Objective To explore the correlation factors of hospital stay and hospitalization costs among patients with acute ischemia stroke (AIS). Methods The clinical data of the patients with first diagnosis of AIS at Peking University Third Hospital in China from January 1 , 2012 to December 31 , 2012 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the correlation factors of hospital stay and hospitalization costs using univariate analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results The study involved 496 patients, with a mean age of 63.38 years (range:26~88 years). Multivariate regression analysis showed the significant impact factors for LOS were age, pneumonia, the total score on NIHSS, medication for secondary prevention and stroke subtype. The significant impact factors for cost of hospital stay were payment method, stroke subtype, age, the total score on NIHSS and medication for secondary prevention. Conclusions Age, pneumonia, the total score on NIHSS, stroke treatment and its subtypes are the significant impact factors affecting hospital stay. Payment method, stroke subtype, age, the total score on NIHSS and medication for secondary prevention are the significant impact factors affecting costs of hospitalization.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; Osteitis ; pathology ; therapy ; Sacroiliac Joint ; pathology ; Sclerosis ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To explore clinical effect of nedaplatin combined gemcitabine on chemotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and to observe the prognosis and complications of these patients. Methods 106 patients with advanced NSCLC were selected,they were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group with 53 cases each group,according to the single and double of order registration number.The con-trol group were given cisplatin combined gemcitabine chemotherapy,the treatment group were administrated nedaplatin combined gemcitabine chemotherapy,three weeks repeat.The treatment effect was estimated after two cycles of chemo-therapy,and progression-free survival ( PFS) ,patients quality of life with KPS after treatment,and the adverse reac-tions were assessed.Results The disease control rates (DCR) of the treatment group was 77.36% (41/53),the control group was 71.70%(38/53),there was no statistically significant difference (χ2 =2.46,P>0.05).PFS of the treatment group were (4.26 ±0.38) months,the control group was (3.72 ±0.30) months,there was no statisti-cally significant difference (t=2.94,P>0.05).KPS of the treatment group was (74.48 ±4.04)points,which was higher than (69.76 ±3.28)points of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =7.33,P<0.05).The total adverse reaction of the treatment group was 81.13%(43/53),which was lower than the control group 90.57%(48/53),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7.61,P<0.05).Conclusion There is preferably clinical effect of nedaplatin combined gemcitabine treatment of NSCLC,the adverse reactions was lower sig-nificantly,the patients prognosis is good,and which is worth clinical promotion.

BACKGROUND:Knee osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are common arthritis in the knee.In late stage of arthritis,severe deformation and activity obstacle are found,which require total knee replacement.The total knee replacement not only can significantly relieve symptom,but also correct deformation and improve joint function.OBJECTIVE:To summarize classification of knee joint,techniques of knee replacement surgery and complications following replacement.METHODS:We retrieved Vip Database (http://www.cqvip.com) for titles and abstracts with the key words of "knee replacement,prosthesis,complication".Articles concerning clinical application of knee prosthesis were included.Articles in the same field that published recently or in authorized journals were included.A total of 20 literatures were included for review according to inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Various artificial total knee prostheses were used in different patients in accordance with patients' condition,joint limitation degree,fixation method and meniscus function.Indication of different knee prostheses depends on bone and soft tissue of the knee,and quality and status of knee ligament,joint deformation and destruction degree of articular cartilage are responsible for the choice of prosthesis.Thrombosis of deep veins of the lower limb,pulmonary embolism,infection surrounding the prosthesis and prosthesis loose are common complications in joint replacement.

In order to improve the teaching effect ,we tried to use problem-based learning(PBL)in combination with traditional teaching method to teach medical students in clinical probation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. The results showed that PBL in combination with traditional teaching method was possible and effective. PBL was helpful to cultivating the clinical consciousness and comprehensive diathesis of medical students.

AIM: To study the effects of naringenin eye drops on NaIO3-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in rat eyes.METHODS: The 35mg/kg NaIO3-induced RPE degeneration was prevented by 10g/L naringenin eye drops 3 times a day for 7 days in advance of NaIO3 injection, and then 2 to 4 weeks thereafter, RPE function was measured with C-wave of electroretinogram (ERG). The laser-induced CNV rats were treated with laser to break the Bruchs membrane and the CNV formation was prevented by 10g/L naringenin eye drops instilled 3 times a day for 2 to 4 weeks. The CNV formation was measured with fluorescein angiography (FA) and flat mount. RESULTS: Two weeks after NaIO3 injection, the amplitude of ERG C-wave fell markedly in NaIO3 group to 53% of normal group (P<0.01). No apparent difference was observed in naringenin+ NaIO3 group. Four weeks later, the NaIO3 group fell to 37% of normal group (P<0.01), while the naringenin+ NaIO3 group fell to only 57% of normal group (P<0.01). There is a 52% reversal of the ERG C-wave by naringenin as compared to NaIO3 treated group (P<0.05). Two weeks and four weeks after laser treatment, naringenin reduced the CNV formation to 53% and 49% of control group (100%) measured by FA (P<0.01). Four weeks after laser treatment, naringenin reduced the CNV formation by 47% as compared to control group measured with flat mount (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Naringenin significantly protected RPE from NaIO3 induced degeneration and can also prevent CNV formation.

·AIM: To study the effects of 10g/L hydralazine eye drops on 35mg/kg NaIO3-induced degeneration in rat eyes. · METHODS: Various doses of NalO3 and/or saline alone were injected into Brown Norway rats from hypoglossal vein. After 3, 7, 14 or 28 days of injection, ERG a-, b-, c- wave, fast oscillation (FO) and light peak (LP) were measured along with retinal colored pictures and fluorescein angiography taken. Some rats were chosen to study the histology of retinas by light microscopy and autofluorescence of retina flatmounts. Different concen- trations of NaIO3 were given to RPE-19 cells, and cell proliferation rate was measured. For hydralazine study, 35mg/kg NaIO3 was injected into Brown Norway rat from hypoglossal vein. NaIO3 group was treated with saline alone after NaIO3 injection, 10g/L hydralazine + NaIO3 group was treated with 10g/L hydralazine eyedrops after NaIO3 injection whereas normal group was treated with saline alone without NalO3 injection. All eyedrops were instilled locally 3 times a day for 4 weeks and ERG c-wave was measured at the end of 2 and 4 weeks.· RESULTS: After NaIO3 administration, the amplitude of all ERG waves fell markedly in large dose groups at 30, 40 or 60mg/kg NaIO3. Not many changes were observed in groups treated with < 30mg/kg NaIO3. Some retinal necrosis appeared from 3 days post-injection (PI) in 30mg/kg NaIO3 group, which became more serious in larger dose groups or longer treatment time, but no apparent change was found in smaller dose groups. Similarly, on the retina flatmount, RPE monolayer showed necrosis from 3 days PI in the 30mg/kg NaIO3 and larger dose groups. On histological examination, no significant change was seen in 30mg/kg NaIO3 and lower concentration groups. In cell culture experiment, changes were found in RPE-19 cells proliferation rate with a concentration of NaIO3 at 30mg/L or higher. In hydralazine experiments, 4 weeks after injection of NaIO3, ERG c-wave fell markedly in NaIO3 group to 31% of control group (P < 0.01). The ERG c-wave of hydra- lazine + NaIO3 group fell only to 50% of control group (P<0.05). This was a 61% reversal of the c-wave of NaIO3 treated group. · CONCLUSION: RPE degeneration induced by NaIO3 was both dose and time dependent. Around 30 to 40 mg/kg NaIO3 would be the optimal to be used as a non-exudative age-related macular degeneration rat model. Hydralazine may postpone the development of non-exudative age- related macular degeneration.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the related factors of tonsil postoperative pain. METHOD: After founding databank a statistic analysis was performed on 90 cases with tonsillectomy who admitted in our hospital. Chi-square test were used to investigate the related factors for postoperative pain in those patients. RESULT: After Chi-square test, the important effect factors in the postoperative pain were gender, age, surgical methods, preemptive analgesia, physical analgesia and preoperative anxiety level. CONCLUSION The pain after tonsillectomy is influenced by not only surgery itself, but also by preemptive analgesia, preoperative anxiety level and so on.
Humans ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; Palatine Tonsil ; surgery ; Tonsillectomy

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of sleeping body posture on sleeping structure and respiratory events in patients with OSAHS. METHOD: We assessed the sleeping body position, the sleeping structure, position specific AHI and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in a total of 80 patients with Positional OSAHS. The patients were grouped according to AHI: mild OSAHS (5 < or = AHI <15), moderate (15 < or = AHI < 30) and severe (AHI > or = 30). The polysomnography data and clinical characteristics were compared between each group. RESULT: The severe OSAHS group, when compared with the mild and the moderate ones, had a significant different in REM%, NREM%, NREM LSaO2, RDI, S-AHI and L-AHI due to posture (P < 0.05). The severe and the mild OSAHS groups had significant different in MSaO2, LSaO2 due to posture (P < 0.05). The moderate and the mild OSAHS group had significant different in LSaO2, REM LSaO2 and RDI (P < 0.05). In all mild, moderate and severe groups, the LT% were higher than ST%, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). For mild-to-moderate groups, there was no correlation between the ESS and the AHI for any position different (P > 0.05). For severe group, the ESS was significantly correlated with L-AHI (r = 0.551; P < 0.01); the REM L-AHI and NREM L-AHI was also significantly correlated with ESS of severe group (r were 0.516 and 0.528, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The L-AHI, NREM L-AHI, REM L-AHI and NREM LSaO2 were considered to monitor the stability of OS-AHS, while REM LSaO2 were consider to clarify the severity of OSAHS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posture ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Sleep Stages ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the effect of P-gp inhibitors of verapamil (VER) and GF120918 on 18F-FDG uptake in Bcap37 and Bcap37/multidrug resistancce (MDR)1 cell lines in vitro,and to explore the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and P-gp expression at cellular level.Methods Bcap37 and Bcap37/MDR1 cells were seeded into 6-well plates at a density of 1 × 106 per well.Three days later,37 kBq/ml 18F-FDG,or 37 kBq/ml 18F-FDG + 100 μmoL/L VER,or 37 kBq/ml 18F-FDG + 50 μmol/L GF120918 were added into each well.Mter incubated for 10,30,60 and 120 min at 37 ℃ and in 5％ CO2,the medium was removed and the cells were washed three times with 1 ml ice-cold PBS immediately.The radioactivity of 18 F-FDG was measured using a gamma counter.The uptake of 18F-FDG was expressed as the ratio of 18F-FDG radioactivity in Bcap37 or Bcap37/MDR1 cells and the overall radioactivity added to the cells in each well.The t test was used for statistical analysis.Results 18F-FDG uptake was higher in Bcap37/MDR1 cells than that in Bcap37 cells after incubated for 10 min.The uptake rate was (1.88 ±0.19) ％ in Bcap37/MDR1 cells and (1.37 ± 0.18) ％ in Bcap37 cells (t =7.832,P ＜ 0.05).On the contrary,18 F-FDG uptake was significantly higher in Bcap37 cells than that in Bcap37/MDR1 cells after incubated for 60 and 120 min.The uptake rates were (2.29 ±0.23)％ and (2.34 ±0.15)％ in Bcap37 cells,(1.47 ±0.14)％ and (1.53 ±0.22)％ in Bcap37/MDR1 cells (t =8.437,8.283,both P ＜ 0.05).18 F-FDG uptake was significantly higher with VER or GF120918 in Bcap37/MDR1 cells than that without VER or GF120918 after the incubation of 60 and 120 min (t =9.032,9.243 and 8.765,8.803,all P ＜ 0.05).The uptake rates with VER or GF120918 were (2.45 ±0.21)％ and (2.46 ±0.25)％,(2.50 ±0.24)％ and (2.48 ±0.27)％.There was no significant difference of 18F-FDG uptake in Bcap37 cells with or without VER or GF120918.Conclusions 18F-FDG is a substrate of P-gp at cellular level.P-gp may act as an efflux pump to reduce 18F-FDG uptake in Bcap37/MDR1 cells.The uptake of 18F-FDG can be used to evaluate the function of P-gp in tumor cells.