AIM: To study the protective effect of medicinal serum of Jiangtang compound recipe on endothelial cells which were damaged by H2O2. METHODS: The effects of medicinal serum of Jiangtang compound recipe on cell viability, concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), NO, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined for human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV304) damaged by H2O2. RESULTS: The medicinal serum of Jiangtang compound recipe significantly improved the structural change of ECV304 cells damaged by H2O2, suppressed the production of MDA and the content of ET-1, increased activity of SOD and the rate of animate cells, and promoted secretion of NO. CONCLUSION: The medicinal serum of Jiangtang compound recipe can resist the injury of ECV304 caused by H2O2, playing a role in the protective effect.

[Objective] To investigate the curative effect of the red rice in treating the experimental fractures in the rats.[Methods] 64 Wistar rats suffered with single fracture in the forearm were randomized into two groups,one red rice group and the other normal saline control group.On the twenty-first day and 42 day after operation,the qualitation and morphometric observation of the bone tissue were performed.[Results] After the treatment of the red rice,the bony union of the fractured bone in the rats was obviously accelerated.The morphometric index of the bony tissue was higher than the control group with the statistical significance.The remodeling of the bony callus,the emergence of the lamellar bone and recanalization of the medullary cavity could all be enhanced by the use of the red rice.The mineralized bony callus area,the osteoblast index and the matrical calcification were obviously higher than those of the control group.[Conclusions] The growth of bony callus,the index of the osteoblast,the metrical calcification and the remodeling of the bony callus could all be enhanced by the red rice and therefore the bone union could be accelerated.

Objective To investigate effect of mild hypothermia on changes of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and synaptophysin mRNA level after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine hypothermia-induced neuroprotection.Methods Forty-five SD rats were allocated into mild hypothermia group,TBI group and sham operation group with 15 rats per group according to the random number table.Left-side fluid percussion impact was performed to induce models of TBI.Rats were exposed to hypothermia environment (32-35℃) for 6 hours in mild hypothermia group after TBI.Rats in sham operation group were treated by only drilling on left side of the head,rather than hitting.To evaluate function outcome,modified neurological severity score (mNSS),SEP and synaptophysin mRNA level were measured at 6 hours,24 hours and 7 days postinjury.Results The mNSS in mild hypothermia group lowered compared with TBI group,especially at 24 hours and 7 days (P ＜ 0.05).SEP in mild hypothermia group was significantly shortened at 6 and 24 hours compared with TBI group (P ＜ 0.05),but SEP revealed no significant difference among the 3 groups at 7 days (P ＞ 0.05).Level of synaptophysin mRNA in mild hypothermia group increased at 6 hours postinjury compared with TBI group [(0.08 ± 0.02) vs (0.12 ±0.04)],with further increase at 7 days postinjury[(0.06 ± 0.01) vs (0.33 ± 0.10)] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The shortage of nerve conduction time of the injured side and promotion of nerve regeneration suggest the neuroprotective role of mild hypothermia following TBI.

In this study the relation between the extent and type of disc protrusion and the clinical severity of symptoms of low back pain was observed. Our series consisted of 300 consecutive cases of lumbar disc protrusion,with their diagnosis confirmed by intraoperative observation. Preoperative pain severity was assessed using a back pain scale that combined the symptoms of back pain and sciatica. Intraoperaative pathological findings of disc were documented and comparesd with preoperative symptoms and signs. The pathological changes of disc were classified as following four subtypes: bulging disc (85 cases), protruding disc (104 cases), extruded disc (72 cases) and sequestered disc (39 cases). Our results suggest that severity of pain in patients with herniated lumbar disc is related to position of herniation rather than magnitude and exent of herniation. Inflammed intraspinal tissues are significantly associated with low back pain and sciatica.

Objective To evaluate the value of CT perfusion imaging (CTPI) in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Method CTPI was carried out on 21 patients with 26 lesions to obtain the following perfusion parameters: hepatic blood flow (HBF), hepatic blood volume (HBV),mean transit time (MTT), permeability surface area product (PS), and hepatic arterial fraction (HAF). The parameters from the lesion and non-lesion areas were compared. In addition, serum AFP was measured in the HCC patients and a linear correlation analysis between the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and the CTPI parameters was performed. Result CTPI failed in 3 patients with 3 lesions and was successful in 18 patients with 23 lesions which included 18 HCC, 4 hemangioma of the liver,and 1 hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). On comparison of the HCC parameters in the lesion and non-lesion areas, significant differences were found in the HAF which was 4.11 times higher in the lesion than the non-lesion areas, while the MTT and PS were significantly lower. There was no significant difference in the HBF and HBV. Correlation between the serum AFP level and the CTPI parameters of the HCC lesion was insignificant. The differences of all the parameters between the lesion and the non-lesion in hemangioma were similar to those in HCC, except for a higher HBF in the lesion than in HCC. There was no significant difference between the parameters of FNH and the non-nodular part of the liver. Conclusion CTPI played an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HCC, especially when the AFP was negative and/or the imaging manifestation was atypical on contrast CT.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HBV genotypes and YMDD motif mutations or BCP mutations in Xiangtan of Hunan Province. Methods HBV genotypes, YMDD motif mutations and BCP mutations were analyzed in 952 HBV infected patients. Results HBV genotyping showed that 698 HBV type B patients and 115 HBV type C patients accounted for 73.32% and 12.08% respectively of all the participants. The rest 139( 14.60% )were genotype B and C mixed infection( B + C ). The analysis of YMDD motif mutations showed that 844 YMDD wild-type which accounted for 88.66% of all the subjects and the remainder were YMDD mutation types, of which 54( 5.67% ) carried YVDD, 53( 5.57% ) YIDD,and 1 YVDD and YIDD mixed infection. Basic Core Promoter mutations showed that 1762A/1764G ( wild type )accounted for 70.59% and 1762T/1764A( mutant ) accounted for 19.75%. The rest 92 patients were 1762T/1764A and 1762A/1764G mixed infection. This study showed no significant difference in the rate of YMDD mutation( 10.04% vs 10.43% ,χ2 =0.017,P＞0.05 ) ,but a significant difference in the types of YMDD mutation(χ2 = 4.836, P ＜ 0.05 )between HBV types B and C. The YVDD mutation was more commonly seen in genotype C( 9.57% ) than in genotype B( 5.88% ). The BCP mutation rate showed a significant difference( 27.36% vs 46.09%, χ2 = 16.478, P ＜ 0.01 ). Genotype C was more frequent than genotype B. The BCP mutation rate showed no significant difference between YMDD Wild-type and YMDD mutation types( 28.67% vs 35.51%, χ2 = 2.139, P ＞ 0.05 ), but most of BCP mutations happened in YVDD mutant type( 61.11% ). Conclusions ( 1 ) The predominant HBV genotypes in Xiangtan were genotype B and genotype C, the major genotype was type B, which display the characteristics of epidemiology in Southern China. ( 2 ) Determination of HBV genotypes before lamivudine therapy was probably not an important pretreatment investigation to predict antiviral responses. ( 3 ) Detection of HBV genotypes, YMDD motif mutations and BCP mutations will contribute to the correct evaluation of prognosis and timely proper management of HBV patients.

Objective To study the injuries of avulsion and severance of upper extremity caused by flexion and rotation and application of tissues of chest side and back in functional reconstruction of the upper extremity. Methods The primary or fosterage replantations were performed from 2000 July to 2003 September for 6 cases of the injuries of avulsion and severance of upper extremity caused by flexion and rotation. After the operation, the shoulder joint was immobilized at abduction of 90 degrees and elbow joint was fixated at inflexion of 100 degrees. 4 weeks later, the fixation was removed and the regular functional training was started. Results Follow-ups ranging from 3 months to 2 years revealed that all the cases of replantation were successful. After operation, the shoulder joint could abduct 50?～90?, anteflect 50?～70?, extend backwards 20?～30?, and adduct 20?～40?. The elbow joint could flex 100?～140?and extend -20?～0?. 3 months after reconstruction, the muscle strength of elbow flexion recovered to Ⅳ～Ⅴdegrees. Conclusion Application of tissues of chest side and back to repair avulsion and severance of upper extremity stage by stages and layer by layer is an ideal method to resolve the contradiction between wound coverage and functional reconstruction because it can restore both the function and appearance.

Sauropunol A-D potentially with anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial activities were recently isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal plant Sauropus rostratus.Herein,we report the total synthesis of sauropunol (A-D) starting from a commercially available 2-deoxy-D-arabino-hexopyranose.The trifluoromethane sulfonation of intermediates could simultaneously trigger intramolecular cyclization to afford 3,6-anhydro hexofuranoside scaffold.The following deprotection reaction could produce sauropunol A,B and C/D with total yields of 21％,5％,and 17％ (isomer sauropunol C/D),respectively.Structures of the target compounds were confirmed by comparison with NMR spectroscopic properties of those previously reported.

0.05).ADC values in the old group were higher than those in the young group(P

Objective: To further study the effects of As 2 O 3 in various concentrations on the esophageal carcinoma cell line. Methods: The esophageal malignant transformed epithelial cells (SHEEC1) were induced by HPV18 in synergy with TPA in our laboratory. The cells cultured in flask and 24 wells plate were treated by As 2 O 3 with concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 ?mol/L for 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h respectively. The morphologic changes of cells were observed under election microscopy. The mitotic index (MI) of living cells was calculated by phase contrast microscopy and the cells with TdR uptake were examined by autoradiography. The proliferative index (PI) and apoptotic index (AI) were assayed by flow cytometry. Results: A low dosage of As 2 O 3 (1.0 ?mol/L) enhancing the protiferative rate of SHEEC1 was demonstrated with TdR uptake, MI and PI increased. The high AI and low PI were found in the high concentrations (3 and 5 ?mol/L)of As 2 O 3 . The morphological changes of apoptosis and necrosis were found in 24 h after As 2 O 3 in high concentrations (3 and 5 ?mol/L) administrated. Conclusion: The effects of As 2 O 3 in various concentrations are different. Low concentration of As 2 O 3 promotes the proliferation of the esophageal carcinoma cells by increment of DNA synthesis. In high concentration of As 2 O 3 apoptosis and necrosis are induced.