The relationship between probiotics and host intestinal immune system was reviewed. Then, as a new immunomodulator, the mechanisms and clinical uses of probiotics were discussed.

Objective To establish the animal model of damp-heat syndrome(DHS) and explore the expression of aquaporin(AQP) 3,4 gene in gastric mucosa.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomized into 3 groups and observed for 20 days.Group A(normal group,NG) was fed with routine method.Group B(Pi deficiency syndrome group,PDS) was fed alternatively with routine method and aqua of cassia angustifolia Vahl.Group C(DHS) was fed with fat,honey liquid and treated with damp-heat environment.The expression of AQP 3,4 gene in the 3 groups were determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR).Results The symptoms and signs in Group C were simiar to the clinical DHS.Expression of AQP3 gene in DHS was statistically significant higher than that in PDS and NG(P

Wnt signaling pathway has a critical role in differentiation, proliferation, supersession and metabolism of osteocyte. Although the principal components are relatively simple, however, the numerous components consisted of Wnt signaling participate in the reaction, including several LRPs ( low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein,LRP) , 19 different Wnt proteins and 19 different FZDs( frizzled receptor, FZD) , and non-canonical Wnt signaling and multiple inhibitors of Wnt signaling.The Wnts linked to mem-brane coreceptor and activated downstream of canonical Wnt signaling or non-canonical Wnt signaling, In addition, different Wnts had different roles in differentiation, bone formation and bone absorption of osteocyte.This review aims to understand the relationship be-tween Wnt signaling and osteocyte metabolism and bone diseases, by analyzing a variety of factors and the process of Wnt protein and Wnt signaling pathway in activity of osteocyte.

Objective With the development of minimally invasion and the popularization of arthroscopy the technology of ar-throscopy has been widely applied for the treatment of acute and the safety of this has been validated.To analyze the clinical effect of ar-throscopically assisted double Endobutton plate reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament in the treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Methods From November 2013 to December 2014, a total of 23 patients with Rockwood type III,Ⅳ,Ⅴshoulder joint dis-location were included, all cases was treated by arthroscopic double Endobutton fixaton technique.Patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months.The changes of shoulder joint forward elevation and external rotation, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score(JOA), and Visual Analogue score( VAS) of acromioclavicular joint in both perioperative and postoperative were recorded. Results The mean follow-up time was (9.3 ±2.4) months ( range from 6 to 18 months),and mean time from injury to surgery was(10.1 ±3.2)days.The therapeutic effects were achieved in all patients after the arthroscopically assisted double Endobutton plate reconstruction.All the measurements, in-cluding the mean forward elevation JOA scores before and after fixation (71.0 ±5.4 vs 93.5 ±3.6), and mean VAS scores (4.6 ±1.0 vs 1.9 ±0.9), mean forward elevation [(102.5 ±8.6) degrees vs (144.3 ±6.3) degrees], and mean external rotation[(107.1 ±6.2) de-grees vs (149.6 ±7.5) degrees] improved significantly (P<0.05) after the treatment. Conclusion Arthroscopic double Endobutton fixaton technique could provide an effective immobilization of shoulder and acromioclavicular joint, thus improving the function of the joint and achieving an excellent effect in the treatment of acute acromiocla-vicular joint dislocation.

0.05); diaphragmatic tonicity were increased in FG groups ( P 0.05 ) . [ Conclusion ] FG has a protective effect on anoxic fatigued diaphragm.

Objective To study therapeutic efficacy of Aredia in treating malignant metastatic bone tumors. Method 60～ 90 mg Aredia was administrated iv in 31 cases with malignant metastatic tumors,once each week. Results Pain in 12 cases was significantly relieved.14 cases acquired relif.Total effective rate was 83.9% .Activity ability was improved by 80.6% .No apparent toxicological and adverse effects as well as fever and cold symptoms were observed.Conclusion Aredia is a kind of ideal drugs for treatment of pain caused by malignant metastatic bone tumors.It is convenient in use and could be endured by patients.

BACKGROUND:Lithium chloridecan promote the proliferation and osteogenic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in the necrotic region after avascular necrosis of the femoral head, which has become an issue of concern. OBJECTIVE:To compare the advantages and disadvantages of bone marrow stem cel transplantation combined with lithium chloride in the treatment of rabbit femoral head necrosis. METHODS: Passage 2 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from 1-week-old New Zealand rabbits were cultured in 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L lithium chloride. Forty-eight healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were selected to make femoral head necrosis models in the right femoral head using liquid nitrogen freezing method and then randomized into four groups: model group with no implantation; lithium chloride group given lithium chloride treatment at 3 days after modeling; cel transplantation group given gelatin sponge implantation and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension injection into the femoral head after modeling; combined group given bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension injection and lithium chloride treatment. Intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride (45.2 mg/kg) was given daily beginning at the postoperative 3rdday, and the treatment duration was 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Lithium chloride at 10 mmol/L had the maximum effect on the proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, and if the concentration of lithium chloride was > 10 mmol/L, the promotion role of lithium chloride began to decline. After combined treatment, the morphology of the femoral head was restored a little, with increased bone density and thickened trabecular bone; the level of β-catenin in the femoral head was significantly increased in the combined group compared with the cel transplantation group or the lithium chloride group. These findings show that bone marrow stem cel transplantation combined with lithium chloride treatment can promote the recovery from femoral head necrosis by increasing bone mass of the trabecular bone and bone density of the femoral head in the necrotic region.

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects and toxicity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)treated by combining chemotherapy on ifosfamide(IFO)and vinorelbine(NVB).Methods 107 cases pa- tients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled.IFO was given in a dosage of 1.5g/m~2 on day 1 to 4.and NVB in a dosage of 25mg/m~2 on day 1 and 8.It was repeated every three or four weeks,up to two to four cycles.Results Two patients had complete response and 40 patients had partial response.The overall response rate was 47.7% ,the median survival time 10.3 months,1-year and 2-year survival rate was 42% and 12.3%,respectively.The main toxicity was bone marrow suppression.Conclusion The regimen is effective,sale and tolerable in advanced non- small cell lung cancer therapy.

AIM: To investigate the incidence of trachoma in children aged 1 to 9y in Hainan Province and determine high-risk trachoma endemic and non-endemic areas in Hainan, and thus provide evidence for developing trachoma control and prevention therapy.METHODS:The areas of investigation were chosen on the basis of past literatures, expert interviews and survey on the spot.In 2013, Hainan Provincial Office of Blindness Prevention carried out the survey in 7 counties including Dongfang City, Wuzhishan City, Ledong County, Baisha County, Baoting County, Lingao County and Changjiang County.In these districts, 356 pupils including 192 boys and 164 girls were examined, their age ranging from 1 to 9 and their average age being 7 years old.The targeted students received the trachoma rapid assessment by the adoption of simplified trachoma classification system which was recommended by the World Health Organization.RESULTS: No case of active trachoma was found among the 356 students.CONCLUSION:The prevalence rate of trachoma in children under 9 years is less than 5% in Hainan Province.Active trachoma is not a public health issue in Hainan Province.

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of elderly patients with diabetic foot ulcers and to explore its influencing factors and relationship.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to recruit 182 elderly patients with diabetic foot ulcers.The mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was adopted to assess nutritional status,and patients' clinical information,hemoglobin A1c,hemoglobin,serum albumin,C-reactive protein were also collected.Results The average score of MNA was 16.36±3.68 for 182 patients,and 121 patients suffered from malnutrition(66.48％),while 61 patients suffered from potential malnutrition(33.52％).The occurrence of malnutrition was positively correlated with age,course of diabetes,classification of foot ulcer,infection,C-reactive protein,hemoglobin A1c and food intake (P＜0.05);the incidence of malnutrition and C-reactive protein for patients with Wagner grade 3 and above were higher than those for patients with low Wagner grades,and hemoglobin A1c and hemoglobin were lower for patients with Wagner grade 3 and above(P＜0.05).Conclusion There was high incidence rate of malnutrition in elderly patients with diabetic foot ulcers,closely related to inflammatory state.Health care providers should provide targeted interventions in time,improve condition of malnutrition,and promote rehabilitation.