Objective To study the association between adults'respiratory health and elements concentrations in aerometric particulate matters and provide information about the effect of air pollution sources on human health. Methods Health question nairs were administered to 7 661 male and 7 673 female adults in 4 Chinese cities. 42 elements in particulate matters of both urban and rural areas were analyzed by XRF. The data were analyzed by using two-stage regression, the Logistic regression for the first stage and weighted linear regression for the other. Adult's respiratory health parameters were obtained by 1st stage analysis. The association of the elements in PM and adults'respiratory health parameters of 8 sites in the 4 cities was established. Odds ratios were given using the weighted linear regression model. Results Positive associations between adults'respiratory health and crust elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Si, Ti) and pollution elements (As, Ni, Cd, Pb) in PM2.5-10 or PM2.5 were found (OR=1.00-1.12). Associations of respiratory health parameters with elements in fine particle (OR=1.03-1.61) were stronger than those with elements in coarse particle (OR=1.03-1.12) in the case of the equal element concentrations. Conclusion An assumption of 'crust particle groups' was brought forward to give an explanation to the relation between crust elements and respiratory health. It assumed that the relation is an indirect one, since 'crust particle groups' in PM act as carrier of toxic matters and/or bacteria. The result points out that it should pay much attention to controlling of PM from soil as well as controlling of industrial pollution.

BACKGROUND: Gallie, Brooks steel wire, and Halifax vertebral plate clamp are tools for internal fixation of atlas-axis joint. They can keep the flexion-extension stability of atlas-axis joint, but weaken the ability to against lateral bending and rotation. Magerl+Gallie implantation shows good biomechanics stability, but cannot well prevent axial dislocation. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the surgical technique from posterior approach for atlas, and explore the effect on biocompatibility and biomechanics of implants. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: The articles related to atlas-axis joint dated between January 1970 and June 2007 were retrieved through Pubmed, PML, OVID and Wanfang database using of "atlas, axis, dislocation, fixation, posterior" and "atlas, dislocation, internal fixation, implant, posterior approach, biocompatibility, biomechanics" in Chinese. All collected articles were selected firstly and the articles related to implants, surgical skills, and biomechanics were selected. For articles in identical field, only those published in recently or in authoritative journals were selected. Repetitive articles and Meta analysis were excluded. 127 articles met the criteria and 30 of them were involved. LITERATURE EVALUATION: The articles involved were related to the surgical treatment of dislocation of atlas-axis joint. Of 30 articles, 3 were review articles, 3 were monographs, and the others were clinical or basic researches. DATA SYNTHESIS: ①Lateral mass and pedicle screw implantation techniques can achieve three-dimensional fixation. ②The screw entrance points of atlantoaxial pedicle screw implantation is higher than lateral mass technique, it is unnecessary to expose C1, posterior arch and other deep parts of anatomic structures. C2 nerve root and venous plexus are not separated completely, which reduce injury rate and blood loss. In addition, screw passage of pedicle screw is longer than Harms technique, so screw can completely contact with skeleton to enhance the fixation. CONCLUSION: Atlantoaxial fixation by posterior pedicle screw implantation shows good biomechanics and biocompatibility. It may become the optimal approach for atlantoaxial short segmental fixation.

Schistosome is covered by a living syncytium, called tegument, which plays important role in nutrient uptake and immune evasion.Recently, tegumental proteomic research identified lots of proteins, of which there may be potential targets for diagnosis, drugs and vaccines.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the evolution of drug-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in children in Hubei tertiary level hospitals during four years and provide the evidence for clinically reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The summary data of drug sensitivity in clinical isolates of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) and meticillin-sensitive S.aureus(MSSA) in children in Hubei tertiary level hospitals from 2004 to 2007 were investigated retrospectively and the results were analyzed statistically.RESULTS The tendency of infections with MRSA upgraded yearly during four years(5.7%→10.7%→40.8%→46.9%);the resistance rates of MRSA to various antibiotics were all higher than that of MSSA.The vancomycin-resistant S.aureus had not been detected.CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance status of SA in Hubei is still very serious.We should adopt effective measurement to control the occurring and epidemic outbreak in combination with children physiological characteristic.

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized with arthritis in one or more joints,fever,rash and serositis.Due to the atypical symptoms and poor prognosis,it's a great challenge in the clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation in sJIA.These challenges could be addressed by the identification of clinical biomarkers,aiming at evaluating the disease severity,predicting the activity and prognosis of sJIA.This review will be focus on genetics,serum and cellular markers in sJIA and summarize the relative application on diagnosis and treatment.

Digital subtraction angiography has long been recognized as a gold standard for detecting cerebrovascular lesions.With the development of CT techniques,CT angiography(CTA)has been widely used in intracranial and extracranial vascular evaluation.This article reviews the development of CTA technique and its application in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular lesions.

Objective Investigate the diagnosis and treatment of 9 cases in humeral shaft fracture combined with brachial artery injury. Methods 9 cases of humeral shaft fracture combined with brachial artery injury were treated. Results 1 patient was carried out amputation because severe soft tissue injury, obvious limb swelling after operation and occurring thrombosis. The muscles of 2 cases was ischemic and contracture, functional poor because of visiting late. The remaining 6 cases as a result of the diagnosis and treatment in a timely manner, postoperative function were satisfactory. Conclusion Timely diagnosis and treatment for patiends of humeral shaft fracture combined with brachial artery injury can have the good clinical results.

Objective To observe therapeutic effect of naoxintong on the patients with cerebral infarction.Methods 69 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly allocated to naoxintong group or control group. All patients were treated with 20ml shuxuening injection into veins and aspirin 100mg once a day, and those in naoxintong group were treated with naoxinting moreover. Neurological deficit scores (NDS) were evaluated before and after 1 month and 2 months of treatment Results Effective rate and notable effective rate of naoxintong group after 2 months of treatment were 97% and 88% ,obviously higher than those of control group 79% and 52%. Conclusion Nongxintong treatment for cerebral infarction was effective.

Several of the genetic models and environmental risk factor models were used in the animal model study in autism.The BTBR T+ Itpr3tf(BTBR) mice are an inbred strain and have emerged as strong candidates to serve as models of a range of autism-relevant behaviors, showing deficiencies in social behaviors and reduced or unusual ultrasonic vocalizations as well as increased repetitive self-grooming.There are increasing investigations targeted to ameliorating the behavioral phenotypes of autism in BTBR mice.This review briefly summarizes the advance in the research on the BTBR mice model of autism.

Objective To study the clinical effect of surgery combined with antifungal drug in treatment of fungal nose-sinusitis.Methods The clinical data of 108 cases with fungal nose-sinusitis were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with nasal endoscopic sinus surgery.According to whether the patients received antifungal drugs after low-temperature plasma-assisted surgery,the patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group.The treatment group(56 cases) was given antifungal fluconazole after low-temperature plasma-assisted endoscopic sinus surgery.52 cases in the control group were washed by 0.9％ sodium chloride solution after conventional endoscopic sinus surgery.The patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years,the therapeutic effect and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results 56 patients of the treatment group,49 cases were cured,7 cases improved,no recurrence.52 cases in the control group,47 cases were cured,improved in 4 cases,ineffective in 1 case,3 cases of recurrence.The recurrence rate of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (x2 =4.82,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The low-temperature plasma-assisted surgery combined with antifungal drug.in the treatment of fungal nose-sinusitis has exact efficacy,and has significant effect on the prevention and reduce the relapse rate,which worthy of clinical promotion.