BACKGROUND:Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor in infants and children. Targeting cancer stem cel therapy can be expected to cure cancer radicaly, but because of smal number, anti-apoptotic and anti-chemotherapy capacity, cancer stem cels are not sensitive to the radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the expression of stem cel marker CD133 in neuroblastoma and its clinical significance.
METHODS:Fifty-eight children with neuroblastoma admitted at Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China from June 2004 to February 2014 were enroled, including 46 cases of neuroblastoma and 12 cases of ganglion neuroblastoma. Then, the expression level of CD133 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry method, and the relationship between pathological types, International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage, survival time after surgery and the expression level of CD133 was explored.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were 22 cases (48%) of neuroblastoma positive for CD133, and 4 cases (33%) of ganglion neuroblastoma positive for CD133. CD133 mainly expressed in the tumor cel cytoplasm. The expression rates of CD133 in different clinical stages were significantly different (P=0.011), which were 21% for stages 1 and 2, 64% for stages 3 and 4, 36% for stage 4S. And the positive rates of CD133 between patients with good prognosis and patients with poor prognosis were significantly different (P=0.031), which were 29% and 57%, respectively. The life cycle of CD133-negative patients was significantly longer than that of CD133-positive infants (P < 0.05). There were tightly connections between CD133 and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of neuroblastoma, and thus, CD133 is of great significance to assess the survival time after surgery and improve of the diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma.

Objective To investigate clinical effect and safety difference of vinorelbine and docetaxel sepa-rately combined with lobaplatin in treatment of recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.Methods 160 patients with recurrent and metastatic breast cancer were chosen from July 2009 to July 2012 in our hospital,and they were random-ly divided into two groups,including A group (80 patients)with vinorelbine and B group (80 patients)with docetaxel on the basis of lobaplatin.The clinical efficacy for short -term,survival rate with follow -up and side effects incidence of both groups were compared.Results The RR and DCR of A group were 51.25%,68.75%,which of B group were 55.00%,71.25%.There was no significant difference in the clinical efficacy for short -term between the two groups (χ2 =1.04,2.37,all P >0.05).The survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years after treatment of A group were 60.00%,53.75%,28.75%,those of B group were 67.50%,57.50%,31.25%.There was no significant difference in the survival rate with follow -up between the two groups (χ2 =2.14,3.01,1.87,all P >0.05).The incidence rate of drug side effects of B group was significantly lower than A group(χ2 =13.14,9.33,15.74,11.65,8.29,all P <0.05).Conclusion Vinorelbine and docetaxel separately combined with lobaplatin in treatment of recurrent and metastatic breast cancer can efficiently control the disease progress and prolong the survival time;but docetaxel com-bined with lobaplatin treatment is helpful to reduce the risk of serious side effects.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the biochemical and pathological changes in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections.

METHODSC57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into normal control group (NC group), high-fat diet group (HC group) and high-fat diet plus STZ group (HC+STZ group). The mice were fed on normal chow or a high-fat diet for 1 month before two introperitoneal injections of STZ (40 mg/kg) or citrate buffer with an interval of 24 h as appropriate. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was detected every week for 4 weeks, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed one month after the injections, after which the biochemical profiles, islet and liver were evaluated by immunohistochemical and pathological analysis.

RESULTSIn HC+STZ group, FBG was above the cutoff value (13.89 mmol/L) in 75% of the mice at 1 week after STZ injections and in all the mice at two weeks except for the death of 1 mouse, with a success rate of modeling of 91.3%. FBG in HC group, though slightly higher than that in NC group, remained normal (6.8 mmol/L). The body weight in HC+STZ and HC groups was significantly higher than that in NC group after feeding but without obvious increases after the injections (P<0.01). Blood glucose in HC+STZ group at 0.5 to 2 h after OGTT and the area under curve (AUC) were higher than those in NC and HC groups (P<0.01); the AUC in HC group was a also higher than that in NC group (P<0.05). Plasma creatinine was significantly higher in HC+STZ group than in NC (P<0.01) and HC (P<0.05) groups. Insulin secretion by the islets decreased obviously in HC+STZ and HC group. The mice in HC+STZ group showed atrophy, fibrosis, and vacuolization in the islets with mild fatty liver but no visible renal pathologies.

CONCLUSIONHigh-fat diet and low-dose STZ injections can induce T2DM in mice with very similar biochemical and pathological changes to human T2DM and with such complications as fatty liver.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; physiopathology ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Liver ; physiopathology ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; pathology ; Kidney ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Streptozocin

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-20a-5p on human nephroblastoma cell line WiT49 transplanted tumor in nude mice.Methods The gene expression chip was downloaded from GEO database,and the differential gene miR-20a-5p was obtained by GEO2R.The NF-κB gene was positively correlated with the expression of miR-20a-5p through cBioPortal database.The target gene of miR-20a-5p was predicted to be NFKBIB of the NF-κB transcription factor suppressor protein family by targetscan database,and was verified by dual luciferase assay.Nephroblastoma cell line WiT49 was cultured in vitro and transfected into WiT49 cells with lentiviral vectors constructed with miR-20a-5p mimics and its suppressor gene.Twelve nude mice were randomly divided into three groups:WiT49 model group,WIT49-miR-20a-5p overexpression group and WIT49-miR-20a-5p knockdown group.The tumor mass and volume of each group were detected by tumor formation experiment in nude mice.real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of miR-20a-5p,NFKBIB and NF-κB in each group;CCK-8 cell proliferation assay was used to verify the proliferation of tumor cells in each group.Results miR-20a-5p is highly expressed in nephroblastoma and is positively correlated with the expression of NF-κB.miR-20a-5p and NFKBIB have mutual binding sites and binding effects.In the tumor formation experiment of nude mice,the tumor volume and mass of WIT49-miR-20a-5P overexpression group were significantly increased compared with WiT49 model group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the qRT-PCR test,the expressions of miR-20a-5p and NF-κB in the WIT49-miR-20a-5p overexpression group were higher than those in the WiT49 model group,and NFKBIB expression in the WIT49-miR-20a-5p overexpression group was lower than that in the WiT49 model group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).CCK-8 cell proliferation assay showed that the absorbance of WIT49-miR-20a-5p overexpression group at 24 and 48 hours was higher than that of WiT49 model group,and the absorbance of WIT49-miR-20a-5p knockdown group at 24,48 and 72 hours was lower than that of WiT49 model group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion miR-20a-5p may promote the growth of human nephroblastoma cell WiT49 transplanted tumor in nude mice by regulating NFKBIB activation of NF-κB pathway.