Based on the statistics of the tide and key words of three magazines in 2015,a total of 30 documents and after expert consultation and analysis,the literature was divided into 10 research fields,and four aspects including correlation with teaching,talent cultivation,development of student and assessment were elaborated on to explore the current hot issues of medical education in China.In the ending part,the author summarized and put forward four shortages that covered deficiency of theoretical research,illegibility of talent orientation,teaching reform combining without actual condition and not paying attention to the development of teachers in study of medical education research,and provide suggestions and references for further research on medical education.

Objective To explore the speech respiratory characteristics of 7-15 years old children with spastic cerebral palsy and the differences between ordinary children and children with cerebral palsy.Methods The maximum phonation time (MPT) and maximum counting ability (MCA) of 90 ordinary children and 58 children with cerebral palsy aged 7-15 years were measured and a comparison between the 2 groups were conducted.Results (1) Age has significant effects on MPT and MCA of the ordinary children (P ＜0.05).The MPT and MCA of the ordinary children at the age of 7 ～9 years and 10 ～ 12 years are lower than the ones at the age of 13 ～ 15 years.Age has almost no effects on MPT and MCA of children with cerebral palsy(P ＞0.05) ; (2)Sex has no significant effects on MPT and MCA of ordinary children and children with cerebral palsy (P ＞0.05) ; (3) The MPT and MCA of children with cerebral palsy are significantly lower than those of ordinary children (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The MPT and MCA of ordinary children are increased with the growth of age,especially after the age of 13 years,but the children with spastic cerebral palsy do not show that kind of trend and demonstrate a state of retardation of speech respiratory function.Compared with ordinary children,the children with spastic cerebral palsy are easier to suffer from insufficient respiratory support and poor respiratory-phonatory coordination.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciensin can cause infections and the building related ill-health syndrome among newborns, infants and other immunocompromised populations by polluting hospital disinfectants, such as alcohol 75%, moisture housing and food. In this article, we reviewed the prevalence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in environment, food and intrahospital infection, the toxicology by describing its toxicity in mammalian cells, the physicoehemical characteristics by analyzing its special structure of bacterial spores. Its pathogenicity through animal model of disease was discussed as well.(J Glin Pediatr,2010,28(2) :190-192)

Background Corneal transplantation is a primary method for the treatment of serious corneal diseases, but its application is limited because of the shortage of corneal donor.The study on tissue engineering corneal epithelium provides a new approach to corneal transplantation, and the biological scaffold materials for tissue engineering corneal epithelium is an issue of increasing concern.Bacterial cellulose membrane has been used in medical field,but its application in tissue engineering corneal epithelium deserves more researching.Objective This study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose membrane as a biological scaffold of tissue engineering corneal epithelium.Methods Corneal epithelium was isolated from 1 month-old New Zealand White rabbit.Corneal epithelial cells were cultured using explant method and identified by detecting the CK-3 expression using immunofluorescence technique.The second generation ceils were inoculated on bacterial cellulose membrane and culture plate, respectively, and the growth status of the cells were examined and compared under the optical microscope.The cell activity/toxicity test was performed by LIVE/DEAD cell staining kit at the third day after inoculation to evaluate the survival rate.The ultrastructure of the cell surface was examined under the scanning electron microscope.The study was performed in accordance with the ARVO Statement.Results Rabbit corneal epithelial cells grew well 1 week after primarily cultured with a cobblestone-like appearance and positive response for CK3 antibody.The cells on the bacterial cellulose membrane presented a round shape and regular arrangement and showed the green fluorescence for LIVE/DEAD test,with the survival rate 100％.Abundant leafy protrusion, microvilli and intercellular junction were seen under the scanning electron microscope.In addition, mitosis phase of cells and many filopodia between the cells and bacterial cellulose membrane were also exhibited.Conclusions Rabbit corneal epithelial cells can grow well in bacterial cellulose membrane.Bacterial cellulose membrane has good biocompatibility, indicating that bacterial cellulose membrane can be used as new biological material for tissue engineering corneal epithelium.

Objective To analyze the utilization and the development trend of TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome in Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM;To provide references for clinical rational medicine use and purchase. Methods Excel software was used to analyze the consumption quantity and consumption sum of TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome in our hospital during 2009-2013. Results The consumption quantity of TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome in our hospital increased year by year with average growth rate of 11.52%, among which the consumption quantity of medicine for diverging wind-cold was more than medicine for diverging wind-heat. Conclusion Both the consumption quantity and the consumption sum of TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome in our hospital have been increasing significantly. The proportion of which in the total TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome and the medicine utilization structure were stable, and the use of TCM decoction pieces for relieving exterior syndrome was rational on the whole.

Objective To analyze on the efficacy and toxicity of MAAE (MIT ,Ara-C,AMSA,VP16)regimens on treating refractory and relapsed acute leukemia in adult patients. Methods MAAE (MIT, Ara-C,AMSA, VP16) regimen, which consisted of MIT 10mg/d (d1～3), intravenousdrop, Ara-C 200mg/d (d1～7),intravenousdrop, AMSA 75 mg/d (d1～3), intravenousdrop VP16 100 mg/d(d1～4), intravenousdrop were used to treat 25 cases of adults with refractory and relapsed acute leukemia (AL). G-CSF 5 μg/kg were used every day when WBC＜0.5×109/L. Results In the 25 cases with refractory and relapsed acute leukemia, 14 cases (56 %) reached complete remission, 5 patients(20 %) reached partial remission, the total effective rate was 76 %. Conclusion MAAE regimen was a very effective alternative treatment for CR induction in adult patients with refractory and relapsed AL and low toxicity.

Objective To investigate the application and administration of hyperbaric oxygen chambers in Beijing.Methods Forty-eight hospitals with hyperbaric oxygen chambers in Beijing were investigated by field investigation,letter investigation or telephone investigation.The investigation includes grades of hospital,personnel,equipment,therapy of severe cases,time of therapy and treatment plans in questionnaire.Results Hyperbaric oxygen was popular in Beijing,which ensured emergency treatments.But the scale was little relatively and the number of full-time technicians was less,besides,the therapeutic system and plans were diversified,which should be standardized.Conclusions Something must be done to improve the conditions of hyperbaric oxygen medicine in Beijing,such as cultivating personnel,standardizing therapeutic system,standardizing treatment plans,realizing computer control and so on.

BACKGROUND: Posterior transarticular screw fixation (Magerl’s) is recommended for atlantoaxial instability. However,some patients do not suit for Magerl’s fixation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of atlantoaxial pedicle screw system in the treatment of atlantoaxial instability from odontoid fracture. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: The retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Orthopedics,Sichuan People’s Hospital between July 2004 and June 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one cases of atlantoaxial instability from odontoid fracture were selected. According to Anderson and D’Alonzo classification,9 of them belonged to type II odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial instability and 12 to type Ⅲ with severe atlantoaxial dislocation. All cases suffered pain at occipitocervical part and limited activities of cervical spine. According to Frankel classification in function of spinal cord,16 cases of them belonged to Grade E and 5 cases to D. METHODS: All cases were fixed with C1 and C2 pedicle screws system following skull traction and reduction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Biocompatibility between materials and host; bone graft fusion and functional improvement. RESULTS: No vertebral artery injury or spinal injury was found during operation,neither incision infection was. All cases were followed up for at least 8 months. Postoperative radiograph and CT detection revealed good positions of all screws with no loosening or breakage. All fractures healed within 5 months,and activities of cervical vertebra were not obviously limited except slightly limited rotation function. As for nerve function,5 cases of Grade D recovered up to Grade E. CONCLUSION: Posterior pedicle screw fixation system exhibits no specific biocompatibility responses. It greatly improves atlantoaxial stability and promotes functional recovery of spinal cord but has little influence on cervical function.

At present, there are many effective ways to achieve high performance in cluster system storage management, including server-end disk, server-end caching, local caching and cooperative caching. The cooperative caching mechanism shares caches among different clients so as to avoid expensive disk access costs and to improve overall throughput of cluster system. In this paper, a Single Copy Cooperative Cache model is proposed together with block lookup algorithm, block replacement algorithm and the consistency algorithm based on the model. Meanwhile, the prototype system of the model is implemented in PVFS file system. Finally, the performance of this system is tested in InfiniBand Framework, the result of which shows that in contrast to the original PVFS system, read performance of PVFS file system is improved by about two times, while write performance is reduced by nearly ten percent.

Objectives:To learn about the attitudes toward the "Global Minimum Essential Requirements(GMER) in medical education" between Chinese doctors and graduates from the same medical university and to offer reference for spreading GMER in China.Methods: To investigate the subbjects using a questionnaire describing the related abilities of GMER.Description,rank test,multivariate analysis of variance and factor analysis are applied in data analysis.Results: In general,there are different attitudes toward GMER between doctors and graduates.13 of 23 items have statistical significance in scores between groups.The proportion of person considering every item as important or very important among doctors is higher than that among graduates.There is statistical significance between groups on the transformed score in 7 domains of GMER.The domain of topmost score is "clinical skills",and of the lowermost one is "community health & health system".Conclusions: Doctors and graduates both accept GMER.They both pay attention to occupational skills,but ignore the public health.Doctors think much of basic knowledge,while graduates are short of the cognition on "Information Management".