In this paper, a method for dose calculation with pencil beam kernels constructed by point kernel superposition was proposed to accelerate the dose calculation during intensity optimization iteration. With this method, the direct aperture optimization method can be integrated in the planning system based on point kernel convolution/superposition model. The dose calculation time was also reduced during the iteration. From the result of the phantom and clinical patient data test, it was concluded that this method could be used for the intensity optimization of iteration dose calculation as the satisfied precision due to the optimization result coherence obtained. By implementing the method in the planning system product based on point kernel convolution/superposition model, a lot of additional research and development works for the pencil beam dose calculation model as well as the product maintenance cost can be avoided.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Software

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions induced by antiviral drugs. METHODS: 52 literatures on the antiviral drugs-induced ADR were retrieved from VIP database and CNKI from 1999 to 2009. 523 cases in literatures were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: 82.79% of ADR cases were induced by via intravenous drip administration. Various clinical manifestation of ADR cases mainly appeared as allergic reactions, injury of digestive,circulatory system and urinary system,etc. 73 ADR cases were induced by acyclovir mainly appeared as injury of urinary system. CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to rational use of drugs and antiviral drugs-induced ADR, especially allergic shock.

Although the medicial sciences greately developed nowadays,diabetes mellitus(DM) which acts as a whole-life disease,remains a difficult problem to overcome.And it is a great challenge of lowering glucose levels effectively,preventing and postponing the onset of chronic complications to improve the quality of DM patients’ life.For better glycemic control,the writer who has many years of clinical experiences on DM therapy,combined results of several large-scale clinical trials,and then summarised the new trends of lowering glucose levels effectively,that is,"SELECT",which means sixkey points of glucose-lowering.

This article presents a brief introduction of the gap junctions on CA_1 pyramidal cells of guinea pig hippocampus observed by freeze replica technique. In freeze replicas of the hippocampus of guinea pig, gap junctions were observed on the E-face of the CA_1 pyramidal cells and the apical dendrites, the intramembranous particles aggregated as a large or a small area and arranged regularly or irregularly.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the feasibility and average infusion velocity of domestic atracurium by continuous in-fusion and to determine and validate its clinical valence.METHODS:80patients undergoing selective operation were treated with domestic atracurium0.5mg/kg to facilitate intubation under the flaccidity monitoring(TOF),the continuous infusion velocity was regulated during operation to keep the level of T 1 at1%～10%of the control value,the infusion was stopped20min before the termination of operation.RESULTS:The average infusion rate was(5.1?0.4)(?g?kg)/min,the drug effect starting time and duration of action of initial dose were(203?47)s and(41.5?4.5)min respectively;Significant correlations were found between the initial time of T 1 and PTC during the TOF reaction-free period and between TR value and DBS value at extubation time(P

This paper gives a general introduction of HIV/AIDS treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China during the past 20 years. Although the role of TCM in treatment of HIV/AIDS is promising, there is still a long way to go.

The scientific and rational application of diagnostic marker is very important significant in the early detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.The emergence of cardiac-specific troponin and the development of high assays make it possible for early noninvasive diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.The Natriuretic peptide used for the diagnosis of heart failure is a new cornerstone in the history of cardiac markers development.The future trends in new methodology development may find more potential new early markers and predictive factors,which could bring in new prospects for the early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases,but also more challenges for clinicians and laboratory physicians.

The article discusses how to carry on case-based learning in the Marxist Philosophy Principle teaching.Case-based learning helps bring up students' ability in ponder,judgment,competition and innovation and is an important method that enhances students'ability to find,analyse and solve problems.It is also an important teaching method that strengthens the effect of Marxist philosophy Principle teaching.

Objective To demonstrate the effect of bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) on the susceptibility to NMDA-induced seizure and hippocampal CRH mRNA in young rats. Methods 60 Wistar rats at P10 were divided into control group, ADX group and Sham-ADX group. In the next day after operation, 7 mg/kg NMDA was injected to induce seizure, and incubation period (in minutes) as well as degree was evaluated. In situ hybridization was used to detect hippocampal CRH mRNA expression. Results Latency was (43.65 ± 2.96) minutes in control group, (35.05 ± 2.35)minutes in ADX group and (42.60 ± 1.90)minutes in Sham-ADX group. Latency in the ADX rats increased significantly (F = 73.73, P < 0.05). The seizure scale was (4.40 ± 0.60) in control group, (5.56 ± 0.76) in ADX group and (4.55 ± 0.76) in Sham-ADX group. The severity of seizures in ADX group increased significantly compared with the control and Sham-ADX groups (F = 15.52, P <0.05). CRH mRNA expression was 20% in control group, 55% in ADX group and 15% in Sham-ADX group. CRH mRNA in the ADX group was significantly elevated (χ2 = 9.048, P < 0.05). Conclusion Adrenalectomy exacerbates NMDA-induced spasm seizures in young rats , which might be related to CRH mRNA expression in the hippocampus.