In order to explore the therapeutic action and mechanisms of Chang An Capsules for treatment of ulcerative colitis, 62 cases were randomly divided into two groups and treated with oral administration of Chang An Capsules and Bu Pi Yi Chang Pill respectively, for 3 therapeutic courses. Clinical observation, pathological therapeutic effects, and changes of enteroscopic sign , serum immunoglobin, complement C3, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxide (LPO) before and after treatment were observed. Results indicated that in the treatment group, the total effective rate was 93. 80%, the therapeutic effects for enteroscopy and pathology were 81. 30% and 84. 40% respectively, and serum immunoglobin, complement Cs, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lipid peroxide (LPO) were improved or inhibited, with significant difference compared with the control group (P

Objective:To establish a method to determine vitamin B 6 and fluocinonide in compound vitamin B 6 gel.Methods:The contents of vitamin B6 and fluocinonide in the gel were determined by HPLC with a Lichrospher CN C 18column (250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5μm).The mobile phase was heptane sulfonate solution (adding 6.8 g potassium phosphate monobasic and 1.0 g heptane sulfonate into 1000 ml water) -methanol –triethylamine (35:65:0.2,adjusting pH to 3.2 with phosphoric acid).The detection wavelength was 238 nm and the column temperature was 25℃.The injection volume was 20 μl.Results: Vitamin B6 had a good linear relationship within the range of 15.0-300.0 μg· ml-1(r=1.000 0), and the average recovery was 99.65% (RSD=0.3, n=9).Fluocinonide had a good linear relationship within the range of 0.4-8.0 μg· ml-1 (r=0.9990), and the average recovery was 99.35% (RSD=0.85, n=9).Conclusion:The method is simple and reproducible, and the result is accurate.The method can be used for the deter-mination of the gel.

The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and Zn, Cu, Ca levels in the meal and hair of urban and rural elderly people were studied. 470 subjects above 60 years old (urban 205 and rural 265), 178 males with an average age of 65.70 +/- 3.48 and 292 females with an average age of 65.90 +/- 4.02, were inquired. The BMD and Zn, Cu, Ca levels in the meal and hair were measured. The detected BMD in urban and rural female old people was significantly lower than that of the males; The contents of Ca and Zn in the meal of the urban females were significantly lower than those of the urban males; The Ca, Zn in the meal and Zn in the hair of the rural females were significantly lower than those of rural males (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The BMD, Ca intakes, Ca and Zn in the hair of the rural old people were significantly lower than those of the urban old people (P < 0.05 or 0.01). There was a correlation between BMD with the Ca, Zn of the hair and dietary Ca, Zn, Cu or between dietary Zn with Ca, Zn in the hair and Ca, Cu intakes. The Zn, Cu and Ca levels in the meal nutrients were correlated with BMD to some degrees. Lack of Ca and Zn in the meal can cause the reduction of BMD.
Bone Density ; Cadmium/*analysis ; Copper/*analysis ; Diet Surveys ; Hair/*chemistry ; Nutritional Status ; Osteoporosis/prevention & control ; Rural Health ; Zinc/*analysis

Objective: To establish the methods for extraction and isolation of punicalagin from pomegranate peel, and further study the purification and quantification of punicalagin. Methods: Using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, punicalagin in pomegranate peel was extracted at room temperature by 50% ethanol with 20-fold volume of raw material. The content of punicalagin in the crude extract was determined by HPLC. To optimize the purification process of punicalagin, static adsorption and desorption experi-ments were employed to study five kinds of macroporous adsorbent resins (D101, A8-8, NKA-9, HPD-100 and HPD-500) for the one with the highest purification efficacy of punicalagin. In addition, the technical parameters of the macroporous adsorbent resin were opti-mized to obtain punicalagin with higher purity. Punicalagin was further separated and purified by using a reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. Results:HPD500 resin showed the best ability to absorb and separate punicalagin in among five kinds of macro-porous adsorbent resins. The best technical parameters were as follows:the mass concentration of sample solution was 15 mg·ml-1 , the loading amount was 2BV, the pH was 2 and the eluting solvent was 8BV of 30% ethanol. With the best process as described a-bove, the content of punicalagin extracted from pomegranate peel increased from 10. 3% to 30. 7%. The obtained punicalagin could be further purified to 61. 3% from 30% in ethanol eluate by the reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. Conclusion:HPD500 resin is the most effective in the purification of punicalagin from pomegranate peel, and the content of punicalagin can be dramatically increased after the purification by a reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. The optimized process shows good reproducibility and stability.

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and MRI feature of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate. Methods Three patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate were observed clinically and with MRI. Results The 3 patients were male. They all had definite addiction histories (the time of addiction for 3 years to 7 years ). There were special language and retropulsive dystonia besides the common characteristics of toxic encephalopathy:reaction retardation and disturbance of intelligence. MRI showed the change of generalized demyelination in bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemisphere, posterior limbs of internal capsule, corpus callosum, medial lemniscus, and cerebellum hemisphere dentate nucleus. The clinical symptoms of 3 patients were significantly improved 40 days after the adrenocortical steroid and neurotrophic treatment. The mild mood disorder remained in case 1. Conclusion Clinical manifestation and MRI of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate are known, so we could diagnose the patients of the disease in time.

Objective:To investigate the induction effect of NPPB,a chloride channel blocker,on the apoptosis of human glioma SHG-44 cells,and to explore its mechanism. Methods:The SHG-44 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control group and NPPB groups (50,100,200 μmol· L-1 ).The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The apoptotic rates were detected by flow cytometry.The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting method.Results:Compared with control group,the cell viabilities of SHG-44 cells in 100 and 200 μmol·L-1 NPPB groups after treated for 24 and 48 h were decreased significantly (P < 0.01).The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rates of SHG-44 cells in 100 and 200 μmol·L-1 NPPB groups were 24.64% and 41.85%,and they were higher than that in control group (4.17%) (P <0. 01).The immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax proteins in SHG-44 cells in 100 μmol · L-1 NPPB group were increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0. 01 ), and the expression level of Bcl-2 protein was decreased (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion:NPPB could induce the apoptosis of human glioma SHG-44 cells by the down-regulation of the expression of Bcl-2 and the up-regulation of the expression of Bax,and the activation of caspase-3.

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in production is frequently exposed to inadequate light, which significantly affects its agronomic traits via inhibiting their physiological, metabolic and developmental processes. To explore the mechanism how the grape plants respond to the weak light stress, we used 'Yinhong' grape and examined their physiology-biochemistry characteristics and transcriptional profile under different levels of weak light stress. The results showed that grape seedlings upon low intensity shading treatments were not significantly affected. As the shading stress intensity was strengthened, the epidermis cells, palisade tissue, and spongy tissue in the leaves were thinner, the intercellular space between the palisade tissue and spongy tissue was larger compared with that of the control, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were decreased gradually. Additionally, the soluble protein content increased and the free proline content decreased gradually. Compared with the control, significant changes in plant photosynthetic characteristics and physiology-biochemistry characteristics were observed under high intensity of shading (80%). RNA-seq data showed that the differentially expressed genes between CK and T2, CK and T4, T2 and T4 were 13 913, 13 293 and 14 943, respectively. Most of the enrichment pathways were closely related with the plant's response to stress. Several signaling pathways in response to stress-resistance, e.g. JA/MYC2 pathway and MAPK signal pathway, were activated under weak light stress. The expression level of a variety of genes related to antioxidation (such as polyphenol oxidase and thioredoxin), photosynthesis (such as phytochrome) was altered under weak light stress, indicating that 'Yinhong' grape may activate the antioxidation related pathways to cope with reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, it may activate the expression of photosynthetic pigment and light reaction structural protein to maintain the photosynthesis activity. This research may help better understand the relevant physiological response mechanism and facilitate cultivation of grape seedlings under weak light.
Vitis/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Photosynthesis/genetics* ; Plant Leaves ; Light ; Seedlings/metabolism*

The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and Zn, Cu, Ca levels in the meal and hair of urban and rural elderly people were studied. 470 subjects above 60 years old (urban 205 and rural 265), 178 males with an average age of 65.70±3.48 and 292 females with an average age of 65.90±4.02, were inquired. The BMD and Zn, Cu, Ca levels in the meal and hair were measured. The detected BMD in urban and rural female old people was significantly lower than that of the males; The contents of Ca and Zn in the meal of the urban females were significantly lower than those of the urban males; The Ca, Zn in the meal and Zn in the hair of the rural females were significantly lower than those of rural males (P＜ 0.05 or 0.01). The BMD, Ca intakes, Ca and Zn in the hair of the rural old people were significantly lower than those of the urban old people (P＜0.05 or 0.01). There was a correlation between BMD with the Ca, Zn of the hair and dietary Ca,Zn, Cu or between dietary Zn with Ca, Zn in the hair and Ca, Cu intakes. The Zn, Cu and Ca levels in the meal nutrients were correlated with BMD to some degrees. Lack of Ca and Zn in the meal can cause the reduction of BMD.

Under low temperature conditions, the hapten carboxyl-norketamine was synthesized by reacting norketamine and succinaldehyde acid.Identification result using electrospray ionization mass showed the hap ten was successfully synthesized.The artificial antigen confirmed by infrared spectroscopy was developed by conjugating hapten to carrier proteins with carbodiimide(EDC) method.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ioni zation time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS) showed that the ratio of hapten to BSA was 11:1.The antibody with high titer(5.12 × 10~4) was produced after immuning to rabbits.