Heart Diseases ; complications ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology

Objective To investigate the risk factors of pulmonary hypertension (PH) after rapid ascent to high altitude in healthy young Chinese men .Methods A total of 552 non high altitude natives ( healthy young Chinese men ) were recruited in the study between June to August in 2012.The subjects were delivered to high altitude (3700 m) in 2 h by plane from low altitude (450 m).Demographic data including smoking , alcohol consumption , high altitude exposure histo-ry, body mass index (BMI) and age were collected within 24 h after arrival at 3700 m.Furthermore, the oxygen saturation ( SaO2 ) , blood pressure , heart rate , pulmonary artery systolic pressure were measured using the echocardiography system . Analysis of risk factors of PH was performed by logistic regressions .Results The incidence of PH was 23.10%.SaO2 was significantly lower in the higher-pulmonary artery systolic pressure group (higher-PASP)[(86.10 ±3.34)%] than that in the normal-PASP group [(89.09 ±2.65)%, P<0.01].Smoking, alcohol consumption, high altitude exposure history, BMI, age, systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure , heart rate were not significantly different between the two groups mentioned above .Logistic regressions revealed that lower SaO 2 (OR:0.711,95% CI:0.647-0.782, P<0.01) was an independent risks factor of PH .Conclusion Low SaO2 is an independent risk factor of PH upon rapid arrival at 3700 m in healthy young Chinese men .However, smoking, alcohol consumption , high altitude exposure history , BMI, age, blood pressure and heart rate are not risk of PH .These observations will provide valuable clues to theoretical studies on PH and prevention of PH .

OBJECTIVE:To study the quality standards of Compound kuqin ointment.METHODS:TLC method was used for the identification of alion,baicalin,menthol.The content of tetrahydropalmatine and baicalin were determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The identification method was specific.The linear range of tetrahydropalmatine was 0.131～3.275 ?g(r=0.999 9) with an average recovery of 102.40%(RSD=0.77%,n=6).The linear range of baicalin was 0.050 35～2.014 ?g (r=0.999 9)with an average recovery of 100.97%(RSD=1.42%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible for the quality control of Compound kuqin ointment.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of pulmonary artery pressure on exercise capacity after acute high altitude exposure .Methods A total of 231 persons were recruited in this study , whose vital signs,SaO2 and physical working capacity ( PWC170 ) exercise capacity were collected .The difference between groups with normal and increased MPAP was observed .Results mean pulmonary artery pressure ( MPAP ) and right ventricle ( RV )-Tei index increased substantially after acute high altitude exposure ,while PWC170 was remarkably decreased .Furthermore,it was found that those whose MPAP increased(MPAP≥25 mmHg)had higher RV-Tei and lower PWC170(P<0.01) in acute high altitude exposure group .Correlation analysis suggested that there were different levels of correlation between MPAP, RV-Tei and PWC170(P<0.01).Conclusion After acute high altitude exposure , the increased pulmonary artery pressure is one of the main causes of lowered exercise capacity .The mechanism may be associated with the decrease of right heart functions .

Objective To investigate the risk factors of post-ERCP pancreatitis( PEP). Methods Data of 4,234 patients who underwent ERCP in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were retrospectively analysed. Information of patients and operations,including age,gender,operation history,major disease history,labora-tory examination before operation,abdominal ultrasound,CT,MRCP,detailed ERCP operation process,com-plications and treatment were carefully recorded. Then Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis,and stepwise multivariate Logistic regression for variate analysis. Linear correlations between risk factors were de-tected. Results There were totally 226 PEPs,with 5. 3% incidence rate. Univariate analysis showed that the female(χ2 =9. 715,P=0. 002),young( <60 years)(χ2 =6. 108,P=0. 013),chronic pancreatitis(χ2 =14. 703,P=0. 001),initial ERCP(χ2 =14. 899,P=0. 000),hypertension(χ2 =4. 489,P=0. 034),nor-mal bilirubin levels before operation(χ2 =19. 159,P =0. 000 ),difficult cannulation(χ2 =45. 824,P =0. 000),pancreatic guide wire(χ2 =30. 223,P=0. 000),papillary pre cut(χ2 =45. 928,P=0. 000),pan-creatography(χ2 =20. 170,P=0. 000)may be risk factors for PEP. Non conditional Logistic regression analy-sis showed that female(OR=1. 449,P=0. 011),initial ERCP(OR=1. 745,P=0. 003),normal bilirubin levels before operation(OR=1. 917,P=0. 000),difficult cannulation(OR=3. 317,P=0. 000)and pancre-atography(OR=1. 823,P=0. 004)were independent risk factors for PEP. Linear correlation analysis sugges-ted that pancreatic duct guide wire and papillary precut were related to the difficult cannulation,and the corre-lation coefficients were -0. 788 and -0. 699. Conclusion Female,young(<60 years),chronic pancreati-tis,initial ERCP,hypertension,normal bilirubin levels,difficult cannulation,pancreatic duct guide wire,pa-pillary precut,pancreatography may induce PEP. Female,normal bilirubin levels before operation,initial ER-CP,difficult cannulation and pancreatography are independent risk factors for PEP,while pancreatic duct guide wire,papillary precut are not,as they were linear correlated to difficult cannulation.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performances of seven estimation formulas for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pre-operative patients with renal cell carcinoma.Methods A total of 386 pre-operative patients with renal cell carcinoma in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university from January 2012 to October 2014 were selected.All the patients' GFRs were measured by the renal dynamic imagingwith 99mTc-DTPA as reference (rGFR) and the seven GFR estimation equations (eGFR) were compared with the rGFR respectively.Their correlations and consistencies were observed with spearman correlation analysis and Bland and Altman analysis.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and likelihood ratios were calculated and the eGFR accuracies were assessed with receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis.Results The correlations between the rGFR and eGFRs were significantly (P＜0.001).In addition,CKD-EPI-Asian Crea and Ruijin formula were more accurate than others in different stages with larger ROC area in diagnosing renal cell carcinoma.Conclusion There were significant correlations between the eGFRs and rGFR,but some deviations existed.CKD-EPI-Asian Crea and Ruijin formula were more suitable for assessment of eGFR of pre-operative patients with renal cell carcinoma.However,both of these equations had a few limitations.

A 36-year-old man was diagnosed with a right temporal lobe grade II cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM) and was treated with radiosurgery. At nine months after the cAVM radiosurgery, the patient began to develop bilateral focal narrowing at the M1 segments of the bilateral middle cerebral arteries. The narrowing progressively deteriorated as was demonstrated on longitudinal serial follow-up MR imaging. X-ray angiography performed at 51 months after radiosurgery confirmed that the cAVM was cured and a diagnosis of moyamoya disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of cAVM-associated moyamoya disease that developed after radiosurgery. Given the chronological sequence of disease development and radiation dose distribution of radiosurgery, it is proposed that humoral or unknown predisposing factors, rather than direct radiation effects, are the cause of moyamoya disease associated with cAVM.
Adult ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnosis/*surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Moyamoya Disease/*etiology ; Postoperative Complications ; Radiosurgery

Mongolian folk medicine, the important part of Mongolian medicine, is the main means, method and weapon of disease prevention, treatment and health care. Mongolian materia medicas are the important literatures of guiding the healthy development of the modern Mongolian medicine with a long and dazzling history. Since the founding of new China, a new history chapter of Mongolian folk medicine was opened under the attention and support from all levels of party and government. This paper intends to provide comprehensive insight into the rapid development of Mongolian folk medicine. The resources, phytochemistry, quality standard, pharmacology, dosage forms reform and production were reviewed to expound the process that Mongolian folk medicine was developed from traditional practices to scientific development
Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; standards ; Science

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of Compound Xuanju Capsule (CXC) combined with sildenafil on erectile dysfunction (ED) that progressively fails to respond to sildenafil.

METHODSTotally, 36 ED patients who progressively failed to respond to sildenafil were randomly divided into a trial and a control group of equal number, the former treated with oral CXC at 3 g tid plus sildenafil at 50 mg an hour before sexual activity, while the latter with sildenafil alone at 100 mg an hour before sexual activity. After 2 months of treatment, we compared the patients' scores on IIEF-5 and their partners' scores on Treatment Satisfaction Scale (TSS) between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total rate of erectile function improvement was 94.44% in the trial and 88.89% in the control group (P > 0.05). The IIEF-5 score was 20.888 9 +/- 3.833 1 in the former and 18. 777 8 +/- 4.008 2 in the latter after treatment, significantly higher than 13. 166 7 +/- 3.601 5 and 13. 055 6 +/- 2.775 4 before treatment (P < 0.05). The post-treatment IIEF-5 scores of the patients and the TSS scores of their partners were markedly higher in the trial than in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompound Xuanju Capsule combined with sildenafil is effective for erectile dysfunction that progressively fails to respond to sildenafil.

Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Purines ; therapeutic use ; Sildenafil Citrate ; Sulfones ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protein expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and its clinical significance.

METHODSProtein expression of COX-2 and NF-kappaB in gastric MALT lymphoma were examined by immunohistochemistry of Envision two-step method. The correlations of COX-2 and NF-kappaB expression with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, clinical stage, depth of tumor invasion, tumor size, recurrent rate and treatment were analyzed by univariate, multivariate and Pearson analysis.

RESULTSThe positive expression of COX-2 and NF-kappaB in gastric MALT lymphoma were 48.9%(23/47) and 36.2% (17/47) respectively, and a positive correlation was found between these two factors(r=0.326,P<0.05). Moreover, COX-2 expression was positively correlated with Hp infection,clinical stage, depth of invasion and tumor size (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the overall survival of gastric MALT lymphoma patients with positive COX-2 protein (59.9 months) was shorter than that of patients with negative COX-2 protein (77.8 months), but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The survival was significantly shorter in gastric MALT lymphoma patients with positive NF-kappaB protein (26 months) than that of patients with negative NF-kappaB protein (123.2 months)(P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that clinicopathological stage was independent prognostic factor, and associated with short survival.

CONCLUSIONUp-regulated expression of COX-2 and activation of NF-kappaB are associated with Hp infection in gastric MALT lymphoma, and their protein expression is correlated with the development of tumor and prognosis.

Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; metabolism ; microbiology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; microbiology ; pathology