acided attapulgite. CONCLUSION: Acided attapulgite could be used as an adsorbing substance in Baogan Xiuggjiu Capsule decoction extraction,mainly containing puerarin and gastrodin.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of xuebijing Injection (XI) on perioperative coagulation and inflammatory reaction in senile patients receiving total hip arthroplasty (THA).

METHODSTotally eighty patients receiving THA at Luoyang Orthopedics Hospital, 65 to 85 years old, were randomly assigned to the control group (40 cases) and the treatment group (40 cases). All patients received routine perioperative therapies. Those in the treatment group received XI (adding 50 mL XI in 100 mL normal saline, 30 min each time). XI was continually injected after THA, twice daily for 3 successive days. Blood samples were harvested on the morning of the 2nd admission day (TO), immediately after operation (T1), on the morning of the 3rd day after operation (T3), and on the morning of the 5th day after operation (T4) to detect prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), levels of FIB and D-dimer (D-D), changes of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils (N), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and IL-6. Complications of surgery were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and blood transfusion between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with TO in the same group, WBC, N, CRP, ESR, IL-6, PT, TT, and D-D all increased in the control group at T1-T4 (P < 0.05); APTT increased at T1-T2 (P <0.05); FIB increased at T1-T3 (P <0.05). WBC, N, IL-6, PT, and D-D all increased in the treatment group at T1-T3 (P <0.05); CRP and ESR increased at T1-T4 (P < 0.05); TT increased at T1-T2 (P <0.05); APTT and FIB increased at T1 (P <0.05). Compared with the control group at the same time period, WBC, N, CRP, and IL-6 all decreased in the treatment group at T1-T4 (P <0.05), ESR decreased at T3-T4 (P <0.05); PT and TT decreased at T1-T3 (P <0.05); FIB and D-D decreased at T2-T4 (P<0.05). The occurrence of each complication was significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the control group.

CONCLUSIONXI could improve the perioperative high coagulation state of senile THA patients, inhibit inflammatory reactions, and reduce complications.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; C-Reactive Protein ; Dementia ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Inflammation ; Injections ; Interleukin-6 ; Partial Thromboplastin Time

OBJECTIVE: To review and summarize the effect of health literacy on medication safety and the progress of recent studies. METHODS: Pubmed and Google were searched for related studies conducted in recent 20 years worldwide. The effect of health literacy on patient's medication understanding and medication behavior was reviewed. This paper also analyzed the current situation and future prospects of studies on health literacy in clinical practice in China. RESULTS: Patients with inadequate health literacy are less likely to understand medication information correctly and their actual medication practice is less likely to match their medication record in health care system. CONCLUSION: The assessment of health literacy can help pharmacists discriminate patients with different health literacy levels and predict patients' medication understanding and medication behavior, which is a useful tool to promote the efficiency of patient education and medication safety.

Objective:To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Jiehuo Dieda ointment. Methods:The anti-inflam-matory activity was observed by rat foot swelling model induced by carrageenan and rat cotton ball granuloma model, and writhing re-sponse in mice induced by acetic acid and hot-plate test were used to explore the analgesic effects. Results:Compared with that of mod-el group, Jiehuo Dieda ointment 28 g·kg-1 ,14 g·kg-1 could significantly decrease rats hind paw swelling rate after 2 hours of ad-ministration. Compared with that of normal control group,Jiehuo Dieda ointment 28 g·kg-1 ,14 g·kg-1 could significantly decrease the weights of rats cotton ball granuloma,could significantly decrease the writhing times ,and increase the pain thresholdr after 60 min of administration(P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusion:Jiehuo Dieda Ointment had obviously anti-inflammatory and analgesia effects.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality control method for fugankang granules.METHODS:Radix Astragali,Atr actylodes Macrocephala,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae in fugankang granules were identified by TLC and the content of astra?galoside in fugankang granules was determined by HPLC-ELSD method.RESULTS:Radix Astragali,Atractylodes Macro?cephala,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae could be identified by TLC;Astragaloside showed good linear relationship within the range of1.306?g～13.060?g(r=0.9997),the average recovery was 97.62%(RSD=1.72%).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate and with good reproducibility,which can be used as quality control for fugankang granules.

Objective To evaluate the secular trend of lung cancer mortality rate during 1981 to 2005 in Kunshan City. Methods The population-based registration data collected during the period of 1981—2005 were used to calculate the crude rate (CR), world age-standardized rate (WASR), five-year age-specific rate, truncated rate of those aged 35~64, cumulative rates of those aged 0~74, percent change (PC), and annual percent change (APC). The mortality rates by age, period/age, and cohort / age were analyzed and compared. Results The CR was 27. 88 per 100 000 on average, and was 43.19 per 100 000 for males and 12.56 per 100 000 for females, with a sex ratio of 3. 43: 1. The WASR was 22.52 per 100 000 on average, and 37.28 per 100 000 for males and 9.67 per 100 000 for the females. The truncated rate and cumulative rate of those aged 0~74 were 31.54 per 100 000 and 0.10% respectively. The PC and the APC were 144.56% and 4.08% for the crude mortality rate, and 23.57% and 1.01% for the age-standardized rate. Birth cohort and period data analysis showed rising of lung cancer of age-specific rate. Conclusion The mortality data demonstrated a rising trend in general in the period of 1981—2005 in Kunshan.

The right of informed consent is composed of two closely connected rights-the right to know and the consent right.The right to know is prerequisite and foundation that the consent right depends on,and the consent right is also the value embodiment of the right to know.The main purpose of emphasizing patient's informed consent right lies in through entrust with the medical establishment and the medical staff's corresponding informing obligation,helping patients understand potential risks,cost so that they can make free choice.It can maintain patient's benefit,change patient's weak-trend status.Medical consent right is the patients' right to accept treatment or not and chooses options after they are fully aware of the information about their diagnosis and treatment options.Medical consent as an important right of patients is receiving increasing attention.Based on the achievements of predecessors,this article discusses how to protect patient's right of informed consent better.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare nifuratel vaginal effervescent tablets(NVET)and establish a method for its quality control.METHODS:The NVET was prepared using acid or alkali effervescent by principal ingredient-separated granulation.The content of the principal ingredient was determined by UV spectrophotometry.RESULTS:The preparation was white or off-white colored tablet and its property was up to the standard stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 Edition)in identification and test.The linear concentration range of nifuratel was 100～400 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 6)with an average recovery rate of 101.1%(RSD=0.62%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The preparation process for NVET is simple,and its quality is stable and controllable.

BACKGROUND: According to Eysenck's theory of personality, trait level belongs tolow-grade personality, which can better reflect characteristics of individual habitual behavior reaction.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correspondent relationship between generalized anxiety patient and internal personality trait through adopting Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PFQ) and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to test generalized anxiety patients.DESIGN: A transectional sampling survey and data was compared with that of health adult norms.SETTING: Counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 patients with generalized anxiety disorders who visited the clinical counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA for the first time from August 2003 to March 2004 were included, including 40 men and 60 women.METHODS: Catell's 16PFQ was tested with Psychometric Toolbox Standard Edition V2.3 developed by the Insight Group of Peking University.The patients filled out the forms independently after the method being explained clearly by professional staff members. These 16 personality factors included warmth (reserved vs. warm; Factor A), reasoning (concrete vs.abstract; Factor B), emotional stability (reactive vs. emotionally stable;Factor C), dominance (deferential vs. dominant; Factor E), liveliness (serious vs. lively; Factor F), rule-consciousness (expedient vs. rule-conscious;Factor G), social boldness (shy vs. socially bold; Factor H), sensitivity (utilitarian vs. sensitive; Factor I), vigilance (trusting vs. vigilant; Factor L),abstractedness (grounded vs. abstracted; Factor M), privateness (forthright vs. private; Factor N), apprehension (self-assured vs. apprehensive; Factor O), openness to change (traditional vs. open to change; Factor Q1), self-reliance (group-oriented vs. self-reliant; Factor Q2), perfectionism (tolerates disorder vs. perfectionistic; Factor Q3), tension (relaxed vs. tense; Factor Q4). Standard score of each observed index was measured automatically by computer measuring system. The standard score in Zung's SAS was (65.31±7.90).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of standard scores in Cattell's 16PF between anxiety group and health adult norms.tell's 16PFQ for patients with generalized anxiety disorders: Scores in A,I, L, M, O, Q4 factor of anxiety patients were higher than that of health adult norms (6.19±1.69, 5.49±1.75;6.63±1.46, 5.53±1.84;5.84±1.52,5.47 ± 1.78; 6.22 ± 1.54,5.42 ± 1.61; 8.32 ±1.54,5.48 ±1.81; 8.10 ±1.27,5.60±1.99,(t=-2.03 to -13.15, P＜ 0.05-0.01)) while scores in B, C, E, F, G H,Q1, Q2, Q3 were significantly lower (5.22±1.46, 5.93±1.97;3.48±1.68,5.51±1.75;4.86±1.60, 5.53±1.83;5.01±2.22, 5.50±1.89;4.42±1.60,5.54 ±1.66 ;4.58±1.66, 5.56±1.84 ;4.64±1.29, 5.50±1.72 ;4.73±1.80, 5.50±1.72;and F had a significantly negative correlation with scores in Zung's SAS (r=-0.273,P ＜ 0.01 ;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05) while factor Q4 had a significantly positive correlation(r=0.248 ,P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The development of anxiety with high scores in C, E, F and Q4 correlates with self-personality trait. These 4 personality traits may be susceptible factors in the development of anxiety disorder and may also affect its severity.

BACKGROUND: Major depression is a subtype of depression. Application of thymoleptics alone has bad effect. It has shown from relevant studies abroad that application of fluoxetine combined with atypical antipsychotic drugs maybe an effective treating strategy.OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effects of fluoxetine combined with olanzapine and the time of its taking effect.DESIGN: Comparative study of open clinical test with completely random sampling for the first visit outpatients SETTING: A psychological consulting clinic in a hospital of a Military Medical College of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 140 patients visiting psychological counseling outpatient clinic in the hospital were collected from January 2004 to August 2004. Inclusion criteria: According to the diagnostic criterion of depression of CCMD-3, patients with total scores of 17 items in Hamilton depression rating scale≥28and age ≥18 years old .EXclusion criteria;①slight to middle edgree of depression(Hamt≤27);②secondary depression;③convalesscent period of schizophrenia and other affective disorder caused by psychosis;④severe of unstable body diseases ,including diseases of liver,kidney,cardiae vessel,respiration,gastro-intestine,endocrine,nervous system,innune system or hematological system,cet.⑤drug or alcohol addict;⑥women in pregnancy and lactation. Totally 110 patients accorded with the inclusive criteria. Among them, there were 40 males and 70 females with the course of disease for 4 months to 5 years, aged 18 to 63 with the average (37 ± 12) years old. They all took part in the trial voluntarily. According to the date of admittance, they were divided into odd-numbered date alprazolam group in which there were 55 patients with 21 males and 34 females and double date olanzapine group in which there were 55 patients with 19 males and 36 females.METHODS: The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the date of admittance. Odd-numbered date group was alprazolam group. 0.4 mg alprazolam was given every noon and before sleep and 20 mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. Even-numbered date group was olanzapine group. 2.5 mg olanzapine was given before sleep every day and 20mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. The course of treatment was 6 weeks. HAMD and HAMA scores of taken were evaluated respectively before and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th week. Reducing score rate was used to decide effective time. Lost rate was presented as percentage. And improvement of sleep factor and somatization factor in HAMD were observed before therapy and at every observing time period after therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Terminus index: Comparison of HAMD,HAMA score in the two groups before therapy and at the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th weekend after therapy. Scores of sleep factor and anxiety somatization factor of HAMD at every observing time period in the two groups. Substitution index: lost rate in the two groups. Reducing score rate at every observing time period in the two groups.RESULTS: Lost rate in olanzapine group was significantly lower than that in alprazolam group ( P ＜ 0.05) and the effect was taken at 1 week after therapy(excellence rate 67% ) . But, scores of HAMD and HAMA at every observing time period in olanzapine group were significant lower than those in alprazolam group( P ＜ 0.01) and sleep factor and somatization factor at every observing time period improved more significantly than those of alprazolam group( P ＜ 0. 01).CONCLUSION: Small amount of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine used to treat major depression of the patients can improve sleep and anxiety body symptoms rapidly and then elevate their living quality significantly.