Objective To observe the evolution process of cerebral blood flow spectrum in brain death by transcranial doppler ultrasound.Methods To detect the blood flow of bilateral middle cerebral artery in brain dead patients by transcranial doppler ultrasound.Results Twenty brain dead patients were collected in the study.The blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery ranged s from 6 to 37cm/s,and the mean velocity was (12.13 ± 3.15)cm/s.There were three characteristic spectrums which include oscillatory wave (reverse wave in diastolic),nails wave (tip small wave in systolic),no blood flow sign,and they appeared in turn accoerding to worsen of the disease.The heartbeat irreversibly stopped within 8 days after the appearing of oscillatory wave,and ninty percent of the cases had the regular blood flow spectrums of oscillatory wave-nails wave-no blood flow sign.Conclusion The three regularly characteristic transcranial doppler ultrasound blood flow spectrums,which include oscillatory wave,nails wave and no blood flow sign could facilitate the diagnosis of brain death.

Glechoma hederocea agglutinin (Gleheda) is a novel glycosylated lectin isolated from the leaves of G. hederacea. Like other glycosylated proteins, the detection of Gleheda by immunological methods is often hampered by the cross-reactivity of the polyclonal antibodies with unrelated glycoproteins. Hence a protocol to purify monospecific polyclonal antibodies from a crude antiserum raised against Gleheda was developed. After selective ammonium sulfate precipitation and successive affinity chromatography on columns of Sepharose 4B with immobilized Gleheda and Robinia pseudoacacia agglutinin (RPA), respectively, ion-exchange chromatography on a column of Q Fast Flow was used for further purification. The specificity of the antibody fractions from each step was tested by double immunodiffusion assay and analyzed by Western blot. Results revealed that affinity chromatography of the immunoglobulin fraction on the immobilized Gleheda antigen yielded an antibody preparation that still cross-reacted with many proteins in leaf extracts. Depletion of nonspecific cross-reacting antibodies directed against the glycan part of the glycoprotein by affinity chromatography on immobilized RPA removed most but not all nonspecifically reacting antibodies. Only upon further purification by ion exchange chromatography an IgG fraction of monospecific antibodies that reacted exclusively with Gleheda could be obtained and accordingly was suitable for immunodetection studies. This antibody purification procedure promises simplicity and efficiency. In addition, this method does not require expensive facilities.

Objective To observe if IL-2 gene can express in hepatic carcinoma cells by double targeting of hepatitis B virus envelope (HBVE) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) promoter.Methods HepG2 cells,L02 cells,and HepG2.2.15 cells were cultured in vitro.HBVE was obtained by PEG8000 concentration assay,and the acquired HBVE was used to pack recombintional gene.Human AFP promoter-IL-2 recombinational gene was obtained by PCR.Then HepG2 cells and L02 cells were transfected by transient transfection and the expression of IL-2 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results IL-2 was detected in HepG2 cells by RT-PCR and Western blot but not in L02 cells.Conclusion By using HBVE as a gene transporter,human AFP promoter-IL-2 recombinational gene can express in hepatic carcinoma cells,thereby it can increase the safety of exogenous gene transfection of hepatic carcinoma cells.

Objective　To observe the presence of synergistic efficacy between adenovirus mediated bcl-Xs (Adv-bcl-Xs) gene therapy and chemotherapy on ovarian cancer cell. Methods　NuTu-19 cells were infected by different titers of Adv-bcl-Xs and were treated with topotecan at the same time. Cell proliferation was measured 3 days later by MTT. Graphical representations of the statistical analyses recorded their interaction in tumor cells. Results　The statistical results and graphical representations of the statistical modeling showed that the synergistic antiproliferative activity was present (P＜0.01). Conclusion　There were synergistic efficacies between Adv-bcl-Xs gene therapy and Topotecan on ovarian cancer cell.

The fluid status variate sharply in patients after operation. Appropriate fluid therapy is essential to reduce perioperative complications, shorten hospitalization days and improve prognosis of postoperative patients. In this article, we reviewed the relevant issues about fluid therapy strategy for postoperative patients such as the variation of body fluid in patients after operation, the assessment of fluid status, the establishment of the goal of fluid therapy and the selection of strategy or fluid for fluid therapy in patients after operation.

Objective To discuss the treatment effect of doctor-nurse cooperation in multi-plane operation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.Methods 73 patients with multi-planar surgery due to OSAHS were divided into the observation group (38 cases) and the control group(35 cases) in our department from January 2008 to December 2012.Health care was strengthened throughout the course of treatment in the observation group and traditional treatment and care were adopted in the control group.Short-term and long-term efficacy,intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.Results The operation of short-term effective rate was 100％,and significant differences were found in the long-term efficacy between the two groups.There were significant differences in nasal bleeding during surgery,one-time intubation success rate and the significances were found in postoperative pain,extubation time,lung infection and soft palate regurgitation between two groups.Conclusions The implementation of the multi-plane surgery for patients with OSAHS can effectively improve the short-term efficacy of the patients throughout the course of treatment.Strengthening doctor-nurse cooperation effectively improve the patients' long-term efficacy,reducing the patients' intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Objective To observe the effect of Tongsaimai Tablets on the leptomeningeal collateral circulation established after acute cerebral infarction by TCD.Methods 50 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control group (received conventional treatment) and treatment group (received Tongsainai Tablets three times a day,1.75g each time,on the basis of conventional treatment).The leptomeningeal collateral circulation of the two groups were observed after 6 months.Results The factors which may affect the leptomeningeal collateral circulation,such as age,the prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia,original compensatory status of cerebral artery between the two groups had no statistically significant differences.The open rate of leptomeningeal collateral circulation in the treatment group was 64.00％,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(32.00％)(P =0.024).Conclusion Tongsaimai Tablets can promote the formation of leptomeningeal collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis is a condition resulting in an increased risk of skeletal fractures due to a reduction in bone mass and degradation in bone microstructure. Treatment of osteoporosis usual y involves the application of pharmacological agents as the first choice. Pharmacotherapy alone is not sufficient for the comprehensive management of osteoporosis, as pharmacotherapy has no effect on increasing muscle strength, improving balance ability, and preventing fal s. Exercise, considered as an important non-pharmacologic therapy, plays a considerable role in the prevention of osteoporosis. The importance of therapeutic exercises in the treatment of osteoporosis has been recognized gradual y.
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the effect of exercise in the treatment of osteoporosis combined with some of the latest research literatures.
METHODS:Clinical reports and mechanism researches about effects of different types of exercise on bone strength especial y the treatment of osteoporosis were retrieved from CNKI database and Medline database with the key words of“osteoporosis, bone mineral density, bone strength, treatment, exercise, stress, tai chi, muscle, bone architecture”in both Chinese and English from January 2001 to February 2013. The repetitive researches and atypical reports were eliminated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSLON:Therapeutic exercises including aerobic exercise, resistance, impact movement, and vibration, which can safely increase bone strength and muscle strength, improve equilibrium function, and prevent fal s and fractures. For spinal deformity patients, appropriate orthotics can improve the security and promote exercise therapy. As with drug therapy, therapeutic exercises are also individualized. Exercise program should be selected under the insurance of good compliance and security. Exercises that involve high strain rates seem to be more effective than others. However, al these benefits are comparatively smal , and should be maintained by continuous exercises.

Objective:To evaluate color doppler ultrasound diagnosis value of cesarean scar pregnancy.Methods: Using color doppler ultrasound probe belly and vaginal probe, faceted searches in patients with suspected scar pregnancy, observe suspicious gestational sac or clutter echo of the location, size, shape, and presence of complications, and radiography, video records, follow-up.Results: The abdominal and vaginal color to exceed cesarean scar pregnancy can make a definite diagnosis.Conclusion: Color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in cesarean scar pregnancy has a characteristic ultrasonographic performance, ultrasound can accurately make a clear diagnosis. It is the first choice for clinical diagnosis.

Deubiquitylases remove ubiquitin moieties from different substrates to regulate protein activity and cell homeostasis .Since this posttranslational modification plays a role in several different cellular functions ,its deregulation has been associated with different pathologies .Aberrant expression of Ubiquitin -Specific Peptidase 22(USP22)has been associated with poor cancer prognosis .This article reviews the research status of USP 22.