfusion who met the study criterion had been found to be infected in the HIV/AIDS notified system in rural of Yuncheng Prefecture of Shanxi Province, China. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate Socio-demographic characteristics, transfusion volume, and mortality. Cox' proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the data. Results By December 30, 2003, among 76 subjects with transfusion-acquired HIV infection, 24 recipients had died. Mortality rate and median survival was 45.64 and 8.3 per 1000 person years, respectively. Transfusion volume (HR=3.12, 95% CI: 1.18～8.25; P=0.0218) was significantly associated with mortality in recipients in the multiply Cox' proportional hazard regression model. Conclusions This study suggests that more units of transfusion in recipients with known duration of HIV infection can influence time to death in recipients in China.