The whole length mouse interferon-gamma (mIFN-?) cDNA was obtained using RT-PCR and was introduced into mouse hepatoma cell line H22 by retroviral vector. We examined the tumorigenicity of mIFN-? gene modified H22 in experimental animals. The results indicated that the gene modified tumor cells had less tumorigenicity than the parental tumor cells and the tumor vaccine had therapeatic effects on tumor-bearing animals.

Apelin is the endogenous ligand of a G protein-coupled receptor called APJ, its propeptide is an X-linked and coded peptide with 77 amino acids. Apelin/apelin receptor system is widely distributed in the body and is involved in various physiological and pathological regulations. It has been demonstrated that apelin is associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases, including angiocardiopathy, pulmonary arterial hypertension, nephropathy, cancer, endocrine disease, and so on. Currently, studies on apelin in nervous system have been developed gradually. This article focuses on apelin and summarizes the distribution and pathophysiological roles of apelin in nervous system, as well as in the occurrence and development of diseases associated with nervous system.

Since saliva has been widely used as a fluid for monitoring drug concentrations, both saliva and serum samples were collected after multiple injections of Norethisterone Enanthate ( NET-OEN ) 50mg and Estradiol Valerate ( EV ) 5mg from 10 women. The concentration of NET in saliva was measured by RIA using diluted antisera working solution and serum NET level was measured by RIA according to our lab. regular method. The assay was running very well. The phar- macokinetics of NET in saliva were observed from the data obtained. The time to reach peak levels in saliva was 5d after injection, which was similar to the Tmax of NET in blood. Mean peak values of NET in saliva were about 220, 218, and 158 ng/L which were almost 1/30 to 1/40 of the Cmax of NET in serum (8506, 6888, and 5619 ng/L) for 1st, 6th, and 12th injections. The concentration of NET in saliva showed to be very closely related to the serum NET concentration in the same subject, and the correlation coefficients were 0.86, 0.83, and 0.80 ( P

Objective To investigate the technique and instrument improvement of laparoscopic choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage. Methods A total of 42 cases of gall stones complicated with common bile duct stones entered the study. During the operation, we exposed the common bile duct before the removal of the gall bladder, opened the common bile duct by a self-made bile duct scalpel, removed the stones by open instruments laparoscopically, and performed choledochofiberscopic examinations and T-tube drainages. Results All the 42 operations were successfully accomplished without the conversion to open surgery. The operation time (exclusive of that of LC) was 80～180 min (mean, 96 min). All the patients got out of bed and received liquids within 24 hours after the surgery. The postoperative hospital stay was 5～9 days (mean, 6 days). The T-tube was removed 3 weeks after the operation in the absence of residual stones or stenosis of bile duct under T-tube choledochography. Follow-up for 6～48 months (mean, 23 months) in 38 cases found no recurrence of stones or biliary tract symptoms. Conclusions The modified laparoscopic choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage, which shortens the operation time, is an effective and safe method for the treatment of common bile duct stones.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of ?-endorphin in hippocampus after high power microwave (HPM) radiation. Methods 50 male Wistar rats were sacrificed at 6h, 1d, 3d, 7d, 14d, 28 days after exposure to 12mW/cm~2 HPM imitational source radiation. The hippocampus was harvested, the characteristics of injury to the hippocampus and expression of ?-endorphin were evaluated by means of light microscope, EM, immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results In the neutrons of hippocampus, mitochondrial swelling and myelin sheath confluence and dissociation were observed 6 hours after radiation, and mitochondrial swelling, cavitation, disruption of crista, concentration margining of chromatin, blurring of synaptic cleft, piling or evacuation of vesicles were observed 3 days after HPM radiation. The expression of ?-endorphin in cytoplasm of neurons was up-regulated continuously from 1 to 7 days, peaking at 7 days, restoring to normal level from 14 to 28 days after radiation. Conclusion HPM can produce injury to the hippocampus at histological and ultrastructural levels. The expression of ?-endorphin is up-regulated, and it might play an important role in the pathophysiological process of injury and repair in the hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effects and mechanism of PNP-CD chimeric gene vector originated from PNP/MeP-dR system on HCC cells. Methods The fusion suicide gene PNP-CD obtained by site directed mutagenesis technique was subcloned into pcDNA3.0 to construct a eukaryotic expression vector containing a chimeric gene, pcDNA3.0/ PNP-CD. After being identified by recombinant enzyme, PCR and subsequent sequencing, it was transfected into HepG2 cells by liposome-mediation method. The G418-resistant cellular clone with stable transfection of pcDNA3.0/PNP-CD, HepG2/PNP-CD was established by selection. The expression of PNP-CD gene was also verified by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The curve of cellular growth was assayed by Trypan blue exclusion. The cellular sensitivity of HepG2/PNP-CD to its specific prodrugs and its bystander effects were also assayed by MTT method. Results The chimeric gene, PNP-CD, was inserted into pcDNA3.0 correctly, and the stable expression of pcDNA3.0/PNP-CD in HepG2 cells was confirmed.This cellular clone was highly sensitive to its corresponding prodrugs. It was indicated that its bystander effects with the synergetic treatment of its specific prodrugs were substantially higher than those caused by the same vector with the administration of only a single prodrug, MeP-dR. Conclusion The bi-functional fusion suicide gene vector, pcDNA3.0/PNP-CD, yields powerful cytotoxic effects on HCC cells in the presence of the synergetic treatment of its specific prodrugs, which would be a high-performance therapeutic vector in gene therapy for liver cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of risk management in reducing the nursing risk of junior nurses in operation room. Method The risk management was implemented among junior nurses in operation room including establishing training groups for risk management,establishing instructor system,classifying nursing risk events and formulating operation room nursing risk monitoring. Result After risk management,the rate of risk events in the junior nurses was lowered as compared to pre-enforcement of the risk management(P<0.001).Conclusions The risk management can improve the risk awareness of junior nurses in operation room and reduce the incidence of nursing risk events.

With the expansion of herbal medicine (HM) market, the issue on how to apply up-to-date analytical tools on qualitative analysis of HMs to assure their quality, safety and efficacy has been arousing great attention. Due to its inherent characteristics of accurate mass measurements and multiple stages analysis, the integrated strategy of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) and ion trap mass spectrometry (IT-MS) is well-suited to be performed as qualitative analysis tool in this field. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview on the potential of this integrated strategy, including the review of general features of LC-IT-MS and LC-TOF-MS, the advantages of their combination, the common procedures for structure elucidation, the potential of LC-hybrid-IT-TOF/MS and also the summary and discussion of the applications of the integrated strategy for HM qualitative analysis (2006-2011). The advantages and future developments of LC coupled with IT and TOF-MS are highlighted.

Objective · To study the metabolite profiles on patients of ischemic stroke using metabonomics approach. Methods · The serum samples from the 29 patients with ischemic stroke and 31 healthy controls were analyzed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) coupled multi-dimensional statistical methods to find differential metabolites in two groups. Results · Orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS) model was generated based on identified metabolites and shown clear discrimination from patients and healthy controls. Some serum metabolite levels were significantly altered in patients. Six up-regulated metabolites included γ- aminobutyric acid, glutaric acid, glyceric acid, gluconic acid, lactobionic acid, and cholesterol, and nineteen down-regulated metabolites included citric acid, aconitic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, β-alanine, and glycerol-3-phosphate. Conclusion · Amino acid metabolism, glycometabolism and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are disturbed in patient of ischemic stroke. The metabonomic approach has great potential to understand the underlying mechanisms of stroke in ischemic patients.

Objective To compare the curative effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) with that of simple TACE in treating large liver cancers.Methods A computer-based search assisted by manual searching for TACE+MWA vs simple TACE clinical control trials for large liver cancers was conducted.The patient survival,tumor response and complications were enrolled in the scope of analysis.Results A total of 16 papers met the inclusion criteria,which included 1199 patients in total.Meta-analysis indicated that one-,2-and 3-year survival rates of TACE+MWA group were better than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The complete response (CR) rate and partial response (PR) rate of TACE+MWA group were higher than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The stable disease (SD) rate and progressive disease (PD) rate of TACE+MWA group were lower than those of simple TACE group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion For the treatment of large liver cancers,TACE +MWA is superior to simple TACE.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:225-231)