The adsorption and activation of dimethyl carbonate on the surface of solid base were investigated by in situ FTIR, and the solid bases included magnesia, magnesium fluoride, Mg-Al mixed oxide and fluorine-modified Mg-Al mixed oxide. The FTIR results showed that dimethyl carbonate adsorbed on the surface of solid based by two modes of bidentate and unidentate complex. The bidentate was more active than the unidentate. Methoxyl group was formed from the adsorbed dimethyl carbonate on the surface of magnesia and Mg-Al mixed oxide. And fluomethyl group was formed from the adsorbed dimethyl carbonate on the surface of sodium fluoride. However, dimethyl carbonate on the surface of fluorine-modified Mg-Al mixed oxide showed preference for generating fluomethyl group. With the increasing of the treating temperature of samples, the methoxyl group was gradually formed on the surface. Accordingly, the fluorine-modified Mg-Al mixed oxide was found to be an excellent catalyst for methylation.

Objective To assess the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue(GnRHa)with or without recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)treatment in Chinese short pubertal children with non-growth hormone deficiency.Methods Of 42 short pubertal children(14 males,28 females)without growth hormone deftcieney,the average age was(11.6±0.8)year.30 children were treated with slow release GnRHa with initial dose (100μg·kg-1·d-1,28d)and maintenance dose(60-80μg·kg-1·d-1,28d)labd rgGH with initial dose(0.15IU·kg-1·d-1)and maintenance dose(0.10-0.15IU·kg-1·d-1)for at least 1year.16 of them were still ongoing till the end of the second year.12 children were treated with GnRHa alone by initial dose(100μg·kg-1·d-1,28d)and maintenance dose (60-80μg·kg-1·d-1,28d),and 7 of them remained on it for 2 years.Dynamic changes including annual growth velocity(GV),bone age(BA)/chronologic age(CA)ratio,Tanner stage,height SDS for CA (HtSDSCA),height SDS for BA(HtSDSBA),and predicted adult height (PAHSDS)were observed.Results By the end of the first year tretment with combination therapy,the following parameters:GV,HtSDSCA,HtSDSBA,and PAHSDS all increased significantly(all P<0.05).Treatment with GnRHa alone did not yield significant changes in GV,HtSDSCA,HtSDSBA,and PAHSDS(all P>0.05).Changes in GV,HtSDSBA,and PAHSDS between these two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05).By the end of the second year treatment,in the combination group,GV slowed from 6.7 to 5.5 cm/year(P<0.05).HtSDSCA,HtSDSBA,PAHSDS increased(all P<0.05).In the group with GnRHa treatment alone,GV slowed from 4.0 to 3.6 cm/year(P>0.05).HtSDSCA,HtSDSBA,PAHSDS increased(all P>0.05).Changes in GV,HtSDSCA,HtSDSBA,and PAHSDS between these 2 groups were statistically significant respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion This combined treatment regimen significantly impreved the growth by increasing growth rate and delaying bone matumtion in pubertal chidren without growth hormone deficiency.Further study is needed to verify beneficial effects on the final height gain.

Objective To investigate the effect of L-selectin in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) of Wistar rats.Methods The rats were randomly divided into four groups;the normal group,the CFA group, the LMS group and the model group;The animal models were established in rats by immunization with myelin basic protein of spinal cord of guinea pig and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA).The symptom of EAE was observed; pathological feature and myelin of brain and spinal were detected with HE stain and Loyez's stain respectively.The number of positive vessels of L-selectin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results 100% experimental Wistar rats treated with MBP and levamisole developed EAE,but none of the other groups.The number of positive vessels of L-selectin expression was (31.86 ± 1.39) in model group, obviously higher than that of in the normal group (1.38 ±0.18) ,the CFA group( 1.50 ±0.27) and the LMS group(7.25 ±0.59) (all P <0.05) ;The inflammation cells were found around vessels and demyelination were seen in white matter of brain and spinal cords.Conclusion The expression of L-selectin should play an important role in EAE.

Objective To observe the final adult height (FAH) outcome and influencing factors in Turner′s Syndrome(TS) children treated with recombinant human growth hormone ( rhGH ).Methods Thirty TS children treated with rhGH were compared with 16 TS children without rhGH treatment and were followed up to achieve their FAH.Comparisons were made regarding predicted adult height (PAH),height standard deviation score for chronological age( HtSDScA ),height SDS for BA( HtSDSRA ),and growth velocity ( GV ) between rhGH treatment and without treatment groups and between the onset and by the end of rhGH treatment group.The factors determining FAH were also evaluated.Results FAH in rhGH treatment group was obviously improved as compared with untreatment group[ ( 149.5±6.3 vs 142.4±5.2) cm,P＜0.01 ].FAH in treatment group was positively correlated with height standard deviation score for chronological age ( Ht0 SDSCA ),Hto SDS for BA ( Hto SDSBA ),height age ( HA0 ) at preliminary diagnosis,and correlated with duration of rhGH therapy,duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy,and PAH0SDS at preliminary diagnosis.Stepwise regression analysis indicated that duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy and PAH0 SDS were the variables with the greatest identified influence on FAH (F =11.56 and F =86.91,P＜ 0.01 ).FAH in the 45,XO group was significantly different from the mosaicism group (45,XO/46,XX ) [ ( 147.2 ± 6.3 vs 153.3±6.4) cm,P =0.038].Conclusion rhGH treatment is efficacious in improving FAH of TS children,but a variability in the magnitude of the response to rhGH is recognized.Duration of estrogen-free rhGH therapy and PAH0SDS are the variables with the greatest identified influence on FAH,and karyotype may be one of the influence factors.rhGH treatment should be initiated as early as possible and sufficient course of estrogen-free rhGH therapy is needed to yield a satisfactory FAH.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of periodontal treatment on the clinical response, systemic inflammatory parameters, and metabolic control of type 2 diabetes patients with moderate to severe periodontitis.

METHODSA total of 56 patients with mean clinical attachment level (CAL)>3 mm were included in the subgroup analysis. A repeated-measures ANOVA (group factor: treatment group and control group; time factor: initial visit, 1.5, 3, and 6 months) was used to analyze the probing depth (PD), CAL, bleeding on probing (BOP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose.

RESULTSSignificantly lower PD (F=62.898, P-0.000), CAL (F=51.263, P-0.000), BOP (F=75.164, P=0.000), hsCRP (F=6.391, P=0.010), HbA1c(F=4.536, P=0.011), and fasting plasma glucose level (F= 3.073, P=0.031) were observed after therapeutic periodontal improvement. The inter-group differences for PD (t=-2.050, P=0.045), BOP (t=-4.538, P=0.000), and hsCRP (t=-2.261, P=0.028) were statistically significant after therapy.

CONCLUSIONNon-surgical periodontal treatment can effectively improve periodontal status, circulating inflammatory status, and metabolic control of diabetic patients with moderate to severe periodontitis.

AlM: To evaluate the effect of rigid gas permeable contact lens ( RGP ) in correcting high myopia and astigmatism.METHODS: Forty-one patients ( 65 eyes ) with myopia (-9. 03 ± 6. 19DS, maximum -23. 00DS) and astigmatism (-1. 41 ± 1. 32DC, maximum -5. 50DC) were fitted with RGP after strict routine ophthalmological examination, objective refraction and subjective refraction. All these patients were followed after 1wk, 1, 3mo and half one year.RESULTS:Sixty-five eyes were fitted with RGP (-9. 92± 5. 96DS). RGP base curve ( BC) was majorly located within the range 7. 20 ~8. 25mm. 46. 2% eyes with RGP achieved 1. 0 ( BCVA ) and 80. 1% achieved above 0. 6 ( BCVA) . However, with spectacles, the percent was 28%(1. 0) and 60% (>0. 6), respectively. BCVA of RGP was 0. 81 ± 0. 22, but BCVA with spectacles was 0. 66 ± 0. 28, there was statistical significance (P<0. 01). There were 40 eyes (62%) fitted with RGP whose vision were enhanced more than 1 line, 24 eyes ( 37%) whose vision were not changed and 1 eye (2%) whose vision were dropped 1 line.CONCLUSlON:RGP effectively improves visual acuity of high myopia and astigmatism compared with spectacles.

Objective To research the reality of ELISA testing results with negative anti-HBc and positive antiHBe.Methods CMIA was carried out to retest antiHBc and antiHBe of 105 samples which were initially tested to have negative antiHBc and positive antiHBe.Results Among the 105 samples retested by CMIA,there were three different results,positive antiH-Bc with positive antiHBe,negative antiHBc with negative antiHBe and positive antiHBc with negative antiHBe,whose pro-portions were 72.38%,21.91% and 5.71% respectively;the fasle negative rates of antiHBc were 78.10% in total and 93.33%,96.15% and 47.37% in 3 subgroup with S/CO 1.00~ 1.20,1.20~2.00 and 2.00~ 3.00,respectively;the true positive rates of antiHBe were 72.38% in total and 42.86%,88.14% and 56.25% in 3 subgroups with S/CO 0.00~0.10, 0.10~0.80 and 0.80 ~ 1.00,respectively.Conclusion HBV-M results with negative antiHBc and positive antiHBe by ELISA could give suggestive value and not reflect true information about antiHBc and antiHBe with three alternatives which would be obtained through retesting by a second assay.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and molecular pathological mechanism of McCune-Albright syndrome ( MAS) in order to provide a guidance for the precision medicine of MAS. Method The clinical data and genetic findings of 41 patients with MAS were analyzed retrospectively. Results (1) MAS girls had the phenotype of peripheral precocious puberty with premature sexual development and high estradiol, low LH and FSH, and the increased volume of uterus and ovary. ( 2 ) In 41 MAS cases, there were 17 cases with GNAS1 gene mutation, and the total positive rate was 41. 5%, of which the classic triad was 66. 7%, two signs 56. 3%, and 12. 5% in only one classic sign. GNAS1 gene mutation was found in 78. 6% of patients with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, while only 55. 0% in patients with cafe au lait skin spots. Children with precocious puberty and fibrous dysplasia of bone is an important basis for clinical diagnosis of MAS, but cafe au lait skin spots does not seem to be the specifical manifestation of MAS. Conclusion Clinically MAS was lack of typical clinical manifestations, and the most important clinical weight factor for the diagnosis of MAS was peripheral precocious puberty with fibrous dysplasia of bone. GNAS1 gene screening may be helpful to improve the clinical accurate diagnosis of MAS.

Macrophages are involved in many important biological processes and membrane proteins are the key effector molecules for their functions. However, membrane proteins are difficult to analyze by 2-DE based method because of their intrinsic tendency to self-aggregate during the first dimension separation (IEF). To circumvent the obstacle hampering membrane protein analysis, we combined one-dimensional SDS-PAGE with capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Using this technique, we identified 458 GO annotated membrane proteins with extremely high confidence, including most known markers of peritoneal macrophages (e.g., CD11b, F4/80, CD14, CD18, CD86, CD44, CD16 and Toll-like receptor). Thirteen other CD antigens and 18 Ras-related small GTPase were also identified. In addition to those known macrophage membrane proteins, a significant number of novel proteins have also been identified. This research provides a valuable data set of macrophage membrane proteins, thus allowing for more comprehensive study of membrane proteins and a better understanding of the function mechanisms of macrophages in many biological processes.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of the bioactive artificial vertebrae of a nano- hydroapatite crystals and polyamide 66 composite(n-HA/PA66)to restore the height and architecture of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Methods From December 2003 to February 2006,38 patients(29 males and 9 females)with a mean age of 35.6 years(17-63 years)were treated surgically through anterior ap- proach for decompression and implanted with the bioactive artificial vertebrae of n-HA/PA66 composite to reconstruct the structure of the thoracolumbar burst fractured vertebra.Results All the patients were successfuly followed-up for an average of 8 months,ranging from 6 to 21 months.The bioaetive artificial vertebrac of n-HA/PA66 composite were fused with the receptor bone 3-4 months after operation.The neu- rological function of the patients was restored partially or completely.The thoracolumbar spine was stable during physical examination and the height of thoraeolumbar burst fractured vertebrae that had been restored did not changa during the follow-up.Conclusions Our results show the bioaetive artificial vertebrae of n-HA/PA66 can restore the height and structure of thoracolumbar burst fractured vertebrae and reconstruct the structure of the tboraeolumbar vertebrae effectively,indicating that the bioaetive artificial vertebrae of n- HA/PA66 can be used extensively in clinical spinal surgery.