Medical ethics has its own characteristics on curriculum setup,teaching goals,the structure of teaching staff in America,France and China,It is beneficial for our feform in education in medical ethics to learn and refer to the experiencs of the success abroad.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; cytology ; physiology ; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The rational design of teaching contents of physical pharmacy plays an important role in the class teaching.Some practices of designing teaching contents are expounded in detail,including the combination with teaching cases,the integration of the teaching contents,the combination with the research results of the physical pharmacy,and the combination with the pharmaceutical experiments of traditional Chinese medicine.The innovation of this research is the combination of theory and practice and the infiltration between teaching and scientific research.It also puts forward some measures such as continually accumulating and improving the related material,and constructing a rich,shared source material storehouse,etc..

Thyroid carcinoma is one of the most common diseases in the head and neck area. With the advance of innovative technologies like ultrasound ,fine-needle aspiration and PET-CT, the number of patients diagnosed as thyroid carcinoma has grow rapidly during the past ten years. As a special structure in papillary tumors and appearing as microcalcification in the imaging examination, psammoma body has been considered of great significance in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Psammoma body has unique features in terms of pathology, cytology and imageology.The study of the mechanism of psammoma body formation is very important for the clinic to differentiate the disease from others. In this article, we summarized the role of psammoma body in the study of thyroid cancer.

Objective To investigate the status of urogenital Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) infection and their drug tolerance in our area,so as to guide rational administration for the clinic.Methods Mycoplasma culture and drug susceptibility test were performed for 771 patients with urogenital infaction. The culture,identification and drug resistance of mycoplasma were carried out with one complex mycoplasma kit.Results The positive rate of Uu was 49.9%. The proportional percentage of males was 12.5% and the Uu positive rate was 22.3%,for females,the proportional percentage and Uu positive rate was 87.5% and 60.6% respectively. The population aged 21-40 was susceptible to Uu infection. The most sensitive antibioties to Uu was clindamycin (95.12%),followed by doxycycline (87.57%) and roxithromycin (86.24%).Conclusion The difference of Uu drug sensitivty was significant in different areas. So it is necessary to select antibioties by drug sensitivity. Clindamycin,doxycycline and roxithromycin may are used as preferred antibioties in treating Uu infection in our area. The drug-resistance status of spectinomycin and lincomycin was serious.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of pulse index continuous cardiac output (PICCO) monitoring in maintaining adequate blood volume in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OP-CABG).Methods Forty-seven ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients aged 43-64 yr weighing 50-85 kg undergoing OP-CABG were included in this study. Global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), extravascular lung water (EVLW), global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI), MAP, cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index (CI) were monitored by using PICCO monitor before induction of anesthesia (baseline), at the end of operation and at 4 and 8 h after operation. Blood volume was maintained during operation by adjusting the volume and infusion rate of succinyl gelatin and lactated Ringer's solution according to volume indexes and hemodynamic indexes. GEDVI was maintained at 600-800 ml/m2 and Hct≥30% by transfusion of whole blood or erythrocyte suspension;MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg by intravenous infusion of nitroglycerine (0.5-1.0 μg·kg-1·min-1) or diltiazem (2-6 μg·kg-1·min-1); HR was maintained at≤75 bpm by intravenous dopamine infusion (3-5 μg·kg-1·min-1). The oxygen delivery index(DO2 I) and oxygen consumption index (VO2 I) were calculated. Arterial blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis. Results The CI, DO2I and VO2I were increased at the end of operation, and at 4 h and 8 h after operation as compared with the baseline values before induction of anesthesia (P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion Perioperative blood volume can be well maintained with PICCO monitoring in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis(PGD) is an advanced technology based on in-vitro fertility-embryo transfer,which binds multiple-discipline arts,specially the research on DNA analysis assay of single cell,to reach the aim of aristogenesis and wash out abnormal embryo before transfer.With the development of this technique and the ever wider applications,ethical issues also arise.This paper focuses on these ethical issues related to PGD,expecting an actual benefit for human.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an elementary criteria system for the access qualifications of hospital pharmacists to serve as a basis for the setting up of training goals of pharmaceutical education in school of higher learning and in-service edu_cation of hospital pharmacists,and to provide references for related policy makers in formulating qualification criteria for hospital pharmacists at different professional level and to provide references for the professional tests and assessments of hospital pharmacists at different professional level.METHODS:The criteria system of access qualifications of the pharmacists in medical institutions was raised referenced by the trend of overseas hospital pharmacy and the status quo of hospital pharmacy in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Access qualifications of pharmacists,pharmacists-in-charge,chief pharmacists were brought forward from the following aspects:professional knowledge,work experience & capability,capability in teaching and scientific research.The higher professional level the pharmacists are,the stricter in the demands of their capabilities including management of organization,promotion of rational use of drugs and doing pharmaceutical research.

Scientific and technological cooperation plays a key role in improving innovative capabilities and speeding up achievement transformation. Promoting self-discipline in morality, strengthening restraint by rules and regulations and enhancing legal protection of intellectual property are some of the key links in perfecting the credit system and consummating large-scale scientific and technological cooperation. Adopting the "coordinate signature system" for significant achievements through large-scale scientific and technological cooperation is the driving force behind such cooperation. Establishing information and experimental technology platforms is the basis and supplementary, means of scientific and technological cooperation while setting up a talent flow and excitation system and perfecting the system of resources integration and sharing are beneficial to the creation of a sound environment for large-scale scientific and technological cooperation.

Blood Vessels ; injuries ; Humans ; Iatrogenic Disease ; prevention & control ; Vascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control