Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; etiology ; surgery ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical ; methods

Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Liver Transplantation ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic

This article elucidates the relationship between the human susceptibility to obesity and gene polymorphisms such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors(PPARs)and PPAR?coactivator-1,along with milestones in the formation and development of capacity for fat deposition during evolutionary history of human.An biological evolutionary analysis,identifying factors favoring the energy stores,may be helpful to the development of preventive public health strategies.

Objective To establish a quality standard of Hovenia dulics Thunb. Method The presence of quercetin was identified and assayed by TLC and HPLC, respectively. Result Linearity of marker was obtained over the range of 1.32 ～ 5.28 ?g (r =0.9999). The average recovery rate was 98.78% (RSD=1.08%). Conclusion TLC is specific. The method of quality is accurate, reappearance, simple, rapid, and suitable for the quality control of Hovenia dulcis Thunb.

Objective: To study the bioactivity of human cementum extract . Methods: Cementum was harvested from freshly extracted heatlhy teeth and cementum extract was prepared by guanidine. Human gingival fibroblast and MC3T3 E1 osteoblast were cultured. The cells were incubated in DMEM with cementum extract concentration 0, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 ?g/ml for an hour respectively, the cell attachment rate was measured by cell counting. The attachment rate of the cells in different incubation time(30 min,60 min, 90 min, 120 min) in DMEM containing 10 ?g/ml cementum extract was also assayed.Results: The extract increased the cell attachment rate in a concentration and time dependent effect. The extract at the concentration of 10 ?g/ml and with exposuse time of 90 min gave the most effective increase of cell attachment. Conclusion: Human cementum extract prepared by guanidine contains some bioactive proteins that promote the attachment of gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts.

Vitreo-retinal surgery is one of the effective methods in treating severe vitreoretinopathy.However,there remains great variance in surgical quality,outcomes and success rates among hospitals of different areas in China.This article focuses on how to im- prove in surgical outcomes and success rate as well as to avoid complications of vitreo-retinal surgery.Specific issues are addressed on such as indications and timing of vitreo-retinal surgery,management of pre-operative patients,applications of new appliances and mate- rials,maneuver of surgical techniques and nurturing appropriate habits of surgery.

Garcinia plants are one of the rich sources of natural xanthones and benzophenones which have attracted a great deal of attention from the scientists in the fields of chemistry and pharmacology. Recently, many structurally unique constituents with various bioactivities, especially anti-tumor activity, have been isolated from Garcinia plants. This concise review focused on the anti-cancer activity natural products isolated from Chinese Garcinia plants, and the research finding by authors and collaborators over the past several years were cited.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzophenones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Garcinia ; chemistry ; classification ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Terpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Xanthones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiation effects

Fluorescence enhancement reaction of flavoxate hydrochloride (FX) in strong alkali solution was studied, the mechanism of the reaction was investigated, and a novel fluorimetric method for analysis of FX in drug sample was established. FX has no intrinsic fluorescence, but it can slowly produce fluorescence in strong alkali solution. Heating can promote the fluorescence enhancement reaction. In 3D fluorescence spectra of the decomposition product of FX, two fluorescence peaks, located respectively at excitation wavelengths λex/ emission wavelength λem =223/410 nm, and 302/410 nm, were observed. Using quinine sulfate as a reference, fluorescence quantum yield of the decomposition product was measured to be 0.50. The structural characteriza- tion and spectral analysis of the decomposition product reveal that ester bond hydrolysis reaction of FX is firstly occurred during heating process, forming 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid (MFA), then a cleavage reaction of the γ-pyrone ring of MFA occurred, producing α, β-unsaturated ketone. This product includes adjacent hydroxyl benzoic acid group in its molecule, which can form intramolecular hydrogen bond under alkaline condition, so that increase the conjugate degree and enhance the rigidity of the molecule, and thereby cause fluorescence enhancement. Based on this fluorescence enhancement reaction, a fluorimetric method was proposed for the determination of FX. A linear calibration curve covered the concentration range 0.020 3-0.487 µg · mL. The regression equation was I(F) = 23.9 + 5357.3 c, with correlation coefficient r = 0.999 7 (n = 8), detection limit D = 1.1 ng · mL(-1). The method was applied to the analysis of FX tablets, with a spiked recovery rate of 100.2%. The reliability of the method was verified by a UV-spectrophotometric method.
Alkalies ; Calibration ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Flavoxate ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Fluorescence ; Limit of Detection ; Reproducibility of Results ; Solutions ; Tablets

Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (AMDV) causes a persistent infection associated with immune complex disease, hypergammaglobulinemia, and high levels of antiviral antibodies. Despite the presence of an antibody, the virus is not cleared in vivo. Pre-existing antibodies may enhance viral infections, by Fc-receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), but the mechanism that underlies ADE has not been fully defined. Three models have been proposed, including: (1) interactions between antibody and FcR, complement C3 fragment and CR, or between C1q and C1qR, which promotes viral attachment to cells; (2) suppression of IFN-gamma-mediated host-cell antiviral gene expression by the upregulation of negative regulators of pathogen pattern recognition; and (3) the promotion of early IL-10 secretion. In addition, the role of cytokine IL-6 in ADE mediated disease development is discussed, to facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AMDV infection, as well as give insights into rational vaccine design approaches.
Aleutian Mink Disease ; immunology ; virology ; Aleutian Mink Disease Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Antibody-Dependent Enhancement ; Mink ; immunology ; virology