Four hundred and five pregnant women whose husbands had positive HBeAg,HBsAg and anti HBc were recruited in the study.Among them.218 women with positive HBsAb were completely randomized into group A and group B,while 187 cases with negative HBsAb formed group C.Women in group A and group C were injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)before delivery.All newborn babies in 3 groups received routine HCV vaccination.in addition babies in group A and group C also received HBIG iniection within 24 h after birth.The HBV infeetion rate of newborns was 12.1%in group A,12.8%in group B and 23.0%in group C respectively.

One hundred and twenty-two infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 112 infertile women without PCOS were interviewed with symptom checklist 90 ( SCL-90) and questionnaire of demographic and clinical characteristics to understand their psychological health status. Results demonstrated that scores of depression, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive and aggressive symptoms in infertile patients with PCOS were significantly higher than those in non-PCOS infertile ones (P < 0. 05 ). Acne had negative effect on their psychological health status (OR =3. 379, 95% CI = 1.096 ±10.419) . Scores of somzatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, aggressive and paranoid ideation symptoms were significantly higher in secondary infertile patients with PCOS than those in primary infertile ones (P<0. 05). Patients with PCOS had obviously psychological problems, especially in secondary infertile patients with PCOS ( P < 0. 05 ). Thus, it is suggested that psychological health status be evaluated in clinical diagnosis for infertile women so that they can be predicted and treated to improve its effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Whether overweight and obesity have impact on the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of women's body mass index (BMI) on the outcome of IVF-ET treatment. METHODS: A total of 184 cases were divided into 3 groups according to BMI: lankness group (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal group (18.5kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m2), overweight and obesity group (BMI≥ 24 kg/m2). Treatments of ovulation induction and IVF-ET were regularly performed in the Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. The duration and dose of gonadotrophic hormone (GTH) treatment, estradiol level at the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection, and the differences of retrieved oocytes numbers, fertility rate, embryo quality, implantation rate, pregnancy rate and abortion rate were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The dose of GTH used was in the overweight and obesity group was greater than that of the other groups (P< 0.05), and the dose was increased with BMI increasing. There was no significant difference in other aspects such as estradiol level, retrieved oocytes numbers, fertility rate, embryo quality, implantation rate, pregnancy rate and abortion rate at the day of hCG injection among the three groups (P> 0.05). All results demonstrated that overweight and obese patients require a higher hCG dose to achieve follicular maturation than normal weight patients. However, overweight and obesity does not affect negatively results of IVF-ET.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of primary bone non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma.Methods Recalling a case of primary bone non -Hodgkin′s lymphoma patient data in Affiliated Maojian Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine .This patient was hospitalized because of pain in the right upper arm.By improving the relevant examination and diagnosis of right humeral bone tumors ,We had successfully completed a bone tumor resection and graft as well as dual plate fixation .Results Pathological diag-nosis after surgery showed the primary non -Hodgkin′s lymphoma of bone ,9 months follow-up after surgery ,the treatment effecincy was good .There were no tumor recurrence and distant metastasis .Conclusion Primary non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma of bone is uncommon in clinical practice .If there is primary bone tumor with no obvious sys-temic symptoms in elderly patients , we should considered it as a possible diagnosis of primary bone non -Hodgkin′s lymphoma,in order to reduce the possibility of misdiagnosis and mistreatment .Short-term effects of surgical treatment of this disease is excellent .

Objective To investigate factors that correlated to compliance of treatment in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to provide basis for clinical treatment, specialist consultation and health education. Methods Compliance was assessed by a questionnaire designed by reference to Morisky-Green test and therapeutic principles for PCOS. Interviews were performed in 128 infertile patients with PCOS in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei in China during March 2009 to September 2010. Data were analyzed with logistic regression. Results Logistic regression analysis revealed that a total of 41 (34.2% ) of 120 participants investigated showed good compliance. Factors that might significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ) correlate compliance of treatment included body mass index (BMI) of the patients ( OR = 2.426, 95% CI = 1.428 - 4.121 ), length of their marriage ( OR = 0.398, 95% CI =0.225 - 0.704) and their concerns for adverse drug reactions ( OR= 0.216, 95% CI = 0.067 - 0.694).Conclusions Patients with obesity, shorter length of marriage and concerns for adverse drug reactions show lower compliance. Publicity and intervention to those patients should be strengthened in clinics to improve their treatment compliance in patients with PCOS.

A cross-sectional study in 116 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was carried out by using the short-form-36 health survey (SF-36), serf-rating anxiety scale ( SAS), and self-rating depression scale (SDS) from January 2008 to April 2008 in our reproduction center. In comparison with the healthy controls, the PCOS patients showed decreased quality of life (QOL) for all items of SF-36 (P<0.05) except for body pain or role-physical scales. The differences in SAS and SDS between the PCOS and the healthy controls were statistically significant (P<0.05). Our study results confirm the negative impacts of PCOS over the quality of life;subfertility, obesity, hirsutism, acne, complications, menstrual irregularity and educational levels might contribute to the reduced QOL.

Objective To evaluate the effects of body position and cuffed endotracheal tube (cETT) position on the intracuff pressure during tonsillectomy in the pediatric patients.Methods Sixty pediatric patients,aged 3-12 yr,scheduled for elective tonsillectomy under general anesthesia,were divided into group A and group B using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The cETTs were placed on one side of the blade of Davis retractor in group A.The cETTs were placed between the blade of Davis retractor and the body of tongue in group B.The intracuff pressure was recorded when the head was in the neutral position (T1),after changing to the head back position (T2) and when the retractor was placed for operation (T3).Results The intracuff pressure was significantly higher at T2 than at T1 in the two groups (P＜0.01).The intracuff pressure was significantly higher at T3 in group A and lower at T3 in group B than at T2 (P＜0.01).Compared with group A,the intracuff pressure was significantly decreased at T3 (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the intracuff pressure at T1,2 in group B (P＞0.05).Conclusion The intracuff pressure is affected by body position and cETT position during tonsillectomy in the pediatric patients,and routine monitoring of the intracuff pressure is recommended.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of improvement of gait behavior in PD rat models by low frequency electrical stimulation of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTN) by optogenetics method. Methods (1) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 1, a lesion group 1 and a photoactivation group (n=8); normal saline was injected into the right medial frontal tract (MFB) of the sham-operated group 1; 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the lesion group 1 and photoactivation group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-ChR2-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoactivation group received blue-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (2) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 2, a lesion group 2 and a photoinhibition group (n=8);normal saline was injected into right MFB of the sham-operated group 2; 6-OHDA was injected into the lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-NpHR-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoinhibition group received yellow-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (3) Three weeks after injection of adeno-associated virus, Catwalk gait analysis was used to assess the behavioral ability of rats in each group. Results (1) As compared with the sham-operated group 1, lesion group 1 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, and significantly decreased stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs, and significantly decreased swing speed of contralateral limb (P<0.05); as compared with those in the lesion group 1, the front claw spacing and back claw spacing were significantly shortened, and stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs were statistically increased in the photoactivation group (P<0.05). (2) As compared with the sham-operated group 2, lesion group 2 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, significantly decreased stride length of damaged lateral limb, and significantly decreased pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs (P<0.05); no significant differences were noted on the front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs between lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group (P>0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of low frequency electrical stimulation of PPTN improving gait behavior of PD rat models is related to activation of PPTN neurons.

OBJECTIVETo apply multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR) assay and sequencing in study of the carrying status of four pathogenicity-related genes of Vibrio cholerae (V.cholerae) and the variation of ctxA.

METHODSPrimers targeting cholera toxin sub-unit A gene (ctxA), toxin-coregulated pilus gene (tcpA), accessory cholera enterotoxin gene (ace), zonula occludens toxin gene (zot) were designed and the MPCR method was applied to detect the pathogenicity-related genes of 276 strains of V.cholerae isolates. The amplified fragments of ctxA gene were sequenced and the genetic homology of the amplified fragments of ctxA was analyzed.

RESULTSOf the 276 strains of V.cholerae, 93.9% strains from human sources belong to the pathogenicity-related genes type A (ctxA(+)tcpA(+)ace(+)zot(+) type) and 6.1% belong to pathogenicity-related genes type C (ctxA(-)tcpA(-)ace(-)zot(-) type). Type A strains from clinical sources were isolated from patients with mild to severe symptom and carriers, among which 68.5% were isolated from patients with mild symptom and 21.9% from carriers. All 63.6% of type C strains from clinical sources were isolated from patients with mild symptom and 36.4% from carriers. The proportion of type C strains that caused mild symptom was higher than that of type A strains. Of the 78 strains isolated from the environment, 9.0% strains belong to pathogenicity-related type A and 35.9% belong to the pathogenicity-related genes type B (ctxA(-)tcpA(-)ace(+)zot(+) type), while 55.1% belong to pathogenicity-related genes type C. The sequencing results showed little genetic variation among the amplified fragments for ctxA.

CONCLUSIONMPCR disclosed the polymorphic status of pathogenicity-related gene patterns in V.cholerae isolates of Guangzhou, providing effective means for further study on evolution of pathogenicity-related genes among V.cholerae isolates from human and environmental sources. This study also offers significant guidance for effective prevention, control and warning against cholera epidemic in local area.

China ; Cholera Toxin ; genetics ; DNA, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo apply pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis(PFGE) in the analysis of cholera outbreak events and to determine the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae ( V. cholerae) isolates.

METHODSPFGE using restriction enzyme Not I was employed in the molecular subtyping of forty-one strains of V. cholerae isolated in cholera outbreak events from 2003 to 2005 in Guangzhou area and PFGE patterns were analyzed by BioNumerics Version 4.0 software to perform cluster analysis. Pattern profiles were compared by utilizing of Dice coefficient and UPGMA(unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages). Comparison of PFGE typing results was performed with phage-biological typing and pathogenicity-associated genes typing.

RESULTSIn cholera outbreak events, PFGE could discriminate epidemiologically related and unrelated strains, having more discriminatory power than phage-biological typing and pathogenicity-associated genes-typing.

CONCLUSIONSMolecular sub-typing by PFGE could disclose the epidemiological relationships of strains from humans and the environment, providing molecular epidemiological evidence and support for the source-tracking of cholera outbreak events.

Bacterial Typing Techniques ; methods ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification