OBJECTIVE:To explore the preventive effect of biomembrane on tendon adhesion. METHODS:A total of 40 Chinese articles about randomized controlled animal experiments and clinical applications which were focus on the preventive effect of biomembrane on tendon adhesion published from 1990 to 2008 were collected. And then,those articles were summed up based on experimental animals,grouping,materials,methods,results,and conclusions. Furthermore,clinical subjects received biomembrane were generally analyzed,and following up and functional evaluation were performed to overall summarize the clinical application of biomembrane for preventing tendon adhesion. RESULTS:Six out of nine articles suggested that cock was the major experimental animals,and the biomembrane could effectively prevent tendon adhesion due to good histocompatibility and permeability,and no effect on normal healing of tendon;therefore,it was an ideal material. Eight out of twelve articles suggested that there were no significant differences in biomembrane between age,sex,and injured region. Evaluation criterion in the domain of total range of active movement and active range of each joint demonstrated that biomembrane could successfully prevent tendon adhesion. CONCLUSION:Biomembrane is an excellent anti-adhesive materials with good histocompatibility and permeability.

Objective To explore the influence of lack of parental accompaniment, physical abuse and neglect in childhood on the psychological distress of college entrant students. Methods In a comprehensive university in Sichuan Province, 8367 freshmen were surveyed using the 6-item Kessler psychological distress (K6) scale and a questionnaire for lack of parental accompany, physical abuse and neglect in childhood. The students were divided into rural group and urban group for data analysis. Results The months of lack of maternal and/or paternal accompaniment were more in rural group than that in urban group (P<0.05). In rural group, female (standardizedβ’=0.139, P<0.001), neglect (standardizedβ’=0.237, P<0.001) and physical abuse (standardized β’=0.076, P<0.001) were associated with K6 scale. In urban group, female (standardizedβ’=0.091, P<0.001), lack of paternal accompaniment (standardizedβ’=0.050, P<0.001), ne? glect (standardized β’=0.169, P<0.001) and physical abuse (standardized β’=0.095, P<0.001) related with K6 scale. Conclusions Neglect and physical abuse are independent risk factors to freshmen both from rural and urban areas. Lack of paternal accompaniment in childhood is a risk factor only in urban freshmen. Further research should select more rep?resentative samples and also include more factors which may interact with the loss of parental accompaniment such as pa?rental divorce and conditions regarding so calledleft-behindchildren in rural area.

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effect of lumbrukinase (LBK) on the gastric cancer SGC7901cells, and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:The SGC7901cells in the logarithmic growth phase were selected and divided into control group and 2, 4, 8U·mL-1 LBK groups.MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory rates of proliferation of SGC7901cells in various groups in vitro at different time (24, 48and 72h) .Cell scratch assay was used to detect the migration abilities of the SGC7901cells in vitro in various groups.Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptotic rates of SGC7901cells and the pencentages of cells at different cell cycles in various groups.The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3in the SGC7901cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.Results:The results of MTT assay showed that compared with control group, the inhibitory rates of SGC7901cells in different doses of LBK groups after treated for 24, 48and 72hwere increased (P＜0.01) .The cell scratch assay results showed that compared with control group, the migration distances of SGC7901cells in4and 8U·mL-1 LBK groups were increased significantly (P＜0.01) .The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group, the apoptotic rates of SGC7901cells in 4and 8U·mL-1 LBK groups were increased significantly (P＜0.01) ;the percentages of cells in G1and S phases were decreased (P＜0.01) ;the percentages of cells in G2phase were increased (P＜0.01) .The results of Western blotting method showed that compared with control group, the Bcl-2protein expression level in the SGC7901cells in 8U·mL-1 LBK group was decreased (P＜0.05) ;the Bax and caspase-3protein expression levels were increased (P＜0.05) .Conclusion:LBK can inhibit the proliferation and migration abilities of SGC7901cells in vitro and induce the apoptosis;its mechanism is achieved through the regulation of expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3proteins.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection therapy with ultrasound-guided for benign masseter hypertrophy.Methods:Twenty cases (40 sides) of masseter hypertrophy were injected with botulinum toxin A, among which 10 cases were taken as experimental group and the other 10 cases as control group. The experimental group had preoperative ultrasound examination to measure the thickness of masseter, and use ultrasound-guided precise injection during the operation, and then ultrasound recheck to measure the postoperative masseter thickness; The other 10 cases of control group adopt traditional 3-point injection method.Results:The masseter thickness of the two groups at different period of times after treatment was decreased ( P<0.001), the most obviously decrease happened 4-12 weeks after injection. The mean reduction was 26.8% at 4 weeks and 28.4% at 12 weeks after injection. Masseter muscle thickness recovered by 22% at 24 weeks and by 20% at 36 weeks. The average follow-up was 6.0±2.4 months with no serious complications occurred. In the control group, there was a partial masseter bulge in one case. The satisfactory rate of the patients in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions:Botulinum toxin A injection therapy with ultrasound-guided for benign masseter hypertrophy is an effective treatment, which is more accurate and effective than the traditional injection method.