Child Nutrition Sciences ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Physicians

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise training on cardiac function and automatic nervous activity in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) following PTCA or intracoronary stent implantation. Methods For this study, 37 CAD patients (28 men and 9 women; aged 56.23 ?11.16 years) participated in a supervised 8-week training program with 35 healthy controls(27 men and 8 women; aged 55.72 ?10.34 years). Cardiac function was assessed with indexes obtained during exercise testing using the standard Bruce protocol (submaximal gradural treadmill exercise) before and after 8 weeks training. Meanwhile, heart rate variability (HRV) was used to value the automatic nervous activity. Results After 8 weeks, the margin between maximal HR and resting HR (△HR=HR max-HR resting) was significantly broader (P

The discipline of nutrition has been developing quickly in the past 30 years in China,and a number of scientific progress has been achieved.Some new discoveries have been unveiled in terms of treatment and prevention of liver carcinoma,colon cancer,and breast cancer by certain nutrients.Besides,the application of nutrition in the prevention and treatlnents of metabolic diseases such as obesity.diabetes mellitus and congenital malfcIrmation has been studied.Furthermore,academic achievements in the treatment of tumor and metabolic diseases by integrating nutritional therapies has also been made.The establishment of relevant organizations and institutes as well as the prosperous performance of nutrition education contribute to the development of discipline of nutrition in China.

Respiratory viral infections are the most common cause of infantile wheezing, as well as one of the major inducents of acute exacebarbations of chronic childhood asthma. Recent studies focus on the mechanism of virus-induced airway inflammatory response which is still not completely clear. Many new pathophysiologic mechanisms such as epigenetics are advanced to explain the association between viral respiratory infections and asthma attack. In the present reports, recent data on the role of early-life viral infections in the development and progression of childhood asthma are reviewed.

Objective To study the angiographie characteristics of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 292 patients with CHD underwent a selective angiography were selected,the characteristics of coronary arteriongraphy were compared in CHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic group.Results In type 2 diabetes mellitus group,the degree of stenosis was higher than that in nondiabetic group (78.01% vs 52.32% )(P < 0.05 ), and the rate of three-vessel disease was higher than that in nondiabetic group (59.57% vs 36.42% )(P <0.05).Conclusion The angiographic characteristics were different in CHD patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with more severity of lesion and more lesion vessel.

Perioperative nutrition support may be required when the synthesis and utilization of nutrients become disordered due to gastrointestinal abnormalities and trauma anesthesia. Proper nutrition support can reduce or prevent malnutrition, and thus facilitate the recovery and lower complications and case-fatality rate.

It has been reported that the level of antioxidants is lower in obese patients compared with that in normal weight subjects. Important antioxidants, vitamin E and ?-carotene, are lowered in obese adults and children, which may cause lipid super oxidation and are associated with atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. Copper and zinc are trace elements that compose parts of enzymes such as CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) which can scavenge free radicals. Plasma copper and zinc levels are lowered in obese individuals, which may lead to abnormality in glucose metabolism.

Energy metabolism refers to the metabolism of three major nutrients associated with the process of energy production and usage.The metabolism in patients with tumors manifests specifically, as a result of tumor-bearing state, host's response to tumor and anti-neoplastic therapy.It is believed that resting energy expenditure increases in patients with newly diagnosed tumors, which is related to C-reactive protein and release of inflammatory cytokines. After eflfectjve therapy,resting energy expenditure decreases in some degree.In addition,the stage and differentiation of tumors also affect metabolism.However,there are some conflicts among research findings.The characteristics of energy metabolism and influential factors in patients with tumors are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the value of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps. Methods One hundred and ten patients diagnosed as endometrial polyps by transvaginal ultrasound and undergone operative hysteroscopy and histologic examination, were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among 110 cases 75 cases (68.2%) were accurately diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound,while 35 cases (31.8%) were misdiagnosed.The diseases misdiagnosed included endometrium hyperplasia,intrauterine adhesions and submucousmyoma.Conclusions Combining clinical symptoms with ultrasonogram characters and optimal time of detection can reduce the misdiagnostic rate of endometrial polyps.

Parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC) mainly occurs in children. Currently identified risk factors include premature infants, lack of enteral feeding, repeated infections, and toxicity or nutrient deficiency of parenteral nutrition solution. Recent studies have shown that nuclear receptor-mediated bile acid transporter may be the key site of PNAC pathogenesis, in which some cytokines play important roles. New anti-cholestatic therapy based on the regulation of expression of these molecules may prevent end-stage liver disease caused by PNAC.