Acupuncture Points ; Child, Preschool ; Dyspepsia ; therapy ; Female ; Fever ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Massage

Objective To promote worldwide standardization of methods to determine creatinine by tracing to reference measurement for achieving universal accuracy measurement of creatinine.Methods The results of external laboratory assessment (EQA) survey in China and CAP were compared and analyzed. Results There was significant difference among different measurement methods and assay systems.Conclusion It should promote worldwide standardization of determine creatinine, which makes it trace to reference measurement liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (LC-IDMS).

Objective To study the influence of carbamazepine on the neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium. Methods Thirty-two ASA Ⅰ- Ⅱ patients scheduled for neurosurgical operations were studied: 16 cases suffered from epilepsy were treated with carbamazepine for 24 to 180 months (carbamazepine group); the others suffered from intracranial tumors without antiepileptic treatment (noncarbamazepine group). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with target controlled with propofol 5 μ g/ml was monitored using train-of-four (TOF) stimulation. The onset time and times of muscle relaxation recovery 25%,50%,75% was recorded. Results The onset time was no difference between two groups (P＞0.05),but the times of muscle relaxation recovery 25%, 50%, 75% in carbamazepine group [(23.9±3.8 ), ( 29.2 ±4.5 ), ( 36.0 ± 5.4 ) min] were shorter than those in non-carbamazepine group [( 34.0 ± 2.8 ), (40.5 ± 4.6),( 49.9 ± 5.3 ) min] ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The recovery index in carbamazepine group [( 12.1 ± 2.9 ) min] was shorter than that in non-carbamazepine group [(15.8 ± 3.1) min](P＜0.05 ). Conclusion The duration of the rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block is significantly shortened by preceding chronic carbamazepine therapy.

BACKGROUND:Tissue-engineered skin is a new method to cure the massive defects of skin caused by burn or trauma.Therefore, the seed cells and scaffold on the tissue-engineered skin have become the focus today.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Pubmed database was undertaken to identify the articles about tissue-engineered skin published in English between January 1990 and January 2007 with the key words of "tissue engineered skin, stem cell". Meanwhile, we searched Chinese Journals Full-text Database for related Chinese articles published between January 1994 and January 2007 with the key words of index "tissue engineered skin, skin stem cell" in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: The data were selected firstly to choose the full-text of articles met the criteria. Inclusive criteria:① Articles about seed cells of tissue engineered skin;②Articles about the scaffold of tissue-engineered skin. Exclusive criteria: Repetitive or analogical articles, Meta analysis or case reports.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 97 articles on tissue-engineered skin were collected and 69 met the inclusive criteria after eliminated the repetitive or similar studies.DATA SYNTHESIS: The development of tissue engineering provides a new approach for the treatment of massive defects with skin transplantation, and gets rid of some problems such as donor site shortage, immune rejection, disease spread et al.① Skin seed cell: Embryonic stem cell and various adult stem cells can serve as seed cell of tissue-engineered skin, and embryonic stem cell is the first choice, which is transplanted on the biological scaffold to acquire the epidermis, dermis and compound skin.②Research progress of epidermis substitute.③Methods to make dermal substitute.④Research direction of compound artificial skin.⑤There are many problems in wide clinical application of tissue-engineered skin, but more and more attention has been paid on its research.CONCLUSION: Tissue-engineered skin is the best choice to cure the massive defects of skin and has a wide clinical prospect. With the rapid development of life science, operation technology, material science and many other related subjects, the ideal tissue-engineered skin can be obtained with similar function and feature to natural skin.

Objective To clone the human β-globin matrix attachment region(MAR) and construct the mammalian animal expression vector pCAT-MAR, which contains the MAR and CAT reporter gene.Methods The human genomic DNA was extracted through phenol/chloroform and precipitated with ethanol, followed the MAR was amplified through PCR using the primers designed according to the GenBank sequence. After identified by agarose gel electrophoresis, sequenced and analyzed by the software, the PCR products were cut with restriction enzymes and ligated into the pCAT3-control vector to construct the pCAT-MAR vector. Results About 770bp band appeared in the agarose gel electrophoresis, the similarly compared with the published MAR sequence was 99.9%, the DNA fragment has the MAR typical features. The pCAT-MAR vector was demonstrated to be right through digestion with the corresponding enzymes and agarose gel electrophoresis. Conclusion The humanβ-globin MAR is cloned through PCR, and the expression vector pCAT-MAR containing the MAR is successfully constructed.

BACKGROUND:There are neuronal precursors in subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult rat. The precursors migrate to olfactory bulb along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) and differentiate into local interneurons of olfactory bulb. But whether cutting the RMS would affect the migration of subventricular precursors is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cutting the olfactory peduncle on migration of subventricular zone cells in adult rat.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: College of Life Sciences, Univesity of Science and Technology of China; Staff Room of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical College MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Animal Experimental Center , Xuzhou Medical College from September 1997 to January 1999.Totally 25 male adult SD rats were recruited and randomly divided into olfactory peduncle-cutting 30 days group (n=10) and olfactory peduncle-cutting 60 days group(n=15, in which 5 rats were used for immonohisto chemistry).METHODS: 30 days and 60 days after being cutting olfactory peduncle,the rats were put to death by perfusion for fixation. Consecutive paraffin sections of brain were made. Cellular density and cross section area of RMS were measured. Quantitative analysis of cells in the RMS was performed with immunohistochemical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The cellular density and cross section area of RMS, the expression of polysialylated neuronal cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM)RESULTS: Totally 25 SD rats were recruited. Died for operation and been failure for cutting the olfactory peduncle, so altogether 13 rats used for analysis, 5 rats in 30days group and 8 rats in 60 days group (among that, 3 used for immunohistochemistry). ① Morphologyand quantitative change of RMS after cutting olfactory peduncle: The Nissl stained RMS cells were distinguished from adjacent tissue by the characterization of darken stained and dense distribution. There is little condensed nuclear or fragment nuclear. Cellular density at the operation side in the olfactory peduncle -cutting 30 days group and olfactory peduncle -cutting 60 days group was higher than that in the control side (P ＜ 0.01). Relative cellular density of RMS at surgical plane of operation side in the olfactory peduncle -cutting 60 days group was higher than that in the olfactory peduncle -cutting 30 days group(P ＜ 0.01 ). The cross section area of operation side in the two groups was both larger than that of the control side (P ＜ 0.01). There was no difference of cross section area between olfactory peduncle -cutting 60 days group and olfactory peduncle -cutting 30days group (P ＞ 0.05). ②Immunohistochemical reaction of RMS after cutting alfactory peduncle operation: 60 days after cutting olfactory peduncle, the accumulated cells in RMS were positive to polysialylated neuronal cell adhesion molecule.CONCLUSION: Cutting the olfactory peduncle results in the accumulation of neuronal precursors of RMS and increases the differentiation of migrating neuronal precursors.

Objective　To study the characteristics of hearing loss caused by local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea of guinea pigs. Methods　The local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea basal turn near terminal or in the cupule of cochlea of guinea pigs were induced by photochemical reaction. The morphological changes in the cochlea were observed with light microscopy. The compound action potential N1 (CAPN1) amplitude, latency, threshold shift evoked by short tone burst were recorded by Madsen 2250 system. Results　When the local microcirculatory disorders took place in the cochlea basal turn near terminal, the hearing losses were more remarkable in the high-range frequencies, but with low-range ones to some extent. If the local microcirculatory disorders was induced in the cochlea cupule, the hearing losses were mainly in the low-range frequencies companying with some high-frequency ones. Conclusion　Local microcirculatory disorders in the different parts of the cochlea cause different types of hearing loss in different frequency.

Objective　To investigate the effects of escharectomy at different time points on myocardial damages in scalded rats during shock stage. Methods　A total of 42 rats were inflicted with 30% TBSA Ⅲ scalding on their backs and then randomly and equally divided into 7 groups: burned control group (C) and escharectomy groups at hour 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 postburn. Another 6 rats were employed as normal control (N). The serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzymes MB (CKMB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined and morphological changes in myocardial tissues were observed 72 hours after the burn. Results　The serum levels of CKMB and AST were higher in the C group than in other groups, and the levels in escharectomy groups were increased along with the prolongation of scar cutting. Pathologically, the myocardial tissues were severely damaged in C group, and the later the scars were cut, the severe the damages were in the escharectomy groups except the 2 groups with scars cut at hour 1 and 3. Conclusion　Escharectomy in shock stage can effectively prevent the damage of the myocardial tissues from postburn injury and the earlier it is performed, the better the result is.

Objective:To study on regional differences of technical efficiency under medical and health system in China, and analyze on the influence factors of technical efficiency. Methods: Based on the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2011, the stochastic frontier production function of healthcare system was established for empirical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Overall, the average technical efficiency of medical and health system in China presented an increasing tendency, however, a significant difference was found in regional efficiency. The non-efficiency of medical and health system in different areas could be reduced by the proportion of tertiary hospitals in all medical institutions, the ratio of profit-making medical institutions in all medical institutions and the population density;while the influences of highway density and per capital education year on technical efficiency in different areas are different.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of ulinastatin combined with somatostatin in the treatment of acute severe pan-creatitis. Methods:Totally 130 cases of severe acute pancreatitis patients were randomly divided into two groups with 65 cases in each. The control group was given the routine treatment and 3mg somatostatin in 250ml sodium chloride injections, ivd, bid, and the treatment group was given 10ku ulinastatin in 250ml sodium chloride injections additionally, ivd, bid. After the 10-day treatment, the clinical symptom disappearance time, the recovery time of respiratory and heart rate, length of stay, blood and urine amylase, and clin-ical total effective rate were compared between the two groups. Results:The symptom disappearance time, recovery time of respiratory and heart rate and length of stay in the treatment group were all shorter than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The recovery time of serum and urine amylase in the two groups was without significant difference (P>0. 05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was 95. 38%, while that of the control group was 73. 84% with significant difference (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The application of ulinastatin in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis shows obviously curative effect, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and shorten the course of disease, and is valuable in clinical use.