Objective To study the effect of capsule deficient strains CAP64 on apoptosis of mice microglia cell line (N9) cell in vitro . Methods N9 cells were co cultured with CAP64, the flow cytometry was employed to detect the N9 cellular apoptosis on different phase. Results The average apoptotic index of N9 after cultured for 2、4、8、16、24 hours with CAP64 were 9 33%、12 93%、15 37%、16 30% and 20 5%, respectively. There were significant differences between experimental group and control group. Conclusion Capsule deficient strains CAP64 can induce microglia cell line (N9) apoptosis

Objective To evaluate the effect of local resection for the tumor of Vater ampulla. Methods seventeen cases of Vater ampullary tumor were subjected to tumor local resection from November 1987 to December 1998, including 3 adenomas and 14 adenocarcinomas confirmed by pathology. Two methods of excision for the tumor were performed, including through duodenum to perform the tumor local resection in 16 cases, and through common bile duct in 1 case. Results Bile duct infection occurred in 3 cases. There was no death in this series. 12 of the 17 cases (70.6%) had been followed up for 4～61 months, median survival time was twelve months. In three benign cases ,one died with another disease 17 months postoperatively, two still alive well 38 and 7 months after operation respectively. In 14 malignancy, 9 cases (64.3%) had been followed up. Of the 9 cases, 6(66.7%) alived ≥ 12 months, 4 (44.4%) 24 months, two(22.2%) 60 months. Conclusions Local resection of the Vater ampulla tumor has advantages, such as small damage ,less bloodlass, quick recovery and less interference of the body, but it must be performed by rich experienced surgeons. It is suitable for patients with a small benign tumor, or in the high risk patients whose carcinoma showed no invasion or metastasis, and it also can be performed in patients such as those with atypical hyperplasia and suspious malignant tumor.

Objective To study the influence factors of the release rate of benorilate from sustained release matrix tablets. Methods The matrix tablets of benorilate were prepared by using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as the matrix material. The effects of the contents of HPMC, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and microcrystaline cellulose (MCC), and the method of preparation on in vitro drug release were studied by evaluating the n value in the Peppas equation. Results The increasing HPMC content led to decrease of benorilate release. However, PVP and MCC used in this experiment accelerated the benorilate release from the tablets. The drug released from the tablet prepared by dry method was faster than that by wet method. Conclusion The contents of HPMC, PVP, and MCC, especially HPMC, have effects on the release rate of benorilate, but the two preparation methods have less effect.

Objective To analyze the drug resistance and homology of Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) isolated from patients with explosive injury ,so as to explore the characteristics of drug resistance and prevalence of infection .Methods A total of 61 strains of AB isolated from clinical specimens of patients with explosive injury were collected .The antimicrobial susceptibility of these iso‐lates was detected by using K‐B test .All the strains were gene typed by using the pulsed field gel electrophoresis .Results The re‐sults of antimicrobial susceptibility test shown that the 61 isolates of Ab had high resistance rate ,and were multi‐drug resistant to common antibacterial agents ,except for tigecycline (the resistante rate was 11 .5% ) and minocycline (the resistante rate was 48 .0% ) .The 61 isolates of Ab were divided into 8 kinds of genotypes ,among which type A was the most prevalent one (25 strains) .Other genotypes were type B(10 strains) ,type C(6 strains) ,type D(4 strains) ,type E(8 strains) ,type F(3 strains) ,type G(4 strains) and type H(1 strain) .The isolates of Ab were with high homology .Conclusion Multi‐drug resistance is observed in strains of Ab isolates from patients with explosive injury .Clonal strains of AB may be disseminates among regions ,which indicates that high attention should be paid to these strains .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the postoperative morbility of deep fungal infections and the source and composition of the pathogenic fungi.METHODS Clinical data of 816 patients with post-operative deep fungal infections from Jul 2006 to Jun 2008 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The detectable rate of post-operative deep fungal infections was 24.82%,among which Candida albicans was the most common(65.69%),followed by C.tropicalis(10.57%);the rate of broad-spectrum antibiotic application in peri-operation was 96.45%;the infection site in the descending order was cardio-thorax,gastrointestinal tract,urinary tract,female reproductive system,blood and skeleton.CONCLUSIONS Operative trauma is an important factor that causes deep fungal infections in hospital,and is closely related to broad-spectrum antibiotic application.Positive prevention,timely diagnosis and effective treatment should be highly emphasized when dealing with post-operative deep fungal infections.

Objective To study the changes of anorectal motility and rectal sensation in the elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods The anorectal motility and rectal sensation were investigated by Medtronic PC-Polygraf HR made by Sweden in 35 non-elderly patients versus 19 elderly patients with UC, and 20 non-elderly healthy subjects (HS) and 28 elderly HS were as control group. Results (1) The static pressure, pressure of anal sphincter and the maximal squeeze pressure of anal sphincter in non-elderly patients and elderly patients with UC showed no significant differences compared with those in non-elderly HS and elderly HS group (elderly patients with uc vs. ederly HA:t= 1.311,1.298,1.401;nonederly patients with uc vs. nonederly HS: t=1.294,1.299,1.322all P＞0.05). When abdominal pressure was increased, the net increased pressure of anal sphincter was (2.8±1.1) kPa in the elderly patients with UC, (2.9±1.3) kPa in the non-elderly patients with UC. The pressures were lower in two UC groups than in HS groups [elderly HS group:(3.8±1.2) kPa; non-elderly HS group:(3.9±1.2) kPa,elderly patients with uc vs. ederly HS:t=2.238,nonelderly patients with us vs. nonederly HS:t=2.243 all P＜0.05]. (2)The rectal lowest volume of sensory threshold, the maximal volume of tolerance and the maximal compliance were (85±30) ml, (180±69) ml, (26. 5±8.8) ml/kpa in elderly patients with UC and (65±15) ml, (170±58) ml, (22.6± 10. 3) ml/kPa in non-elderly patients with UC. They were lower than in each HS group [elderly HS group (95±31) ml, (205±78) ml, (32.9±12.9) ml/kPa; non-elderly HS group:(78±38) ml, (190±50) ml, (30.8± 15.2) ml/kpa, all P＜0. 01]. (3)The rectal lowest volume of sensory threshold, the maximal volume of tolerance and the maximal compliance in elderly patients with UC were higher than in non-elderly patients with UC (elderly patients with uc vs. elderly HS:t=3. 121,3. 135,3.146,nonederly patients with uc vs. non elderly HS: t= 3.162, 3.141, 3.188 elderly patients with uc vs. nonelderly patients with uc: t = 2. 246,2. 239,2. 240 all P＜ 0. 05). The rectal lowest volume of sensory threshold, the maximal volume of tolerance in elderly HS group were higher than in non-elderly HS group (ederly HS vs. t = 2. 328,2. 301 all P＜0. 05). Conclusions There are some anorectal motility disturbances in UC. Higher sensitivity, lower tolerance, lower compliance of rectum and weakened anal automatic control function in UC may be associated with diarrhea and frequent defecation. The rectal sensation threshold to volume stimulus is higher in elderly HS than in non-elderly HS group. The sensibility to volume ectasis of rectum is weakened and the survivability of rectum is increased in elderly patients with UC.

Objective To assess the clinical value of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in diagnosis and survey of therapeutic effect for lung cancer.Methods The serum level of PTX-3,carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) were measured in 802 patients with lung cancer,462 with benign lung diseases and 522 healthy controls from multiple research centers,using ELISA and electrochemiluminescent assays.The clinical value of PTX-3 was assessed by comparing the area under receiver characteristic curves (AUC) with CEA and CYFRA21-1.The optimum cutoff value for diagnosis of lung cancer was investigated by maximizing the sum of sensitivity and specificity.By following-up,the serum level of PTX-3 was measured at 3 day,7 day,and 14 day in 61 lung cancer patients after surgical resection of lung cancer.Results In test group and validation,the serum levels of PTX-3 (g/L) are significantly higher in lung cancer group [9.21 (6.13-12.80),10.4(5.54-13.11)] than in benign lung diseases [5.28 (3.42-8.53),6.52 (3.84-7.89)] and in healthy controls [2.18 (0.54-5.44),2.44 (0.67-5.87)],[Z =8.161,14.118,(test group,all P ＜ 0.05) ;Z =9.832,17.595 (validation group,all P ＜0.05)].ROC curve showed the optimal cut-off values for PTX-3 was 8.03 g/L [AUC of 0.831,with a sensitivity of 76.1％ and specificity of 75.2％ in the test cohort; 0.828,71.3％,89.2％ in the validation cohort].Similar results were noted for early-stage lung cancer [0.764,79.1％,and 62.2％ in the test cohort; 0.744,71.3％,and 69.6％ in the validation].In the diagnosis of early-stage lung,the AUC and sensitivity and specificity of PTX-3 were 79.1％,0.764,71.3％ (test group),and 75.2％,89.2％,0.824 (validation group) significantly higher in these patients than CEA and CYFRA21-1.In small cell lung cancer,PTX-3 and NSE shared similar AUC differentiating LC from benign lung diseases and health controls.In following-up 61 lung cancer patients,PTX-3 levels before surgical resection of tumours [11.12(9.12-12.59)] was significant high than following 3 day after surgery(Z =4.32,P ＜0.01),and 14 day (5.12 ±2.54) vs.7 day (7.13 ±3.42) (t =2.143,P =0.023).The correlation between PTX-3 and CRP in LC,benign lung diseases,health control was 0.364,0.592,0.512 (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum PTX-3 is a valuable biomarker of lung cancer and early-stage lung cancer with high sensitivity and specificity and improved identification of patients with lung cancer from those with non-malignant chronic lung diseases.

Objective To explore the image quality and diagnostic efficiency of coronary CTA (CCTA) in patients without heart rate (HR) control by optimizing acquisition phase with auto-ECG-gating technology using 256-row wide-volume detector.Methods Totally 200 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) were selected and underwent CCTA with auto-ECG-gating on a 256 row wide detector CT (Revolution CT).Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the real-time HR,group A (n=50):HR≤69 bpm;group B (n=50):HR 70-80 bpm;group C (n=50):HR 81-90 bpm;group D:HR≥91 bpm (n=50).CCTA images quality and diagnostic rate were assessed by two experienced radiologists blindly,and effective radiation dose were compared among 4 groups.Results There were no significant differences of age,sex,and body mass index among 4 groups (all P＞0.05),and there was significant difference of image quality score among 4 groups (P＜0.05).Totally,800 coronary arteries and 2 575 segments in 200 patients were assessed.There had no significant difference of diagnostic rate among four groups derived from the segment,coronary artery and patients (all P＞0.05).The effective radiation dose in A D groups were (1.05t0.48)mSv,(2.41± 1.20)mSv,(1.27±0.55) mSv,(2.66±1.12)mSv,and the difference was significant (F=29.22,P＜0.001).Conclusion It is feasible to perform CCTA in single cardiac cycle in patients with arbitrary heart rate by auto-ECG-gating using Revolution CT equipped widevolume detector.And it can improve image quality and success ratio in patients with moderate and high heart rate.

Objective To prepare naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray and evaluate the ciliotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of the formulation. Methods The stability of naloxone hydrochloride was studied in pH3.5-5.5. Penetration promoting effects of absorp-tion enhancers on the naloxone hydrochloride were evaluated. Nasal ciliotoxicity studies were carried out using isolated toad palate. Rats were treated with naloxone hydrochloride solution by intramuscular injection of nasal drops to evaluate the pharmacokinetics. Results Naloxone hydrochloride solution was stable in pH3.5-5.5. Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(0.2%,W/V)had the best penetration promoting effect on naloxone hydrochloride. Naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray did not exhibit obvious nasal ciliotox-icity compared to the negative control. The nasal spray had a faster therapeutic effect and its bioavailability was similar to that of the in-tramuscular injection. Conclusion Naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray prepared in this research is stable with no obvious nasal cilio-toxicity,has faster therapeutic effect,and good bioavailability,so may have a broad application prospect.

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that the increase of reproductive activity and self-repair capacity of brain endogenous neural cells might be a valuable method to treat ischemia-hypoxia brain damage. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of He-Ne laser irradiation on the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells and brain functional reconstruction in newborn rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage.METHODS: Newborn rats aged 7 days were prepared for hypoxia-ischemia brain damage models. From the second day of model induction, rats in the laser treatment group were subjected to He-Ne laser irradiation. Acupuncture point included Baihui (DU20) on the median parietal bone, and Dazhui (GV14) between the C7 and T1 and the median back. After the second course, the learning and memory ability of rats were tested by Y-type maze test. Then brain hippocampal sections were made and underwent immunohistochemistry for nestin and microtubule-associated protein-2.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the laser treatment group, the ability of learning and memory were obviously higher than those in the model group (P < 0.05), however, compared with the sham-operated group, the difference was not obviously (P > 0.05). Compared with the sham-operated group, nestin expression in the dentate gyrus was significantly increased in the model and laser treatment groups (P < 0.05), and the increased range was greater in the laser treatment group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Microtubule-associated protein-2 expression was widely distributed in the cerebral cortex, and darkly stained brown dendrite presented with radiation-shape. Neurons in the hippocampal pyramid and dentate gyrus granular cell layer arranged regularly. Positively stained dendrite presented branch-shape and distributed in the molecular layer. No significant difference was determined between the sham-operated and laser treatment groups. But the microtubule-associated protein-2 expression was significantly weakened in the model group. He-Ne laser irradiation can promote proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage, induce its differentiation into neurons, thus, achieves reconstruction of learning and memory functions.