Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)refers to cognitive regression which goes beyond one'S age and education level,but does not influence the activities of daily living.More than half patients with MCI will develop dementia within five years.Therefore,MCI is considered as a risk status of dementia.Early diagnosis of MCI prevents against patients developing dementia. Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)technique quantitatively calculates the size of global and local gray matter voxel and signal intensity.It is a full automatic analysis technique of objective brain morphology.This article reviews the application of VBM technique in patient with MCI.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics,treatment and prognostic factors in malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma(MCT)of ovary.Methods The clinical data of 44 patients with MCT from January 1961 to June 2009 were reviewed.Results The median age of the 44 patients was 48 years(range,16-84 years).Mean tumor size was(16 ±6)cm.Thirty-two cases were diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma(73％,32/44),and 5 of them with the elevated level of serumal squamous cell antigen(SCC-Ag).Three of 37 cases(8％,3/37)were identified with malignant transformation in image examinations.Rapid frozen section examination and multiple-location biopsy were performed in 8 cases,and 5 of them were detected with malignant diseases.Twenty-two patients with disease confined within the unilateral ovary(10 with intact capsule,and 12 with ruptured capsule).Diseases extended extra ovaries in the others 22 patients.The median cumulative overall survivals were 126 and 10 months,respectively.The difference between the two groups was significant(P ＜ 0.01).Twenty-seven patients had no residual tumor after primary surgery.The median cumulative overall survivals between the patients with and without residual tumor were 10 and 84 months respectively,and there were significant difference between two groups(P ＜ 0.01).Seven selected patients with malignant disease confined within unilateral ovary underwent fertility-sparing surgery,and 2 cases of them had successful pregnancies and delivery,while other 4 cases with ruptured capsule recurred.Conclusions The most common pathology type of malignant transformation in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is squamous cell carcinoma.Comprehensive pre-operation image examination and tumor marker level detection might be of great help in diagnosis.Tumor extension extraovary and residual tumor after surgery are the most significant poor prognostic factors.Early stage patient with ruptured capsule should be very discreet to choose fertility-sparing surgery.

Objective To explore the risk factors in post-polypectomy hemorrhage in rectum and to discuss the appropriate interventions.Methods A total of 313 patients with 373 polypi were included in this study. The clinical data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Results There were 313 patients with colorectal polypus curatively resected and 373 polypi in total.There were 11 (3.5％) patients subjected to post-polypectomy hemorrhage in rectum.Regression analysis showed that the independent risk factor of postpolypectomy hemorrhage in rectum was the hypertension of patients (P ＜ 0.01 ) and this hemorrhage had no significant correlations with patientg'ender,age,size of polypus,pathological characteristics and the methods of polypectomy.Conclusions Hypertension of patients is an independent risk factor in post-polypectomy hemorrhage.

To evaluate the implication of methymalonic acid (MMA) in the early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD), a quantitative assay for MMA was established by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with stable isotope of MMA as an internal standard. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentration, maternal serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B12 levels were measured in the middle term of NTD-affected and normal pregnancies. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentrations in the middle term of NTD affected pregnancies (1.4 +/- 0.9 micromol/L, and 22.1 +/- 12.6 nmol/micromol creatinine) were significantly higher than that of normal pregnancies (1.0 +/- 0. 4 micromol/L, and 2.5 +/- 1.1 nmol/micromol creatinine). There was no significant difference between normal and NTD pregnancies for serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B12 levels. The results suggested that MMAs in amniotic fluid and maternal urine are sensitive markers for early diagnosis of NTD. Vitamin B12 is an active cofactor involved in the remethylation of homocycteine and its deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTD. MMA is a specific and sensitive marker for intracellular vitamin B12 deficiency. This study suggests that it is necessary to monitor the vitamin B12 deficiency and advocates vitamin B12 supplementation with folate prevention program.
Amniotic Fluid/*chemistry ; Biological Markers/analysis ; Biological Markers/urine ; Folic Acid/blood ; Methylmalonic Acid/analysis ; Methylmalonic Acid/*urine ; Neural Tube Defects/*diagnosis ; Neural Tube Defects/metabolism ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; *Prenatal Diagnosis ; Vitamin B 12/blood

Objective To study the expression and significance of Ezrin in triple negative breast cancer tissues .Methods We selected 102 cases ,including 24 ones of triple negative breast cancer ,58 ones of non‐triple negative breast cancer ,and 20 of benign breast disease .The expression of Ezrin in all the specimens was detected by SP immunohistochemistry .We observed whether there was any difference between the positive expression rates of Ezrin in the three groups . We also analyzed the correlation between Ezrin expression and clinicopathologic parameters of triple negative breast cancer .Results The positive expression rate of Ezrin in groups of triple negative breast cancer , non‐triple negative breast cancer , and benign breast disease was 15 .00% ,48 .28% and 75 .00% ,respectively . The difference between the three groups differed significantly ( P < 0 .01 ) . The high expression of Ezrin in triple negative breast cancer had relationship with histological grading and clinical TNM staging (P< 0 .05 ) , but not with patients' age , tumor size , or axillary lymph node metastasis ( P > 0 .05 ) . Conclusion Ezrin is highly expressed in triple negative breast cancer tissues ;therefore , it can be used as an important indicator of poor prognosis of triple negative breast cancer .

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use and strengthen the management of adjuvant medication man-agement in the hospital. METHODS:1 080 and 860 discharged medical records of 12 Vitamins for injection were selected from our hospital during Jun.-Nov. 2014 (pre-special comment group,i.e. group A) and Jun.-Nov. 2015 (post-special comment group,i.e. group B),respectively. The application of 12 Vitamins for injection,hospitalization stay,drug cost and the incidence of ADR were compared before and after adjuvant medication special comment. RESULTS:After adjuvant medication special comments,the propor-tion of drug use of no indication,unsuitable solvent selection,irrational drug dosage,drug use of drug interaction and contraindica-tion,drug cost and the incidence of ADR in group B were all lower than in group A,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in hospitalization stay between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists adopt adju-vant medication special comments to effectively standardize clinical application of 12 Vitamins for injection in our hospital.

This research aims at the process of three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction from medical body data using VRML and VC++, JavaScript language and focuses on the application of VRML for 3D reconstruction of medical digital images. The 2D medical digital images firstly are modified in VC++ language. Then, the images are manipulated by mould built in VRML and modified in JavaScript language. Finally, the 3D reconstruction of body internal organs can be formed in high quality near to those got in traditional methods. Furthermore, VRML browser can offer better windows of man-computer interaction in real time environment. As a new method and tool quite different from traditional ways of 3D reconstruction, VRML is useful for the visualization of medical 3D reconstruction based on 2D images and has a promising prospect in the field of medical image.
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Programming Languages ; Software

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effect of lumbrukinase (LBK) on the gastric cancer SGC7901cells, and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:The SGC7901cells in the logarithmic growth phase were selected and divided into control group and 2, 4, 8U·mL-1 LBK groups.MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory rates of proliferation of SGC7901cells in various groups in vitro at different time (24, 48and 72h) .Cell scratch assay was used to detect the migration abilities of the SGC7901cells in vitro in various groups.Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptotic rates of SGC7901cells and the pencentages of cells at different cell cycles in various groups.The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3in the SGC7901cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.Results:The results of MTT assay showed that compared with control group, the inhibitory rates of SGC7901cells in different doses of LBK groups after treated for 24, 48and 72hwere increased (P＜0.01) .The cell scratch assay results showed that compared with control group, the migration distances of SGC7901cells in4and 8U·mL-1 LBK groups were increased significantly (P＜0.01) .The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group, the apoptotic rates of SGC7901cells in 4and 8U·mL-1 LBK groups were increased significantly (P＜0.01) ;the percentages of cells in G1and S phases were decreased (P＜0.01) ;the percentages of cells in G2phase were increased (P＜0.01) .The results of Western blotting method showed that compared with control group, the Bcl-2protein expression level in the SGC7901cells in 8U·mL-1 LBK group was decreased (P＜0.05) ;the Bax and caspase-3protein expression levels were increased (P＜0.05) .Conclusion:LBK can inhibit the proliferation and migration abilities of SGC7901cells in vitro and induce the apoptosis;its mechanism is achieved through the regulation of expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3proteins.

PURPOSE: C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1) is a transcriptional co-repressor that is overexpressed in many cancers. CtBP1 transcriptionally represses a broad array of tumor suppressors, which promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that CtBP1 is a potential target for cancer therapy. This study was designed to screen for compounds that potentially target CtBP1. METHODS: Using a structure-based virtual screening for CtBP1 inhibitors, we found protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), a natural compound found in the root of a traditional Chinese herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza, that directly binds to CtBP1. Microscale thermophoresis assay was performed to determine whether PA and CtBP1 directly bind to each other. Further, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated Cas9 nuclease-mediated CtBP1 knockout in breast cancer cells was used to validate the CtBP1 targeting specificity of PA. RESULTS: Functional studies showed that PA repressed the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, PA elevated the expression of the downstream targets of CtBP1, p21 and E-cadherin, and decreased CtBP1 binding affinity for the promoter regions of p21 and E-cadherin in breast cancer cells. However, PA did not affect the expression of p21 and E-cadherin in the CtBP1 knockout breast cancer cells. In addition, the CtBP1 knockout breast cancer cells showed resistance to PA-induced repression of proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that PA directly bound to CtBP1 and inhibited the growth and migration of breast cancer cells through CtBP1 inhibition. Structural modifications of PA are further required to enhance its binding affinity and selectivity for CtBP1.

To evaluate the implication of methymalonic acid (MMA) in the early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD), a quantitative assay for MMA was established by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with stable isotope of MMA as an internal standard. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentration, maternal serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B12 levels were measured in the middle term of NTD-affected and normal pregnancies. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentrations in the middle term of NTD affected pregnancies (1.4 +/- 0.9 micromol/L, and 22.1 +/- 12.6 nmol/micromol creatinine) were significantly higher than that of normal pregnancies (1.0 +/- 0. 4 micromol/L, and 2.5 +/- 1.1 nmol/micromol creatinine). There was no significant difference between normal and NTD pregnancies for serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B12 levels. The results suggested that MMAs in amniotic fluid and maternal urine are sensitive markers for early diagnosis of NTD. Vitamin B12 is an active cofactor involved in the remethylation of homocycteine and its deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTD. MMA is a specific and sensitive marker for intracellular vitamin B12 deficiency. This study suggests that it is necessary to monitor the vitamin B12 deficiency and advocates vitamin B12 supplementation with folate prevention program.
Adult ; Amniotic Fluid ; chemistry ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; urine ; Female ; Folic Acid ; blood ; Humans ; Methylmalonic Acid ; analysis ; urine ; Neural Tube Defects ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Vitamin B 12 ; blood