To improve the accuracy of finite element method used in medicine field, it is necessary to build the finite element model including real structural information of tissues in human body. In this study, an edge extracting method was introduced on CT image of human body, and the method of building the two-dimensional finite element model from the extracted edges was then raised. Using the above methods, a finite element model of human body containing real structural information can be successfully made. The methods were used for many CT images of hospitals and tested to be simple, fast and adaptable. The study makes a good foundation for further finite element analysis based on medicine images.

[Objective] To detect HBV YMDD motif mutants using RDB hybridization assay in lamivudine treated patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection,as well as to evaluate the detection capability for clinical application.[Method] HBV DNA was extracted from serum for a total of 242 cases,after the PCR amplification,the hybridization was performed.By comparing the RDB assay results to sequence analysis,the concordant results were analyzed.The sensitivity and detection capability for mixed infection samples are also evaluated.[Results] There are 236 of concordant results for RDB assay and sequencing were obtained in a total of 242 cases,accounting for 97.5%.For all of the cases,there are 58 cases with coexisting mutant viruses in wild type viruses,accounting for 24%.The sensitivity of RDB hybridization assay for HBV YMDD motif mutants was 103 IU/mL,and approximately 10% mutant type strains can be detected from a mixed infection sample.[Conclusion] The RDB hybridization assay for HBV YMDD motif mutants is a simple,accurate,and economic method and it may be a promising tool for clinical application.

Objective To identify Mycobacterium abscessus rapidly with HAIN molecular assay genotype kit、gene chip and hsp65 gene sequencing,and to assess the clinical value of these three methods.Methods 13 clinical non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) of in-patient samples were collected from January2014 to January 2015,in the Department of Clinical Laboratory,Yinzhou People's Hospital,and meanwhile,these strains were identified with HAIN molecular assay genotype Mycobacterium kit and gene chip respectively.The hsp65 gene sequencing was used as the standard method to be compared with HAIN and gene chip.Results The results of HAIN kit and hsp65 gene sequencing showed that all the 13 strains were subspecies Mycobacterium abscessus,while that of gene chip showed that these strains were Mycobacteriumchelonae complex strains,and the subtypescould not be identified.Conclusion These results obtained from the HAIN molecular assay genotype mycobacterium system are in agreement with those obtained from the hsp65 gene sequencing,whereas the HAIN kit method is easier to use.

To improve the usage rate and quality of emergency equipment in the hospital, the emergency equipment management was studied. The specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in a hospital was analysed with statistical methods. The usage rate, economic effectiveness and management quality of the equipment were evaluated. Based on the practical experience, the superiorities of the specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in hospitals were summarized, and the inferior positions and their improvement approaches were proposed. As a result, the hospital resource allocation was optimized and the equipment management level was improved by using the specialized management and common use of emergency equipment in the hospital.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; organization & administration ; Materials Management, Hospital ; organization & administration

To assure the clinical quality and requirement of CT shelter used in field environment, the factors related with the practical application were studied. The evaluation indicators of CT equipment were investigated. Based on the technical modification of vehicle shelter CT, the scanning conditions of shelter CT were analyzed. Moreover, the comparative study was done between shelter CT and common CT in hospitals. In result, in order to meet maneuverability application in the field, vehicle shelter CT was restrictive by the field conditions, traffic impacts and running requirement. The application of vehicle shelter CT was affected by the factors, such as mechanical stabilization, moving precision, power fluctuations and variations of temperature and humidity, etc. The results were helpful to improve the clinical quality of vehicle shelter CT and made a base for the quality control study in the future.
Humidity ; Temperature ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; instrumentation

Objective:To construct the molecular transmission network of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic strains in northern Zhejiang Province (Jiaxing City and Huzhou City) and to explore the HIV-1 transmission characteristics in this region.Methods:A total of 371 newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients in Jiaxing City and Huzhou City in 2017 were included as study subjects, and the blood samples were collected and the basic demographic and epidemiological information were obtained. RNA in plasma was extracted, and the pol region gene sequence was amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to construct phylogenetic tree for identifying subtypes. The pairwise genetic distances were calculated, and the optimal threshold of genetic distance was selected, and finally the molecular transmission network was constructed. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The pol region gene sequences of 336 samples were successfully obtained, and 11 subtypes were detected, mainly including circulating recombinant form (CRF)07_BC (40.8%, 137/336) and CRF01_AE (31.2%, 105/336). Based on the 1.0% genetic distance threshold, the molecular transmission network of HIV-1 was plotted. A total of 38 transmission clusters (cluster sizes ranging from two to 28) including 119 patients were found, with males predominantly (82.4%, 98/119) and most of the patients aged over 40 (include 40) years old (52.9%, 63/119), mainly infected with CRF07_BC subtype (57.1%, 68/119) and CRF01_AE (24.4%, 29/119). The clustering rate of CRF07_BC (49.6%, 68/137) was significantly higher than that of CRF01_AE (27.6%, 29/105), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=5.27, P=0.022). Two large clusters C1 (28 cases) and C2 (11 cases) were identified, the majority of which were men who have sex with men (17 cases and seven cases, respectively). High-risk cases generally sought sexual partners in local or nearby cities through mobile phone dating software, of which the infected sequences mostly had high homology with other economic developed regions (Guangdong Province, Beijing City and Hangzhou City, etc.). Conclusions:The HIV-1 subtypes are diverse in Jiaxing City and Huzhou City, mainly CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE. The HIV-1 transmission networks are complex, among which high-risk cases may be the key factor leading to the HIV-1 epidemic in the region. Therefore, it is urgent to deepen the transmission network monitoring and formulate timely precise intervention and prevention strategies.

Rabdosia (Bl.) Hassk is a medicinal plant rich in enantiomers such as 15α-acetoxyl-6, 11α-epoxy-6α-hydroxy-20-oxo-6, 7-seco-ent-kaur-16-en-1, 7-olide and 15α-dihydroxy-6β-methoxy-6, 7-seco-6, 20-epoxy-1, 7-olide-ent-kaur-16-ene. It has high medicinal value and huge market potential, but the yield from wild Rabdosia (Bl.) Hassk species cannot meet the needs of marketization. Carrying out pollution-free cultivation of Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara and Rabdosia serra (Maxim.) Hara has become the most direct and effective measure to solve this problem in order to ensure the sustainable use of the resources of Rabdosia. This paper summarized a set of non- pollution cultivation system of R. rubescens and R. serra to achieve the"safe, effective, stable and controllable"target.

Three algorithms of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) are studied in this paper. The image resolution, anti-noise property and computation rapidity of the reconstruction algorithms are compared. As a result, it shows that back-projection algorithm has good anti-noise property, that NOSER algorithm generates images with good resolution, and that sensitivity matrix algorithm has moderate property.
Algorithms ; Electric Impedance ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Clinical experiments are always used to evaluate the safety and validity of medical devices. The experiments have two types of clinical trying and testing. Ethic review must be done by the ethics committee of the medical department with the qualification of clinical research, and the approval must be made before the experiments. In order to ensure the safety and validity of clinical experiments of medical devices in medical institutions, the contents, process and approval criterions of the ethic review were analyzed and discussed.
Biomedical Research ; ethics ; Equipment and Supplies ; ethics ; Ethical Review ; Humans

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery in the treatment of multiple benign mammary lumps.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 158 patients with multiple benign breast masses admitted to Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from July 2016 to February 2018,all of them were female,average age was (28.3 ± 6.6) years old,range from 19 to 51 years old.The patients were divided into minimally invasive group (n =122) and traditional group (n =36) according to different surgical methods.The minimally invasive group was treated by minimally invasive rotary excision,while the traditional group was treated by traditional surgery.The operation time,number of incisions,average length of incisions,cumulative length of incisions and healing time of incisions were compared between the two groups.The incidence of local hematoma,local infection,breast deformity and local residual were compared after operation,and the satisfaction of the two groups was aslo compared.Normal distribution measurements were expressed by mean ± standard deviation (Mean ± SD),independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison;non-normal distribution measurements were expressed by median (quartile spacing) [M(P25,P75)],Mann-Whitney U test was used for inter-group comparison.Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the count data between the two groups.Results As compared to the traditional group,the minimally invasive group had shorter operation time (20.0 min vs 40.0 min,Z =-8.590,P ＜ 0.001),less number of incisions (1.0 vs 2.0,Z =-4.423,P ＜0.001),smaller average surgical incision length (3.8 mm vs 35.5 mm,Z =-9.211,P ＜ 0.001),smaller cumulative surgical incision length (4.0 mm vs 67.2 mm,Z =-9.130,P ＜ 0.001),quicker postoperative recovery (4.0 d vs 7.0 d,Z =-9.334,P ＜ 0.001).There were no significant differences between the two groups in incidence of postoperative hematoma (4.1％ vs 2.8％,x2 =0.000,P =1.000),incidence of infection (0 vs 2.8％,P =0.228),incidence of postoperative breast shape change (1.6％ vs 2.8％,x2 =0.000,P =1.000),and incidence of residual (0.8％ vs 0,P =1.000).Psychological satisfaction of patients in minimally invasive group (95.1％) was significantly higher than that in traditional group (58.3％),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Compared with traditional surgery,the application of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of multiple benign mammary lumps has many advantages,such as shorter operation time,less number of incisions,smaller surgical incision length,quicker postoperative recovery and higher satisfaction of patients after operation.It has not significantly increased postoperative complications.It is worthy of clinical application and promotion.