Objective To evaluate the role of PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-350 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:two-lung ventilation TLV) group,OLV + normal saline group (group OLV),OLV + dexmedetomidine group (group D),and OLV + dexmedetomidine +LY294002 group (group DL).Bilateral lungs were ventilated for 2.5 h in group TLV,and the right lung was ventilated for 2 h followed by 0.5 h TLV in the other groups.The rats were sacrificed,the left lung was removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) (by Western blot).Results Compared with group TLV,W/D ratio was significantly increased,the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in the other three groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group OLV,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-lα was up-regulated in D and DL groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group DL,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-1α was up-regulated in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during OLV in rats.

Asia ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

DICOM standard is a compulsory international standard for the establishment of Integrated Hospital Information System (IHIS) and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). This paper introduces such information of DICOM3.0 as its generation, components, operational mechanism and application. To understand DICOM standard exactly is helpful for the efficient operation of PACS.

The deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ is the key pathological basis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies emphasis that the stability of internal environment between cells of the neurovascular unit is the key to maintain normal brain function. This article reviews the relationship between the Aβand the neurovascular unit injury, and we expect to provide some new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of CAA and AD.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of enterococcal infection in leukemia patients. Methods:The clinical characteristics of 11 cases of leukemia with enterococcal infection were summarized by contrast to those of 62 cases of non-leukemia patients with enterococcal infection. The statistical analysis of measurement data applied chi square text. Results: In leukemia group,11 cases (100%) used broad-spectrum antibiotic before enterococcal infection,the length of stay of 8 cases (72.2%) exceeded 15 days before enterococcal infection,9 cases (81.2%) were caused digestive tract infections by enterococci,the clinical manifestations of 10 cases (90.9%) were hyperpyrexia after enterococcal infection,and 9 cases (81.2%) had to use Vancomycin to eliminate enterococci. Whereas in non-leukemia group,there were 22 cases (35.5%),6 cases(9.7%),14 cases (22.6%),9 cases (14.5%) and 9 cases (14.5%) respectively in five aspects above mentioned. The differences between two groups were significant (P0.05). Conclusion:Contrast to non-leukemia patients infected by enterococci,leukemia patients were more easily infected by enterococci because to the long-term of using broad spectrum antibiotic,the long length of stay before enterococcal infection and the weakened power of resistances after chemotherapy. Enterococcal infections were mainly hospital infections,and digestive tract infections were most common. The main clinical manifestations were hyperpyrexia and diarrhea. Enterococci were highly resistant to usual antibiotics but well sensitive to Vancomycin.

Objective To explore the potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) to be modified by neurotrophin-3(NT-3) gene and pretreated with retinoic acid(RA) to differentiate into neuron-like cells in the transplanted site of the spinal cord injury. Methods MSCs,RA-induced MSCs,LacZ gene modified MSCs,NT-3 gene modified MSCs,and MSCs both modified by NT-3 gene and pretreated with RA were immediately transplanted respectively into the completely transected site(T_(10) spinal segment) of spinal cord.On the 67th day after the operation,the spinal cord segment was removed and frozenly sectioned.The differentiation potential of MSCs was examined by immunofluorescence histochemistry and the percentage was calculated of neuron-like cells that were differentiated from MSCs among all the transplanted cells groups. Results Transplanted MSCs could differentiate into neural stem cells(nestin-positive), neuroglial cells(GFAP-positive) and neuron-like cells(NF and MAP2-positive) in the injured spinal cord.Some of them also differentiated into the neuronlike cells which contained some neurotransmitters(ChAT and 5-HT positive) or had the potential to form a synapse(PSD95-positive).The percentage of neuron-like cells differentiated from MSCs modified by NT-3 gene and pretreated with RA was the highest among all the transplanted cell groups.Conclusion MSCs modified by NT-3 gene and pretreated with RA could better to differentiate into neuron-like cells in the injured spinal cord.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effects of ligustrazine on adhesion,migration and invasion of human acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) cell line Jurkat.Methods:Jurkat cells were cultured in vitro and treated by 50?g/ml,100?g/ml and 150?g/ml ligustrazine respectively.Then the adhesion,migration and invasion of Jurkat cells were measured with cell adhesion test,cell migration test and cell invasion test.The measurement data was collected and the multi-samples were analyzed by analysis of variance(One-Way ANOVA).Results:Compared with control group,50?g/ml,100?g/ml and 150?g/ml ligustrazine could significantly inhibit the migration of Jurkat cells and their invasion to basement membrane(P0.05).Conclusion:By roundly inhibiting adhesion,migration and invasion of Jurkat cells,ligustrazine is a good inhibitor to leukemia and the inhibitory effects are dose dependent.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the pathological classification and clinical manifestations of renal glomerular disease in children. Methods:Pathological diagnosis and laboratory routine examinations of total 377 patients with renal disease during Feb,1999 to Feb,2006 were reviewed and compared. Results:(1)There were 250 male and 127 female among 377 patients who received renal biopsy,and the ratio of male to female was 1.97. Among these patients,217(57.6%) cases of primary glomerular disease,158(41.9%) cases of secondary glomerular disease,1(0.25%) case of heritage glomerular diseases and 1 case of renal vascular disease were found, respectively. (2)The most common clinical diagnosis and pathological category in primary glomerulary disease were nephritic syndrome and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN), respectively,and that in secondary glomerulary disease were Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis and MsPGN,respectively. The mean age in group of secondary glomerulary disease[(10.36?2.83)years] was older than that in group of primary glomerulary disease[(9.72?3.07)years],(P