Bilateral ablation of the cerebral parietal cortex in adult rats was performed. After appropriate days, the tissue surrounding the wound was removed and the brain wound tissue extract (EWTE) was prepared. Newborn rat cerebral cortical neurons were used as a culture model to test the neuronotrophic factors (NTFs) and neuritepromoting factors (NPFs) in EWTE. In order to investigate the origin of above mentioned factors whether related to the macrophages which appeared in the brain wound region at early stage, we designed to culture macrophages and collected the macrophage conditioned medium (M?CM) to measure their NTF and NPF activities for cultured cerebral cortical neurons. On the other hand, we also observed the effect of EWTE and M?CM on PC 12 (phehrmytema) cells and further studied the action of NPFs. Cur experimental results show that EWTE and M?CM contained NTFs and NPFs for cultured cerebral cortical neurons. These factors appeared in EWTE at 4 days post-lesion, with maximal level of their activities reached between 5 and 6 days post-lesion and there was another peak of NPF activity at 9 days post-lesion, until 13 days post-lesion also detected their activities. The NTF activity in M?CM was lower than that in BWTE, in contrast, the NPF activity in M?CM was higher than that in BWTE. There was NPF activity to PC 12 cells in BWTE and M?CM. According to the experimental assays, we suppose that the neurotrophic factors in BWTE mainly come from the macrophages which appear in the lesion site at early stage of injured brain, subsequently, it may relate to the astrocytes. The components of these factors may be complexity and multiplicity that remain to be solved.

Objective To explore the relationship between social support and professional identification among nursing students,and to examine the mediating role of resilience.Methods A total of 650 nursing students were evaluated with Social Support Rating Scale,Professional Identity Questionnaires for Nursing Students and Chinese revision of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.Results The scores of nursing students' social support,resilience and professional identification were (38.93±5.30),(66.79±11.93),(57.45±9.95).Professional identification could positively influence their professional identification(r=0.233-0.422,P＜0.01).Resilience mediated the relationship between social support and professional identification,the effect sizes were 52.27％.Conclusions Resilience plays a mediating role between social support and professional identity.It is important to pay attention to social support and resilience and take proper interventions to promote nursing students professional identification.

Objective To examine the psychological resilience and its influencing factors of the nursing students in medical university.Methods A total of 693 nursing students were investigated by using general questionnaire,Chinese version of CD-RISC,Professional Identity Questionnaires of Nursing Students,TCSQ,EPQ and SSRS.Results The average score of CD-RISC was (66.79±11.93),different grade students had significant differences in psychological resilience,resilience scores of nursing students were different in aspect of professional knowledge,occupation expectation and interpersonal satisfaction.Resilience was positively correlated with positive coping,professional identity,social support,extraversion,and negatively correlated with negative coping,neuroticism and psychoticism; Positive coping,professional identity,extraversion and neuroticism could predict 48.6％ of total variation in psychological resilience.Conclusions The resilience average score of nursing students was low.Nursing educators can implement mental intervention according to psychological characteristics of nursing students in different periods by cultivating professional emotion,guiding coping style and shaping healthy personality to promote the resilience and mental health of nursing students.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:The medical orders of oral tablet in the inpatients collected from our hospital in 2014,and the application of oral tablet splitting was analyzed statistically. RESULTS:There were 220 specifications in total,and 93 tablets were split for use,accounting for 42.27%. Of all split tablets,there were 52 kinds with split mark on surface,accounting for 55.91%. There were 357 602 medical orders of tablet and 15 202 of tablet split-ting,accounting for 4.25%. The top three categories in frequency of splitting were Benserazide tablets,Digoxin and Clonazepam tablet. CONCLUSIONS:To meet the demand of clinical treatment,tablet splitting has its rationality. It is necessary to enhance com-munication among pharmacists,doctors and nurses to weigh the pros and cons before treatment.

Objective To investigate the peripheral blood Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell levels and their correlations in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC).Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 30 PHC patients and 25 healthy controls in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from June 2008 to May 2009.Mononuclear cells were isolated and the Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells were detected by flow cytometry and compared between patients and controls by t test.Spearman test was performed to analyze the correlation of Th17 with CD4 + CD25 +regulatory T cell concentrations.Results The levels of Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in peripheral blood in healthy controls were (2.10 ± 0.87) ％ and (7.10 ± 2.32) ％ ; while those in PHC patients were (3.38±1.68)％ and (11.78±5.62)％ (t=3.640 and 4.162,P＜0.01).The level of Th17 cells was positively associated with that of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in PHC patients (r =0.821,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The levels of Th17 and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in peripheral blood are high in PHC patients and positively correlated with each other,which indicates that CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells may contribute to the disease progression and pathogenesis of carcinoma through inducing Th17 cells differentiation.

Objective To explore the current state-trait anxiety among nurses in children's hospital and supply some scientific references for the decision-making to healthy guidance and occupation behavior for the practioners. Methods Investigations were carried out in 410 female nurses in Guangzhou children's hospital by usage of the state-trate anxiety inventory(STAI).The results were analyzed statistically. Results The STAI of nurses in the children's hospital was higher than that of the norreal control (P ＜ 0.01 ).But no difference existed in the aspect of special anxiety (P ＞ 0.05) between them.The special anxiety of female cadre and technical staff was higher than the nurses in the children's hospital (P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion The high level of state-trait anxiety hinted us that we should pay attention to the anxiety status of nurses in the children's hospitals.

OBJECTIVE To establish a model for chlorpyrifos(CPF)whole-body dynamic inhalation exposure in SD rats and investigate the injury effects after acute exposure by CPF. METHODS By optimizing the aerosol parameters ,the animal acute dynamic inhalation exposure of CPF was established. Absorption sampling-gas phase detecting technology was used to monitor the concentration of CPF in the whole-body dynamic-inhalation exposure cabin by exploring the relationship between the concentration , particle size of CPF aerosol and the CPF inhalation time in the exposure cabin via a particle size detector. Using Bliss method,specific pathogen free SD male rats were allocated to the environment of CPF exposure at different lethal concentrations and time points. The symptoms and deaths of these SD male rats in different groups were recorded within the following 10 d. Based on the median lethal concentra?tion time(LCt50),the values of plasma cholinesterase(ChE)were checked at different time points after being exposed at different doses. RESULTS The mean concentrations of CPF aerosol at nine time points was 160.6 mg · m-3,the relative standard deviation value was 6.9%;the geometrical mean of aerosol particle size was 1.1 μm,and the geometric standard deviation was 1.8. The results met the technical requirements of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development regarding acute inhalation exposure. Under these equipment conditions,the LCt50 of CPF acute inhalation of SD male rats was 1654.2 mg · m-3 · h,suggesting that plasma ChE inhibitory rate was higher with the increase in the exposing dose,and that there was a significant difference as compared with the controls(P<0.05). CONCLU?SION The model for whole-body dynamic-inhalation exposure of CPF is applicable to rats,which can serve as an experimental platform and technical support to inhalation vulnerability and the research on prevention and cure of organophosphate industrial products and nerve agents.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for informationized construction of outpatient narcotic drug management in the hospital. METHODS:The narcotic drugs management system,which consisted of the hospital information system and the intelli-gent management machine of narcotic drugs were introduced in working procedure and informationized management,and its effects were evaluated. RESULTS:After informationized construction,the recycling of empty ampoules and used patches was included in compulsory management procedure;informationized management would be achieved completely from safety management,prescrib-ing and dispensing property management,prescription management,batch number management,outcoming and incoming manage-ment,five specialmanagement,etc. Compared with traditional dispensing mode,the dispensing time of each prescription was shortened under informationized dispensing mode,decreasing from(174±32.3)s to(128±30.7)s(P<0.05). Pharmacists could communicate with physicians online by the system;drug application,incoming,use,inventory reconciliation,special book for reg-istration and special book of account were all completed by electronic recording and electronic registering;the system could auto-matically complete the report form of prescription information for evaluation. CONCLUSIONS:It is feasible of the informationized mode of outpatient narcotic drug management in our hospital.

Objective To investigate whether correlation exists between quantitative perfusion parameters obtained from dynamic contrast?enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE?MRI) and different prognostic factors or immunohistochemical subtypes of breast cancers. Methods A retrospective analysis of DCE?MRI was performed in 87 breast cancer patients with 91 pathology confirmed breast lesions. All the patients underwent the immunohistochemistry after the operation, 80 breast cancer patients with 84 breast lesions were divided into different subtypes based on the immunohistochemical profiles. All the patients underwent plain MRI and DCE?MRI. The volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (kep) and volume of EES per unit volume of tissue (Ve) value were calculated. Results of the immunohistochemistry and observation results of the the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor?2 (HER?2) were recorded. Subtypes were also categorized. The degree of the expression of Ki?67 was observed simultaneously. Among the 87 breast cancer patients (with 91 breast lesions), 68 were ER?positive,18 were ER?negative, 60 were PR?positive, 26 were PR?negative;30 were HER?2 positive and 58 were HER?2 negative. Eighty breast cancer patients (with 84 breast lesions) were divided into different subtypes:19 were Luminal A, 49 were Luminal B, 7 were HER?2 positive subtype and 9 were triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The quantitative perfusion parameters with diffierent expression of the receptors were analyzed through Mann?Whitney U test, the correlation between the degree of the expression of Ki?67 and quantitative perfusion parameters was obtained with Spearman test. Furthermore, the distributions of the perfusion parameters between groups according to immunohistochemical subtype were compared using the Kruskal?Wallis test. Results Ktrans and kep value were higher in tumors with ER?negative and PR?negative than with ER?positive and PR?positive and difference was statistically different ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significance in the quantitative perfusion parameters between HER?2 positive and HER?2 negative (P>0.05). The degree of the expression of Ki?67 was 5%to 90%the mean value was 33%, the median and interquartile range of Ktrans, kep and Ve value was 1.33/min (0.88/min), 2.63/min (2.34/min) and 0.51 (0.22) respectively. There was no significant correlations between the degree of the expression of Ki?67 and Ktrans and kep value (r value was 0.24 and 0.22 respectively, P value was 0.03 and 0.04 respectively), and the degree of the expression of Ki?67 was not associated with Ve (r=0.00, P=0.97). Ktrans value was lower in Luminal A and Luminal B than that in HER?2 positive subtype and TNBC, kep value was lower in Luminal A and Luminal B than that in TNBC, and Ve value in Luminal A, Luminal B and HER?2 positive subtype were higher than that in TNBC, kep value was lower in Luminal B than that in HER?2 positive subtype, statistically significance was seen among them (P<0.05).Triple?negative breast cancer showed the highest kep value (3.99/min) and the lowest Ve value (0.41) than the other subtypes. Conclusion The different subtypes of breast cancer may be predicted to some extent with quantitative perfusion parameters, and there is no correlation between quantitative perfusion parameters and the prognostic factors.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of sequential add-on of pegylated interferon α-2a (PEGIFN-α-2a) for 48 weeks in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with low serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) titer after long term adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) monotherapy.Methods This was a randomized,open and prospective clinical trial.Patients who had been treated with ADV for 72 to 144 weeks,with undetectable serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level,low HBeAg titer (5 S/CO＜ HBeAg＜50 S/CO) and serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ＜5000 IU/mL were included.The patients were categorized into ADV monotherapy group and ADV plus PEGIFN-a-2a combination therapy group by random number table.Patients in ADV group continued ADV monotherapy and patients in combination therapy group added PEGIFN-α-2a to ADV for 48 weeks.After the treatment,efficacy of the two therapies were assessed by comparing the reduction of serum HBeAg reduction,HBeAg loss rate,HBeAg seroconversion rate,and reduction of intrahepatic HBV DNA and HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA).Pre-and post-treatment results were compared by paired samples t test.Comparison between groups was performed using indepedent samples t test.Comparison of rates between groups was performed using x2 test.Results The trial enrolled 55 CHB patients,and there were 27 patients in ADV monotherapy group,28 patients in combination therapy group.Baseline characteristics including age distribution,sex ratio,alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total bilirubin (TBil),serum HBeAg and HBsAg,hepatic HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA were all comparable (all P＞0.05).Twenty-five patients in ADV monotherapy group and 26 patients in combination therapy group completed 48 weeks treatment.HBeAg loss rates and seroconversion rates of combination therapy group were higher than those of ADV monotherapy group (x2 =5.38 and 4.69,respectively,both P＜0.05).HBeAg titers of both groups were significantly lower than those of baseline (t=8.43 and 8.50,respectively,both P＜0.05).The HBeAg titer of combination therapy group was lower than that of monotherapy group (t=5.60,P＜ 0.01).HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA in liver tissue of combination therapy group was (6.934±0.52) lg IU/mg and (5.63±0.54) lg IU/mg post-treatment,respectively,which were both lower than baseline (t＝7.12.6.67,respectively,both P＜0.01).HBV DNA in liver tissue of monotherapy group was (7.09＝0.43) lg IU/mg post-treatment,which was lower than baseline (t=2.67,P=0.02).After treatment,HBV cccDNA in liver tissue of combination therapy group was lower than that of monotherapy group (t =2.87,P=0.00).Conclusions Compared with ADV monotherapy,sequential add-on of PEGIFN-a-2a in combination with ADV can achieve higher serum HBeAg loss rate and seroconversion rate and facilitate the clearance of hepatic HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA in CHB patients with low HBeAg titer after long-term ADV monotherapy.