Asthma ; drug therapy ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Phytotherapy

BACKGROUND:Pancreatic islet transplantationviaportal vein system leads to the apoptsis of a number of islet cels due to local hypoxia,therebyaffecting transplant outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore theeffect ofpre-micrvascularization network of tissue-engineered constructs on the survival of transplanted islets and the feasibility of xenogenic islet transplantation. METHODS:A 5-mm-long cylindrical silicone tube filed with Matrigel TM matrix surrounding the superficial epigastric vessel was placed in the groin ofdiabetic mice. After the syngeneic islets with 300 islet equivalents (IEQ) were transplanted into the silicone chamber on days 0, 14 and 28 post-chamber implantation, respectively, the recovery time of blood glucose was observed. The islets with the quantity of 100 IEQ, 200 IEQ and 300 IEQ, respectively, were transplanted on day 28 post-implantation and then the blood glucoselevelwas determined. Moreover, the survival of human pancreatic islets with 1 000 IEQ transplanted into the pre-vascularizated chamber or under the renal capsule of diabetic mice, folowed by the treatment of anti-CD45RB and/or anti-CD40L (MR-1) was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:An abundant micro-vascularized network was established in the silicone chamber on day 28 post-implantation. The time of the blood glucose returningto normal level in diabetic mice was negatively correlated with the time required for pre-vascularization and the number of implanted islets. No islet grafts implanted in the silicone chamber and treated by anti-CD45RB survived for long term. However, one of seven (14.3%) grafts survived for long term, which was not significantly different from the transplantation under the renal capsule group (n=8, MST > 71 days,P> 0.05). The tissue-engineered pre-vascularization network markedly extends the survival time of the islet grafts before transplantation. The transplantation of the xenogenic pancreatic islets into the vascularized silicone chamber might be a promising method in the future clinical application.

This paper digested some papers that were published from January to October,2009,and concerning about Chinese schistosomiasis control and research of schistosome,covering schistosomiasis control strategy,schistosome genomies and proteomics,immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis,molecular biology and immunology,etc.

To stury the pharmacokinetie of tramadol and aeetaminophen in healthy volunteers. Methods Totally 20 healthy adult male volunteers participated in the study were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups and were given respectively the dose of one and two pills by oral administration. Serum was separated and the concentrations of tramadol and acetaminophen in human serum were determined by HPLC using fluorescence and UV detector. The values of concentration were directly detected, and AUC was calculated by linear trapezoid method. Results The main pharmacokinetie parameters of tramadol and acetaminophen of 2 dosages groups were as follow: Tramadol: AUC_(0-24h)(ng · h· mL~(-1)) were 2 724. 89 ± 1 016.54 and 1 361.61 + 441. 79; AUC_(0-∞)(ng·h·mL~(-1)) were3 065.49±1 190.66 and 1 555.04±582.51; t_(max)(h) were 1.8±0.75 and 1.9±0.57; t_(t/2)(h) were 7.34±1.39and7.63±2.02; Kel(h~(-1)) were 0. 098±0. 019 and 0. 097± 0.027; Cl_r(mL · min~(-1)) were 31.84±13.65 and 30.03 ± 9.20; MRT(h) were 7.62 ± 1.07 and 7.77 ± 0.75. Acetaminophen. AUC_(0-24h)(μg · h · mL~(-1)) were 40.28 ± 10.36 and 18.37 ± 3.84 ; AUC_(0-∞)(μg · h · mL~(-1)) were 41.63 ± 10. 96 and 18. 81 ± 4.06; t_(max)(h) were 0. 9 ± 0.46 and 0. 9 ± 0. 39; t_(t/2)(h) were5.39 ± 1. 16 and 4. 96 ± 1.03; Kel(h~(-1)) were 0. 13 ± 0. 03 and 0. 15 ± 0. 03; Clr (mL · min~(-1)) were 17.17 ± 4.57 and 18.42 ± 3.89; MRT(h) were 4.86 ± 0.48 and 4.50 ± 0.53. Conclusions No significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters, such as t_(max), t_(t/2), Ke,Cl, MRT,AUC_(0-t)/dose, AUC_(0-∞)/dose and C_(max)/dose are shown between these two dose groups and a linear pharmacokinetic is featured.

Object To study the chemical constituents of the root bark of Lycium chinense Mill Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents Their structures were elucidated on the physico chemical properties and spectral data Results Five compounds were isolated from the root bark of L chinense and identified as vanillic acid (Ⅰ), apigenin (Ⅱ), linarin (Ⅲ), glucosyringic acid (Ⅳ) and digupigan A (Ⅴ) Conclusion Digupigan A is a new compound. Except vanillic acid, others were isolated from this plant for the first time

Objective: To explore the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the osteogenesis of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Methods: Rabbit bone marrow was drawn out and cultured with conditioned culture medium to harvest BMSCs; the third generation BMSCs were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group was exposed to LIPUS 20 min/day for 1, 2 or 3 weeks, and the control group received no treatment. The cell proliferation was observed under inverted microscope. Von Kossa staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test were employed to assess the osteogenesis of the cells. Results: BMSCs became larger after being stimulated with LIPUS, with increased nuclei and decreased nuclear to cytoplasm ratio; BMSCs untreated with LIPUS was flat and had lower refractive index. ALP activities of LIPUS-treated (1, 2, and 3 weeks) BMSCs increased significantly compared with that of the control group(P<0.05); the pixel value of calcification nodule in experimental group(after 3 weeks) was also higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: LIPUS can accelerate the osteogenesis of rabbit BMSCs in conditioned culture medium.

Alcohol is widely abused in contemporary social life, which has become a serious medical and social problem because it hurts human health and endangers public safety. Recent re-search has developed several active substances that can effective-ly improve or treat this syndrome via affecting the mesolimbic do-pamine nervous pathway to dampen rewarding effectiveness in-duced by ethanol. This paper reviews the progress in near-term studies of alcoholism-intervening agents, aiming at providing ref-erences for related mechanism exploration and drug development.

Objective To estimate the quality and efficacy of the academic thesis of compound anisodine in traumatic optic neuropathies(TON)treatment. Method We searched Chinese database last or"blunt trauma"as key words,and analyzed them using the standard of evidence-based medicine(EBM).Result 6 RCTS with a total of 415 eyes included are retrieved,and the OR value is 6.54 with a 95%CI of[4.14,10.35],P＜0.00001,the difference is significant;sub-category analyses are made and both show significant difference(P＜0.0001). Conclusion The existing evidence supports that prognosis of TON is better when compound anisodine are adopt in treatment,and this effect is significant in steroid treatment.Compound anisodine can be used alone for TON treatment.However.because there are only 6 thesis are retrieved and all of them have methodological short-comings,the evidence is not convincing.There is an urgent need of well-planed,large-scale and multiple-center studies to assess the role of compound anisodine in traumatic optic neuropathies treatment.

Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients undergone intravesical chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and analyze the correlation of the quality of life and low urinary tract symptoms in this group of patients.Methods 31 male patients and 15 female patients were enrolled from Jan.2012 to Mar.2013.The average age was 54 (35-71) years.Questionnaires of QoL and core lower urinary tract symptom score (CLSS) were given to 46 patients before intravesical chemotherapy and the 1 st,6th month after starting the instillation.Before the instillation,the scores of QoL and CLSS were 55.7±6.2 and 6.5±2.1,respectively,the change of QoL and CLSS were compared to baseline,and then the correlation of the low urinary tract symptoms and quality of life was analyzed.Results At the end of 1st and 6th month,the QoL scores were 74.7±8.1 and 78.5± 10.6.The CLSS scores were 8.9±2.0 and 9.1 ± 1.8,respectively.The differences were significant (P ＜0.05) when compared to the baselines.The areas of working activity and free time were affected much more than other areas,and the scores increased from 8.3±2.1 and 19.2±5.7 to 14.3±5.6 and 23.7±4.2,respectively.The area of free time was found to be associated with local symptoms (r=0.61).Conclusions Intravesical treatment can impair the QoL of patients.Low urinary tract symptom is an important factor and is associated with impairment of QoL,suggesting the relief of local symptoms may improve the overall quality of life.

Gallbladder cancer is a disease associated with high mortality. Improvement of early diagnosis is of great significance to prolong the survival. Risk factors for gallbladder cancer include gallstones, cholelithiasis, anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction, focal mucosal microcalcifications, and et al.Advances in endoscopic ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram and helical computed tomography have enhanced preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Understanding the characteristics of gallbladder cancer with the help of multiple imaging modalities can facilitate accurate diagnosis and may also help in sorting patients to undergo extended resection or an alternative therapy. Resection is currently the most effective and only potentially curative treatment for gallbladder cancer.However, owing to its non-specific symptoms, gallbladder cancer patients often suffer from late diagnosis, and few patients are suitable for surgery. Other treatment strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, percutaneous biliary drainage, palliative surgery are used in patients with advanced gallbladder cancer.For jaundiced gallbladder cancer patients, preoperative biliary drainage is still under debate. Since biliary inflammation adversely affects the prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients,antibiotics with high concentration in bile is recommended for selected patients. Palliative treatment and molecular target therapy are promising for patients with inoperable gallbladder cancer.