Iodine is an essential trace element,its physiological function is realized through thyroid hormone,both iodine deficiency and excess have influences on human health.After 20-year implementation of universal salt iodization in China,the iodine deficiency disorders have been controlled effectively,while the problem of iodine excess emerged.Because of different geographical environment,dietary habits and physiological status,some people did exposed to high level of iodine.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars carried out series of researches aiming at disclose the effects of iodine excess on human health.The health problems induced by high iodine intaking are goiter,hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism,autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer et al.Therefore,when preventing and treating iodine deficiency,iodine excess should also be avoided,so as to achieve the ideal goal of adjust measurements according to local conditions,classification guidance,and scientific iodine supplementation.

Objective To understand the characteristic of value orientation during occupational choice and occupational development of nursing students with different background. Methods The study was non-experimental and descriptive with questionnaires. Results The correlation coefficients on 15 work value scales in different background students ranged from 0.561 to 0.940, P value ranged from 0.01 to 0.05. And the coefficients were significant. But there were significant differences on some scales in 15 work value of students who were different in grade, sex, family or areas and so on. Conclusions Nursing stu-dents with different background place emphasis on the same work value and ignore the same others because of the same social-cultural background. But there are some differences in recognition degree of some work val-ue in nursing students with different background.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacists'intervention on prophylactic use of antibiotics in re-moval of internal fixation device for fracture. METHODS:Totally 117 patients underwent removal of internal fixation device for fracture were selected from some on third grade class A hospital during Mar.-Jul. 2015 as pre-intervention group. Totally of 266 pa-tients underwent removal of internal fixation device for fracture were selected during Aug. 2015-May 2016 as post-intervention group. Clinical pharmacists performed interventions based on Rationality Evaluation Criteria for Prophylactic Use of Antibiotics in Removal of Internal Fixation Device for Fracture. The prophylactic use of antibiotics was compared between 2 groups before and af-ter intervention. RESULTS:No unreasonable single dose or additional drug during surgery was found before and after intervention. After intervention,utilization rate of antibiotics for prophylactic use,the proportion of patients receiving antibiotics without indica-tions,the proportion of medication duration more than 24 h decreased from 84.6%,71.8%,48.7% to 17.3%,9.8%,4.9%,re-spectively. Average antibiotics cost,the proportion of total drug cost in hospitalization cost,the proportion of antibiotics cost in to-tal drug cost were all decreased significantly compared to before intervention,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the proportion of patients with unreasonable drug choice,unreasonable initial prophylactic medication tim-ing and unreasonable drug combination,the proportion of different antibiotics types,average hospitalization cost and average drug cost(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists'interventions significantly reduce the utilization rate of antibiotics for pro-phylactic use in patients underwent removal of internal fixation device for fracture,improve drug use without indications and ratio-nality of prophylactic use of antibiotics. There still are problems,such as unreasonable medication timing,continuous use time of more than 24 h,etc. It is necessary to continuous follow-up intervention.

Hypoxia is a general characteristic of most solid malignancies and intimately related to cancer progression. Homeostatic response to hypoxia is primarily mediated by hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) that elicits transcriptional activity through recruitment P300 coactivator. Targeting the interaction of HIF- alpha and P300 would thus constitute a novel approach for cancer treatment by suppressing tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Here, a screening assay was developed for inhibitors targeting the interaction between HIF-1alpha and P300. The nucleotide sequence of human HIF-1alpha and P300 were cloned into pBIND and pACT vectors, named pBIND-HIF1alpha and pACT-P300. The interaction of HIF-1alpha and P300 was identified in HEK293 cell using mammalian two-hybrid system. And compound chetomin decreased their interaction in this mammalian two-hybrid system. We further verified HIF-1 inhibition effect of chetomin in U251-HRE cells. Therefore, we established a screening assay combined HIF-1alpha and P300 mammalian two-hybrid system and U251-HRE reporter assay for HIF-1 selective inhibitors.

Objective To investigate MR findings and analyze the misdiagnosed cases of pituitary macroadenoma.Methods MR features of 1 90 patients of pituitary macroadenoma confirmed by operation and pathology were reviewed.Results 1 6 cases were mis-diagnosed as craniopharyngioma,chordoma,or meningioma.Among the sixteen cases,eight cases with cyst degeneration and hemor-rhage were misdiagnosed as craniopharyngioma;five cases with clival and sphenoid sinus destruction were misdiagnosed as chordo-mas;three cases with suprasellar and anterior cranial fossa extension were misdiagnosed as meningiomas.Conclusion Craniophar-yngioma,chordoma and meningioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical pituitary macroadenoma.The com-prehensive analysis should be based on a variety of signs.

OBJECTIVE:To study anti-inflammatory,analgesic and anti-fatigue effects of polysaccharides from Acanthopanan trifoliatus (ATMP) in rats and mice. METHODS:In hot plate experiment,150 mice were randomly divided into normal control group (constant volume of normal saline),aspirin group [200 mg/(kg·d)],and ATMP high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups [400,200,100 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d)];the threshold of pain was determined,and analgesic effect of ATMP was investigated. 150 mice were included in exhaustive swimming test and then randomly divided into normal control group(con-stant volume of normal saline),Chongcao yangshen jijing group [400 mg/(kg·d)by total saponins],and ATMP high-dose,medi-um-dose and low-dose groups [200,100,50 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d)];the body weight and exhaustive swimming time of mice were determined,and biochemical process was used to determine the contents of hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen, and serum levels of BUN,LDH and CK in mice. The anti-fatigue effect of ATMP was investigated. In carrageenan-induced paw swelling experiment,40 rats were divided into normal control group (constant volume of normal saline),dexamethasone acetate group [5 mg/(kg·d)],ATMP high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups [100,50,25 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d)];the degree of paw swelling was recorded,and anti-inflammatory of ATMP was investigated. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,the threshold of pain in mice were increased in ATMP 400,200,100 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d)groups;the exhaus-tive swimming time of mice were prolonged significantly,and the contents of hepatic glycogen in mice were increased significant-ly,while serum contents of CK decreased in ATMP 200,100 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d)groups;the content of muscle gly-cogen in mice was increased significantly in ATMP 200 mg (gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d) group,while serum contents of BUN and LDH were decreased;the degree of paw swelling in rats was decreased in ATMP 100,50,25 mg(gross polysaccharide)/(kg·d) groups,with statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight of mice before and after medication. CONCLUSIONS:ATMP has significant analgesic and anti-fatigue effects on mice and anti-inflammatory effect on rats.

Meisoindigo is an indigo natural derivative commonly used in anti-cancer therapy. In the clinical application, it was also found to have good therapeutic effect on psoriasis. In order to further understand its mechanism of action, human normal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT and RAW 264.7 were used to identify if meisoindigo could affect the inflammatory factors such as NO and other important cytokines which were highly involved in psoriasis. Our results indicated that meisoindigo decreased the production of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and reduced the expression of cytokines in LPS-stimulated HaCaT cells. And TLR4-TAK-NF-kappaB was a possible pathway mainly involved in the attenuation of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokine production by meisoindigo, which may take part in the therapeutic effect of meisoindigo on psoriasis.

Objective To explore the safety of iodine intake in adults.Method Euthyroid healthy volunteers aged 18 to 24 years(22.54?2.65y)were adopted and divided into 7 groups randomly.Each group was assigned to receive 500,750,1000,1250,1500,and 2000?g iodide oral doses daily for 4 w.Blood and urine samples during morning fast were obtained on weeks 0,2 and 4.We used chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA) to measure sTSH,FT4 and immunoradiometric assay(IRMA) to measure TPOAb and TGAb.Urinary iodine was evaluated.The dietary survey was done by recording method to collect food consumption data for 7 d.We also measured the iodine amount in drinking water,food and iodinized salt.Results All the volunteers were in adequate iodine levels.The median urinary iodine was 272.25?g/L,and the dietary iodine intake including iodinized salt was 346.24?g/d.We found all the iodide supplemented groups responded in the same way with a significant rise in urinary iodide excretion and in serum sTSH levels,with a small decline in serum FT4 concentration at normal range.After 2 w the serum sTSH levels in the iodide supplemented groups increased nearly more than double,and nearly two fold after 4 w.The subclinical hypothyroidism appeared at 500～2000 ?g/d after 2 w.After 4 w the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism kept the same level at 500?g/d(15%),and increased at other iodine supplemented groups. The subclinical hypothyroidism prevalence at the 750-2000?g/d doses was at the range of 28.00%～47.37%.No clinical hypothyroidism was observed among the people during iodide administration.Conclusion The dysfunction of thyroid in normal population was mainly subclinical hypothyroidism with an exposure to a high dose iodine intake(500?g～2000?g) in a short time.It can lead to subclinical hypothyroidism in the subjects at 500?g /d doses.In iodine-sufficient area iodine supplemented dose was not appropriate to exceed 500?g/d.We suggested the UL of iodine below 900 ?g/d.

Syl948 is a synthesized selective S1P1 agonist with novel structure. HTRF-IP1 test indicated that Syl948-P, the active form of Syl948 in vitro, has strong activity against S1P1 (EC50: 83 +/- 16 nmol x L(-1)), but its effect on S1P3 was very weak (EC50: 1 026 +/- 90 nmol x L(-1)). In SD rats, oral administration of Syl948 10 mg x kg(-1) significantly decreased the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), with the maximal PBL inhibition rate of 63%, which was as similar as equal dose of fingolimod (FTY720). Oral administration of Syl948 10 mg x kg(-1) had no effect on heart rate of SD rats, which was better than FTY720. Daily oral administration with Syl948 (2 or 4 mg x kg(-1)) significantly prolonged the survival time of the allografts of skin slice on mice. In summary, the above results demonstrated that Syl948 has great selectivity in vitro and good activity in vivo, which indicated its potential use as an anti-rejection drug in skin transplantation.

A novel series of fingolimod analogues containing diphenyl ether moiety were designed and synthesized based on the modification of immunosuppressive agent fingolimod used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Compounds were evaluated in vivo for lymphopenic activity and heart rate affection. Most compounds showed moderate lymphopenic activity. It is worth noting that compounds 6c, 6d and 14c-14e showed considerable immunosuppressive activities comparable to fingolimod. And compound 14e had no effect on heart rate.