Objective To investigate CT diagnosis and differentiating diagnosis of the retinoblastoma . Methods CT findings of 25 cases with pathologically proved retinoblastoma were analyzed.Results CT finding included:high density of vitreous body entirely or partly in all case. Calcification in 23, augment in 8, optic never demaged in 6, ectopia retinoblastoma in 7.Conclusion Retinoblastoma of eyeball can be diagnosis qualitativly by CT.

OBJECTIVE:To review the status quo and problems in the study of TCM formula granule.METHODS:Recent literature concerning the preparation technology and the normalization of quality criteria,etc.of TCM formula granule reported were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:TCM formula granule was of many merits such as safe and sani-tary,accurate in dosage measurement,portable etc.However,there are also some problems yet to be solved.

Under the background of current strained doctor-patient relationship,the new Criminal law Amendment stipulates that people who makes medical troubles shall be persecuted for their criminal liability in order to reconstruct harmonious doctor-patient relationship.Through questionnaire survey,this paper investigated the cognitive status,cognitive channel,and improvement measures of doctor-patient relationship after the new Criminal law Amendment in college students in Nanjing,analyzed the causes,and discussed the possible path to construct harmonious doctor-patient relationship.Doctor-patient communication should be enhanced;patients should seek medicine service rationally;hospitals should effectively deal with complaints and disputes and vigorously strengthen the enforcement strength of the new Criminal law Amendment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Foodborne Diseases ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Male ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Pesticide Residues ; poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Treatment Outcome

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Camptothecin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Postoperative Care ; Treatment Outcome

Adolescent ; Adult ; Benzene ; toxicity ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Young Adult

Purpose: At present ,the local control of esophageal carcinoma have been improved by using intra-cavitary irradiation, but the complications a much more than before. It is necessary to study the real condition of these complications.Materials and Methods: From August 1993 to May 1994,38 patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with external beam combined with intra-cavitary radiotherapy in our hospital. Conventional radiotherapy was used 200cGy/F,5F/W.When the dose of external beam reached 3800cGy/19F,intra-cavitary radiotherapy was added with the dose of 500cGy/F/W(patient did not receive the external beam at the same day). The total dose of external and intra-cavitary radiotherapy were 5000cGy/25F/5W and 1500cGy/3F/3W at end of the course respectively.Results: ① 68.4%(26/38) patients had esophagitis.②25 patients suffered from the non-carcinoma esophagostenosis, which was related to the length of tumor before treatment, the shade of soft tissue around lesion, the esophagitis, the diameter of esophagus cavitary and stiff of esophagus wall before intracavitary radiotherapy.③10 of 38 cases had non-carcimoma ulcer. All patients had received 1500cGy/3F/3W intracavitary radiotherapy and occured serious esophagitis, 7 of 10 suffered from the non-carcinoma stricture and ulcer before or later.④ 6 of 38 cases had the fistula and 5 patients had been exposed 1500cGy/3F/3W intracavitary radiotherapy.Conclusion: Esophageal carcinoma treated by afterloading techniques may improve the serious obstruction immediately, but it is not sure the long-term survial yet. We also find the increasing serious complications and the decreasing life quality by using this treatment.We suggests that this method only can be used as an auxilliary way with the external beam radiotherapy.

[Objective]To analyze the mechanism of shape memory alloy imrasegmental fixator for lumbar spondylolysis(WMAIF)with finite element method.[Method]The three-dimensional model of WMAIF was established by using ANSYS 8.0 software for large finite element analysis.The model was extended with restriction in different parts,and to undertake corresponding mechanics calculation.[Result]The finite element model of WMAIF was set up,which could predict the strength and displacement of every node and element of its own structure in the course of deforming.[Conclusion]WMAIF is strong enough against tensile stress,which is a new and reliable intrasegmental instrument for direct repairing of lumbar spondylolysis.

Objective To explore the main risk factors related to birth defects to provide the scientific basis for making the best prevention policy and implementing the effective interventions .Methods Totally 21 domestic research articles on the risk fac‐tors of birth defects were comprehensively analyzed by the meta analysis method ,including accumulated 6 112 patients and 15 741 control cases .The articles were screened preliminarily according to inclusion and exclusion standard ,and then the fixed and random effects model were selected according to the homogeneity test .The merged results were performed the chi‐square test .Results The main merged results OR values of single‐factor‐analysis were as follows:the family history of birth defects 36 .22 ,early pregnant in‐fectious disease 5 .62 ,early pregnancy exposure to chemicals 4 .19 ,paternal smoking 3 .89 ,contact sedatives during pregnancy 3 .19 , pregnancy complication 2 .94 ,high protein food during pregnancy 0 .37 ;the main merged results OR values of multiple‐factor‐analy‐sis were as follows :early pregnancy infectious disease 7 .65 ,poor prenatal mental state 5 .44 ,early pregnancy fever 4 .70 ,early preg‐nancy exposure to toxic chemical 3 .90 ,history of abortion 3 .59 ,supplement of multivitamin during pregnancy 0 .45 .Conclusion The main risk factors of birth defects in our country are family history of birth defects ,early pregnancy infectious disease ,early pregnancy exposure to chemicals ,paternal smoking and pregnancy complication;the protective factors are eating more high protein food during pregnancy ,supplement of multivitamin during pregnancy and taking folic acid during pregnancy .