Objective:To study the toxicity of 11 dehydrocorticosterone on hippocampal neurons and to determine whether 11? hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11? HSD1) is involved in the neurotoxity. Methods:Western blotting, radiometric enzyme activity assay and MTT assay were employed in this study. Results:Both 11? HSD1 protein and bioactivity were positive in the hippocampal neurons as demonstrated by Western blotting and radiometric enzyme activity assay. At concentration of 10 -6 mol/L, 11 dehydrocorticosterone was neurontoxic to hippocampal neurons cultured in serum free DMEM medium. This neurotoxic effect of 11 dehydrocorticosterone was blocked by 11? HSD1 inhibitor carbenoxolone (CBX) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU38486, but not by mineralcocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist spironolatone. Corticosterone and its derivative 11 dehydrocorticosterone up regulated 11? HSD1 level. Conclusion:11 dehydrocorticosterone has toxicity on hippocampal neurons, and it can be blocked by CBX, suggesting 11? HSD1 may convert biologically inactive 11 dehydrocorticosterone to active corticosterone. The up regulation of 11? HSD1 by glucocorticoids in return exaggerates the neurotoxic effect of corticosterone, which may play a positive role in the delayed neuron death during stress.

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on tonsillectomy in children with sevoflurane combined with anesthesia recovery period of restless.Methods A total of 62 patients with tonsillectomy under general anesthesia from 2011 to 2015 in our hospital werecollected and randomly divided into the control group and the experiment group with 31 cases in each.Two groups of children were treated by 7％sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia induction,supplemented by a small amount of intravenous anesthetics propofol 2 mg/kg,sufentanil 2 μg/kg,CIS atracurium 150 μg/kg intravenous injection.Patients in the experiment group were treated by dexmedetomidine 0.2 μg/(kg·h)continuous intravenous infusion until the end of the operation,patients in the control group were treated by normal saline intravenous infusion.Compared the systolic blood pressure and heart rate of the 2 groups of before anesthesia induction,after anesthesia induction,after operation 5min,the end of the operation ; occurred rate of restless at after anesthesia extubation 5minutes,10minutes,15minutes,20minutes,25minutes.Results Compared with the control group,the systolic blood pressure and heart rate of the experiment group without statistical significance before anesthesia induction; after anesthesia induction,after operation,5min,at the end of operation,the systolic blood pressure and heart rate were lower(P<0.05); children recovery time,extubation time,recovery time of delivery from the anesthesia room were shorter(P<0.05); occurred rate of restless were lower after anesthesia extubation 5minutes,10minutes,15minutes,20minutes,25minutes(P<0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can prevent tonsillectomy after sevoflurane anesthesia result in the recovery period of restless.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Foodborne Diseases ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Male ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Pesticide Residues ; poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) in inpatients.Methods Totally 400 inpatients who were admitted to Tianjin Tianhe Hospital from Novem- ber 2008 to March 2009 were enrolled in this study.Physical examinations,including body height and body meas-urement,were performed the next morning after admission.The nutritional status was evaluated with NRS 2002.Results In all 400 inpatients.NRS 2002 was strongly practicable in 306 patients (76.5%) and weakly practica-ble in 94 patients (23.5%);Ninety-six patients (24.0%) had nutritional risks,which were most common in the department of internal medicine and the Department of neurology.The average age of patients with nutritional risks was (79.0±11.4) years,which was significantly higher than that of patients without nutritional risks [(58.1±15.8) years] (P<0.01).Conclusion NRS 2002 is effective and practicable in evaluating the nutritional status of inpatient.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of clindamycin injection on respiratory tract infections. 　Methods:Clindamycin injection was used in 50 respiratary tract infections patients aged over 18 years by intravenous drip with a dosage of 1.2 g once a day for a consecutive of 10 days. The symptoms and signs of the patients were observed, and the laboratory tests made.　Results: The numbers of patients who were cured, remarkably improved, improved and without any improvement were 25, 19, 5 and 1, respectively. The total effectiveness rate was 98.0%.　Conclusion: Clindamycin injection is significantly effective for treating the mild to moderate respiratory tract infections, especially for those caused by haemolytic streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae and lamellar bacillus. It has very little and mild side effects and is suitable for those allergic to penicillin.

Objective This study was designed to study the distribution and developmental changes of 11?\|hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(11?\|HSD1) in the neonatal rat brain. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to observe the distribution and changes of 11?\|HSD1 protein levels in the neonatal rat brain. Results 11?\|HSD1 protein was highly expressed in all layers of the cerebral cortex as well as all sub\|regions of the hippocampus by immunohistochemistry.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of 11?\|HSD1 protein in the neonatal rat cortex,hippocampus and hypothalamus was higher during the first two weeks of life,but started to fall from 15th day after birth.Conclusion\ The expression pattern of 11?\|HSD1 protein in different brain areas in the neonatal rat suggests that 11?\|HSD1 protein may play an important role in the development and maturation of the brain.\;[

AIM: To develope the quantitative analysis approach for irigenin (IRG) in Shegan Kangbingdu Injection(Rhizoma Belamcandae, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Bupleuri, etc.). METHODS: The operation was carried out on the Kromasil ODS column (5 ?m, 4.6 mm?200 mm) with the mobile phase comprised of a mixture of water-methanol-acetonitril(50∶46∶5) adjusted pH3.0 by phostrate acid, the flow rate of 0.8 mL?min -1 , the UV detection wavelength at 265 nm and the temperature at (30.5?1) ?C . RESULTS: The linear range was in the range of 0.028 2-9.4 ?g(r=0.999 9). The relative standard deviations of peak areas for IRG was 1.2% and the standard was stable within 18 h(RSD=0.72%). The LOD (S/N=3) was 3.2 ng, and the limit of quantification (S/N=10) was 10.6 ng and the average recovery was 99.7%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, rapid and accurate. It can be used for the quality control of Shegan Kangbingbu Injection.

Objective To observe the effects of restrain stress on the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ~MAPK) in rat hypothalamus and the regulation effects of electroacupuncture on the phosphorylated-p38 MAPK. Methods Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into a control group, a restrain stress group and a restrain stress plus electroacupuncture group. The Western blot was employed to observe the changes of phosphorylated-p38MAPK in the three groups. Results Western blot analysis demonstrated a higher level of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the hypothalamus from restrain stress group than that from control. The higher level of phosphorylated-p38 MAPK could last for 3 hours after stress was relieved. The level of phosphorylated-p38MAPK could be decreased to some extent when the Zusanli acupoint of the restrained rat was acupunctured. The effects of electroacupuncture of Zusanli on phosphorylated-p38MAPK in hypothalamus could still be retained although the electroacupuncture was ended for 3 hours. Conclusion The results suggested that restrain stress can lead to a higher level of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in hypothalamus, which might be an important event in the response of hypothalamic-pitutary-adrenal ~HPA) axis. The mechanism underlying the regulation of HPA by electroacupuncture might be (related) to the regulation of phosphorylated-p38 MAPK in hypothalamus.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation (AGR) in patients with coronary artery dis-ease (CAD) in the department of cardiology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. Methods Sixty seven patients with CAD in the department of cardiology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were consecutively recruited from Jun 1, 2005 to Aug 31, 2005. Patients were asked to perform oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to characterize the glucose regulation status except for those with previously known diabetes mellitus (DM). Results Most of patients with CAD in the study had abnormal glucose regulation. The prevalence of AGR was 88.1%. The prevalence of DM and IGT were 56.7% and 31.3%, respectively. Without OGTT, 42.5% DM and 48% IGR and 85% AGR would remain undiagnosed by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) detection alone. Conclusion A majori-ty of patients with CAD in the study have AGR and OGTT is needed to promptly and accurately disclose these patients.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Injuries ; complications ; Pharynx ; injuries ; Trachea ; injuries