BACKGROUND: Transcranial Doppler(TCD) spectrum analysis techniques cannot measure the diameters of blood vessels and therefore and not be used to calculate the changes of brain blood flow. A formula was designed for regional cerebral blood flow loss index(rCBFLI) following arteriostenosis when arteriostenosis index formula was deduced; the former may provide a reference to assess cerebral function.OBJECTIVE: To introduce the formula of cerebral blood flow loss ratio obtained basing on TCD results.DESIGN: Retrospective controlled study based on patients with cerebral middle arteriostenosis diagnosed with TCD and healthy people.SETTING: At the departments of neurology in a university hospital and in a military medical university affiliated hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Between October 1994 and December 2000,43 patients who were confirmed of arteriostenosis with TCD at outpatient or neurological ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were enrolled into this study,and their TCD results were compared with 908 normal controls between March 1992 and September 2000.METHODS: Stenosis index (STI) formula was deduced from TCD results of 31unilateral and 12 bilateral stenoses at middle cerebral artery(MCA) . STI = 1- [ normal average blood velocity (Vm0) ÷ average blood velocity at stenosisSince(PI1 ÷PI0) may be equal to [post-stenosis blood flow(Q1) ÷ normal blood flow(Q0)],regional cerebral blood flow loss index is concluded as:MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: rCBFLI,relationship between STI and Vm,as well as between rCBFLI and STI.RESULTS: rCBFLI formula was used to calculate the rCBFLI of 31 patients following unilateral MCA stenosis. rCBFLI of these 31 patients was obtained by Pearson statistical analysis. STI was found to be related to the average blood velocity at stenosis with relative coefficient(Vm) of(r) =0.76( P ＜ 0. 001 )and r = 0. 83 ( P ＜ 0. 001 ) . rCBFLI was proved to be correlated with Vm and STI with r = 0. 76( P ＜ 0. 01 ) and r = 0. 81 in 55 side MCA stenoses,and the difference was of statistical significance( P ＜ 0. 001 ).CONCLUSION: rCBFLI can be used to assess the decrement of regional brain blood flow due to the stenosis of supplying artery; also,it can be used to observe the changes of brain hemodynamics if combined with STI.

Objective: To study whether the bond strength between enamel and composite resin could be enhanced by intraoral sand abrasive. Methods: Ten human maxillary first incisior teeth were divided into 2 groups The experimental group was sandblasted with 30 ?m Al 2O 3 (CoJet Sand, pressure 300 kPa) from a distance of 5 mm for 5 seconds, and the control group were not sandblasted. The Herculite composite resin composite cylinders were bonded with Coltene system. Bonded specimens were stored in 37 ℃ distilled water for 24 h, then were subjected to shear force in a testing machine Stress at failure was calculated in Mpa, and mode of failure was recorded. The Student t test was applied to the data. Results: The shear bond strength of experimental groups was (33.0?1.8) MPa , and that of control groups was (26.7?5.2) MPa ,there was significant difference between these two groups. All the adhesive failures happened at the enamel composite resin interface , except that cohesive failure happened in one sandblasted specimen. Conclusion: Intraoral sandblasting could significantly enhance the shear bond strength between enamel and composite resin.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of OPN in human breast cancer cell line ( MDA-MB-231) by using small interfering RNA to specifically knockdown OPN expression. MethodsOPN ShRNA expression vector was stably transfected to MDA-MB-231 cell line.The expression of OPN mRNA and protein were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)and Western blot,respectively.The growth of MDA-MB-231 cells were observed by MTT.The effect of OPN siRNA on the transplanted tumor growth and tumor hypoxia were assessed in nude mice. ResultsThe expression level of OPN in MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly lower under hypoxia or normoxia(P ＜ 0.05 ).OPN silence with RNAi significantly inhibited the invasion ability and proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cell lines (P ＜ 0.01 ).Inhibition of OPN with RNAi significantly inhibited the growth ability of MDA-MB-231 cells in vivo(P ＜0.05).The tumor hypoxia significantly decreased(P ＜ 0.05). ConclusionsOPN silence with RNAi can effectively inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 cells,and decrease the bypoxia level of MDA-MB-231 transplanted tumor in nude mice.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement for acute cervical radiculopathy. Methods: A total of 85 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an observation group and a control group by random numbers, with 43 cases in the observation group and 42 cases in the control group. The observation group was treated with Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement;while the control group was treated with Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position. The treatment was performed once a day, 10 times as a treatment course. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 1 treatment course, and the changes in the scores of visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 97.7% in the observation group, and 83.3% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After treatment, the VAS and NDI scores of both groups were significantly decreased (both P＜0.01), and the differences in the VAS and NDI scores between the two groups were statistically significant (both P＜0.01). Conclusion: Both Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement and Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position can relieve pain and improve cervical function in patients with acute cervical radiculopathy, and Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement can produce more significant efficacy than Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in has-mir-125a-5p rs12975333 and the expression of has-mir-125a-5p and clinicopathological cheracteristics of female breast cancer in Han Chinese women. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes. taqman-MGB assay was used to type breast cancer of 338 cases and 338 controls. Expression levels of has-mir-125a-5p in 289 biopsies were examined using stem-loop real-time RTPCR and the clinicopathological cheracteristics of breast cancer were evaluated. Result The gene frequencies (GG,GT,TT) of rsl2975333 in the patients were GG 273 (94. 5% ), GT 16 (5.5%),TT 0(0%), while in breast fibroadenoma and controls there were GG 49 ( 100% ), 338 (100%). The expression level of has-mir-125a-5p in breast cancer(0. 19 ±0. 04) was lower than that in the matched nontumor adjacent tissue specimens (0. 37 ± 0. 05 ) ( P = 0. 04 ) .The expression level of minor T allele of mature miR-125a in breast cancer patients was lower than that in has-mir-125a-5p-GG carying(P =0.022). The expression of has-mir-125a-5p was down-regulated in primary breast cancer, especially in elder patients ( P = 0. 036) and lymph node metastasis groups (P = 0. 001) and with negative ERBB2 (P = 0. 007), ERBB3 (P =0. 04). Conclusions rs12975333 polymorphisms in has-mir-125a-5p gene may work as a risk factor of breast cancer in Han Chinese women. The altered expression of has-mir-125a-5p might play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of breast carcinoma.

Objective To explore what kind of role serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 18 ( IL-18) play in the relationship between type D personality and acute coronary syndrom (ACS)prognosis.Methods Serum levels of IL-6,IL-18 in all 214 ACS patients were measured with ELISA.According to the scores of type D personality scale(DS14) ,the subjects were divided into the group with type D personality (50 cases)and the one without type D personality ( 164 cases).The serum IL-6 and IL-18 level between the two groups were detected and analyzed.Results There were 23.36% ACS patients with type D personality.The serum IL-6, IL-18levels of the group with type D in ACS acute stage and ACS recovery stage were (2.340 ± 0.081 )OD, (2.016 ±0.023 ) OD and ( 1.460 ± 0.070 ) OD, ( 1.313 ± 0.012 ) OD respectively, significantly higher than those of the group without type D (2.178 ± 0.180)OD, ( 1.849 ± 0.159)OD and ( 1.387 ± 0.091 )OD, ( 1.196 ± 0.132 ) OD respectively(P＜0.01).Conclusion At home and abroad ,there are similar amount of ACS patients with type D personality.The high serum IL-6 and IL-18 levels may play an important role in pathogenesis of relationship between type D personality and ACS poor prognosis.

Finite element analysis (FEA) is broadly used in engineering, it was initially applied to simulate and solve a variety of engineering mechanics, thermal, electromagnetics, and other physical problems. The principle is a collective to be composed by an infinite number of particles, and an unlimited number of degrees of freedom from the continuum approximation. Brekelmas and Ryblcki firstly applied the finite element method to orthopedic biomechanics research in 1972. The first cervical vertebra finite element model was established in 1982 by Hosey. With the computer and software technology advances in the past 20 years, finite element method in cervical spine biomechanics studies is increased and widespread.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological ; Movement

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natural Killer T-Cells ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective:To analyse the relationship of ultrastructural changes of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and glomerular distributions of laminin α1 and laminin α5 in patients with Alport' s syndrome. Methods: Twenty patients with Alport' s syndrome were recruited. The thickness of GBM and the extension of thickening and splitting GBM were measured under transmission electron microscope. Normal renal tissues from 6 nephrectomies of renal carcinoma were taken as controls. Paraffin embedded sections of formalin-fixed renal tissue were processed for immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to laminin α1 and laminin α5. Their distributions in GBM were evaluated by a semiquantitative scale of positive extension; absent, 0≤25% , 1; 25%-50% , 2; 50%-75% , 3;≥75% , 4. Results: There were a variety of degrees of thickening or splitting GBM in patients with Alport' s syndrome. Laminin al was positive in glomerular mesangial area and absolutely negative in GBM and laminin α5 was evenly positive in GBM in normal tissue. In Alport' s syndrome, laminin α1 was much weaker in glomerular mesangial area, but strongly positive in GBM; laminin α5 in GBM was prominently reduced. There was a high negative correlation of semiquantitative scores between laminin al and laminin α5 (r =-0. 83, P＜0. 001). The extension of thickening or splitting GBM was positively correlated with scores of laminin al in GBM ( r = 0. 76, P＜0.001; r = 0. 56, P=0. 015 ) , and was negatively correlated with scores of laminin α5 in GBM ( r =-0. 59, P =0. 010; r=-0. 53, P =0.025). Conclusion: Abnormal distribution of laminin al and laminin α5 in GBM is correlated with GBM thickening and splitting in human Alport' s syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic value of MRI in radial head fracture with forearm interosseous membrane injuries.

METHODSFrom December 2011 to December 2012,26 patients with fractures of capitulum radial in our hospital were collected. There were 15 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 21 to 53 years old,with an average of 37.6 years old. All the patients visited hospital within 72 hours after injuries. X-ray radiography of full ulnar radial length in injured side, CT in injured side (three-dimensional reconstruction if necessary) and MRI (including the elbow and wrist joints) were performed within a week after the injury. The MRI manifestations of the forearm interosseous membrane (with or without damage, the injured location and the injury degree ) and the fractures degree of radial head were observed and compared for the relativity.

RESULTSRadial head fracture from Mason type I to III was associated with the forearm interosseous membrane injury. Radial head fracture degree was positive correlated with forearm interosseous membrane injury degree (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRadial head fracture with suspicious forearm interosseous membrane injury is necessary to take MRI for checking for any interosseous membrane injury and injury degree, then choose the right treatment for radial capitulum fracture, only in this way can be helpful for the functional recovery of elbow and forearm.

Adult ; Female ; Forearm ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Membranes ; injuries ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Young Adult