Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of ARB in antihypertensive therapy and judge whether it can also protect cardiovascular. Methods A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study was used to survey over ten thousand patients in ARB clinical practices. The primary endpoint was stroke, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, deadly cardiovascular diseases, total mortal. The results were given comprehensive analysis and statistical processing. Results In LIFE study, ARB was more effective than ?-blockers and ARB had the role of protecting the cardiovascular besides lowering the blood pressure. But the VALUE study showed that ARB was not more effective than Besylate. Conclusion There is no obvious distinction between ARB and the other drugs in reducing the blood pressure.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of laser subepithelial keratomileusis(LASEK) for the treatment of myopia and astigmatism with a thinner cornea.Methods:Eyes(128) from 67 patients were divided into 2 groups,preoperatively,according to the refractive degree.Group I contained 28 eyes with spherical and cylindrical refraction at-2.5 ~-6.0 DS and 0 ~ 2.0 DC,respectively.Group II contained 100 eyes with spherical and cylindrical refraction at-6.25 ~-14.0 DS and 0 ~-2.0 DC,respectively.Following-up was lasted over half a year and the results were compared.Results:The rates of eyes that achieved vision of 0.5 or better after operation in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were respectively 76 % and 39 % at one week,89 % and 67 % at 1 month,93 % and 56 % at 6 months.The rates of eyes after operation in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were respectively 93 % and 56 % for spherical refraction within?1.0 DS,and 96.43% and 76% for cylindrical refraction within?1.0 DC.Conclusion:LASEK was safer and more effective in treating low to moderate myopia with astigmatism than in treating high myopia with astigmatism.

Objective To develop the numerical method for the steady and unsteady wet steam condensing flow in turbine stage. Methods An Eulerian/Eulerian numerical model is used to describe the spontaneous condensation flow in the steam turbine. For the steady condensing flow computations, the mixing plane model was used. For the unsteady condensing flow computations, the sliding mesh method was used to simulate the rotor-stator interactions. Results The numerical results showed the obvious differences between non-condensing and condensing flows. The results also showed the unsteadiness effect due to rotor-stator interactions had a deep influence on the formation and growth process of water droplets. Conclusion The numerical methods presented in this paper are valid for the condensing flow in the turbine stage.

Objective:To evaluate the experience of perioperative care of phacofragmentation with vitrectomy.Methods:During 2000 to 2005,A group of 29 eyes in 29 patients underwent phacofragmentation with vitrectomy:Their lens nucleus were sank in vitreous cavity for different kinds of causes.The proficient nursing cooperation and perioperative care were retrospected analyzed.Results:The therapeutic effects after the operations were satisfactory.The post-operative best corrected visual acuities were between 0.1-0.5.No severe complications occurred.Conclusion:Right pre-operative instructions,sufficient preparation,and proficient nursing cooperation can ensure the success of the operation.

Objective: To evaluate ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM) in the surgical treatment of glaucoma complicated by cataract and in the observation of the post-operation changes of the anterior chamber angle and its related structure in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG).Methods: Combined surgery of phacoemulsification,intraocular lens(IOL) implantation and trabeculectomy was performed in 30 patients(30 eyes) with cataract and PACG.The changes of the anterior chamber angle and anterior chamber distance were determined by UBM before and 1 month after the operation.At the same time,intraocular pressure was recorded and analyzed.Results:Intraocular pressure was obviously decreased after the operation.There were significant differences between pre-and post-operation in ACD,AOD500,TIA and TCPD(P0.05).Conclusion: Combined surgery for glaucoma and cataract could deepen the anterior chamber,widen the chamber angle,and reopen the trabeculae,which contributes to the control of intraocular pressure and reduces postoperative complications such as shallow anterior chamber.Long-term effect of the surgery needs to be further investigated.

Objective Corneal alkali burn is a major cause of corneal neovascularization ( CNV) .Confocal microscopy was used to observe the therapeutic effects of KH902 eye drops for the treatment of corneal alkali burns. Methods 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into two groups( n=12) , alkali burn model being established:experimental group by KH902 eye drops and control group by saline solution 3 times a day.Confocal microscopy was given at 3, 7, 14, 28 d post-operatively (po). Results Corneal epithelium deletion or vacuolar necrosis was found at 3 d po, along with stromal edema.There was no obvious inflammatory cell or no immunocyte infiltration.No difference was found in the corneal structures between two groups.CNV appeared in the peripheral stroma in both groups at 7d po.Inflammatory cell infiltration was more severe in the limbus and peripheral sections in control group than in control group.At 14 d po, inflammatory cells declined gradually and CNV took shape.At 28 d po, scarring and decreased inflammatory cells were found in both groups, while the experimental group had fe-wer and smaller blood vessels than the control group.As to the area of CNV, it was respectively (35.42 ±6.40) mm2, (60.23 ±5.35) mm2, (60.23 ±5.35)mm2 at 7, 14, 28d po in control group, statis-tical difference being found among different time points(P<0.05).While in experiment group, the area of CNV was respectively (22.11 ±5.45)mm2, (31.62 ±7.19)mm2, (28.54 ±3.01) mm2at 7, 14, 28 d po without statistical difference.(P>0.05).The CNV area in experiment group is significantly less than that in the control group at 14 d and 30 d po(P<0.05).The inflammatory cell density in control group was respectively (74.21 ±9.33)mm2, (1883.39 ±43.11)mm2, (2532.10 ±98.00)mm2, (723.05 ± 23.34)mm2at 3,7, 14, 28 d po, and (58.0 ±10.22)mm2, (656.90 ±33.01)mm2, (432.32 ±60.11)mm2, (122.11 ±30.37) mm2respectively at 3,7, 14, 28d po in experiment group, significant difference was found at different time points in both groups(P<0.05), among which significant decreased inflammatory cells was found in experiment group compared with control group (P<0.05). Conclusion KH902 eye drops can be used for the inhibition of CNV and inflammatory cell infiltration after alkali burn.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation with limbal tunnel incision.　Methods: A 3.2mm limbal tunnel incision was made on 72 eyes of 66 patients with senile, complicated and traumatic cataract. Phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation was performed. Visual acuity, corneal curvature and corneal topography were measured after the surgery.　 Results: One day, one week and one month after the surgery, visual acuity exceeded 0.5 in 69.4%, 80.6%,86.1% of the patients respectively. One week after the surgery, the mean astigmatism was (1.85±0.89)D(P<0.01), 0.30 D more than that before the surgery. Corneal topography showed that the incision was steep or flat. One month after the surgery, the mean astigmatism was (1.48±1.02)D，P>0.05,corneal topography had recovered.　 Conclusions: Phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation with limbal tunnel incision have comparatively simple, with less postoperative inflammation and faster recovery of visual acuity.

Objective: To study the effect of ?-cyanoacrylate on corneal perforation in rabbits. Methods:Eighteen adult rabbits were divided into a left eye group and a right eye group.Bilateral corneas of the rabbits were perforated and subsequently occluded with ?-alkyl cyanoacrylate synthetic adhesive in the former group and by separated single points using the 10-0 polyglactin thread in the latter.The time for the obliteration of the corneal perforations and intraocular pressure(IOP) were recorded preoperatively and 3 days after the operation in both the two groups.The ocular contents of the two groups were observed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy after the operation.Results: The mean time of the corneal perforation obliteration was shorter in the left than in the right eyes.IOP was recovered to normal within 3 days postoperatively and the ocular contents were stabilized,with no significant difference in IOP between the two groups 3 days after the operation.Conclusion: ?-Cyanoacrylate is an effective adhesive agent for corneal perforation.

Objective:Acute retinal necrosis syndrome(ARNS) is a rare disease with high blinding rate.The surgery of vitrectomy,endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil injection is considered an effective treatment of ARNS.The study investigated the effect of vitrectomy,endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil injection treating ARNS.Methods:A consecutive 16 eyes of 16 patients with ARNS were treated with vitrectomy,endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil injection.The 5 eyes without retinal detachment were photocoagulated from the posterior border of necrosis to the ora serrata.The 11 eyes with retinal detachment were treated with subtotal retinal photocoagulation,air/fluid exchange and silicone oil injection.The follow-up time were 6 months at least,16 months in average.Results:The final best-correcting visual acuity was counting fingers in 3 eyes(18.8%),0.02-0.3 in 7 eyes(43.8%),0.4-0.6 in 5 eyes(31.3%),0.7 in 1 eye(6.3%).The silicone oil was uneventfully removed in 14 patients(87.5%) from 3 to 12 months.No one had a recurrent retinal detachment.Conclusion:There is a favorable effect in ARNS with the treatment of vitrectomy,endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil injection.

Objective: Fungal keratitis is one of the most common diseases leading to blindness.It has a high incidence in China,and its early diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance.We aimed to investigate the value of laser confocal corneal microscopy in the clinical diagnosis of fungal keratitis.Methods: We conducted laser confocal corneal microscopy on 37 patients suspected of fungal keratitis,and compared the results with those obtained from the corneal tissue smears and fungal cultivation.Results: The fungus-infected corneas histologically exhibited defected epithelial cells,damaged subepithelial nerves and disordered stroma with reduced transparence.The hyphae showed bright,disordered,interlaced thread-or short rod-like structures.The positive rates of smear examination,fungus cultivation and laser confocal corneal microscopy were 48.65,62.16 and 78.39% for the 37 eyes,75.00,87.50 and100% for the 16 untreated eyes,and 28.57,42.85 and 61.90% for the other 21 pretreated eyes.Conclusion: Confocal laser corneal microscopy,rapid,effective and noninvasive,can be used as an important new alternative in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis