Maxillary first molar with twin-root canal in palatal side is rare. This article described two cases of maxillary first molar with twin-root canal. A properly designed and prepared access of the cavity is helpful for the diagnosis and negotiation of the root canal morphology.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Root Canal Therapy

Objective To explore the effect of comfortable care in alleviating insomnia for cerebral infarction patients and improve the health of the patients. Methods Selecting 231 conscious and hospitalized cerebral infarction patients randomly from January to December,2005.Giving apprpfi-ate comfortable care measures in acute period,stable period and recovery period.Insomnia WaS evaluated at admission and after two weeks of hospitalization.Results Insomnia of cerebral infaretion patients allevi-ated after two weeks,which was statistically different from that at admission.P<0.01. Conclusions Comfortable care is significant to alhviate insomnia of cerebral infarction patients.reduce the com-plication and improve the quality of nursing service.We should emphasize it and put it into practice widely.

Methods involved in the treatment of malignant tumor are surgical therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although some effects have been showed in tumor therapy, the limits of single use of those methods can not be avoided. Therefore, combined therapy has been pursued in order to achieve better results. The effects of those combined methods such as chemotherapy combined with cytokine, chemotherapy combined with tumor vaccine, chemotherapy combined with adjuvants have been approved both experimentally and clinically. These results, in some extent, will provide us a new way to fight against tumor.

Fractalkine is a new member of chemokine family, which exists in membrane-boundd form and soluble form. It has both adhesion molecular and chemokine activities. CX3 CR1 is its specific receptor. Both of them were expressed in many diseases of the nervous system. At present, fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 polymorphism and the research of cerebrovascular diseases mainly involve in the risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and bone marrow stem cell transplantion, which are expected to become a new target for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate possible nerological origination of rabbit P3a potential. Method we simultaneously recorded the ERPs at dura and various depths beneath the skull in a point of rabbit skull, similarly did some in different points of rabbit skull. Result In the Brodmann 25 and 32 areas(AcgI), the polarity of P3a to those at dura was markedly reverse and the reverse rate of P3a(81.3%) was significantly higher than other locations, the P3a without polarity reversal showed steep voltage gradient. There was an increasing trend of the P3a reversal and moderate voltage gradient nearby the AcgI, but not other regions. Conclusion Rabbit P3a potential possibly originate from the AcgI acea.

We have made a cheap microsystem of capillary electrophoresis with a new method, integrating the electrodes, injection channel, separation channel, buffer reservoirs and detection cell on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) chip. Using an integrated micro carbon fiber disk electrode as the working electrode in three electrodes system, 1 × 10-4 mol/L dopamine (DA) could be detected with end-column amperometric detection. The reproducibility was good. Peak current was 6.73 nA、theoretical plate numher was 71300/m and height equivalent of one theoretical plate height was 14.0 μm for 1 × 10-4 mol/L DA. The limit of detection was 3.6× 10-8mol/L and the linear range was extended from 5 × 10-7 mol/L to 1 × 10-4 mol/L for DA. 1 × 10-4 mol/L catechol (CA) and 5× 10- 5 mol/L DA were also separated completely with R. = 10.1.

Cerebral vasospasm is a common complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage, and its pathophysiological mechanism is poorly understood. A growing body of research suggests that free radicals play an important role in inducing cerebral vasospasm. In recent years, the research about free radical scavengers in the prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage is continuing to increase, This article reviews the roles of many types of free radical scavengers in the prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective　To investigate the feasibility of hypocaloric nutrition support in elderly patients.Methods　Sixteen elderly patients ( ＞ 85 years) were treated with hypocaloric nutrition for 4 weeks. The calorie intake was 75-96 kJ·kg-1·d -1 , including 44％ -59％ of carbohydrates ( 137-207 g·d -1 ) , 26％ -42％ of lipids (40-67 g·d-1) , and 14％-16％ of proteins (0.7-0.9 g·kg-1·d-1). Nonprotein calorie-to-nitrogen ratio was 131∶1-150∶1. After 4 weeks of treatment, changes in blood routine test, biochemistry, and clotting function were compared with those before hypocaloric nutrition support. Results　After hypocaloric nutrition support, the plasma proteins, blood fats, and lymphocytes in these 16 elderly patients were well maintained, and no obvious adverse effect on clotting function or liver/kidney functions was observed. Conclusion　Hypocaloric nutrition support is safe and effective for elderly patients who are older than 85 years.

Objective: To investigate the effect of HMGB1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of human endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A, and itspossible molecular mechanism. Methods: Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA was constructed and infected the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A. After viral infection for 72 h, real time PCR and Western blot were performed to investigate HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression. The cell proliferation was determined with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide (PI)-stained HEC-1A cells and the apoptotic rate of annexinV/PI-stained cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of AKT, pAKT and CyclinD1. Results: Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA inhibited the mRNA (P<0.05) and protein (P<0.01) expression of HMGB1 in the cell line HEC-1A. The MTT assay demonstrated that HMGB1 knockdown signiifcantly reduced the cell proliferation. FCM results showed that HMGB1 knockdown significantly resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and the induction of apoptosis. hTe apoptotic rate was (17.89±0.23)%, (4.69±0.20)% and (4.62±0.17)% in the HMGB1 knockdown group, the blank group and the negative group respectively. There was signiifcance difference between the 3 groups (P<0.01). hTe protein expressions of pAKT and cyclinD1 were down-regulated atfer the HMGB1 knockdown for 72 h. Conclusion: Knockdown of HMGB1 expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A. PI3K/AKT pathway and down-regulation of the protein expression of cyclinD1 may be involved in its therapeutic mechanism.

[Objective]To analyze the correlation between disk degeneration and development of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults.[Method]Totally 156 patients who had spoondvlolvsis and spondylolisthesis were follow-up.There were 86 males and 70 females.All patients were made radiographs for lumbar discomfort or low back pain.Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were discovered.According to Meyerding slip degree;68 cases were spondylolysis,88 cases were spondylolisthesis in degree Ⅰ.All patients were under conservative treatment and observed the development of the disease.According to Boxall defined the development of spondylolisthesis.There were 40 patients with development of spondylolisthesis and aggravation of dies degeneration.24 males,16 females.[Result]All the patients were followed-up for 3~9 years,with an average of 6.3 years.Lumbar vertebra slippage increased about 11%~30%(average 18.5%),the height of intervertebral disk decreased about 45%~90%(average 72%)in the level of spondylolysis.x2 test was used for statistical treatment,There was a significant positive correlation between development of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults and aggravation of disk degeneration.[Conclusion]There are development in adults of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis,may be correlated to the disc degeneration.