Objective To investigate the correlation between ankle-brachial index and ultrasonography in lower ex- tremities vascular in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 218 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled,and ankle-brachial index(ABI)measurements and uhrasonography in lower extremities vascular were performed in all patients.Lower extremi- ties vascular disease(LEVD)were divided into six species according to the uhrasonography results and scored in accord- ante with its serious degree,then investigate the correlation between ABI and uhrasonography results score.All patients were divided into deferent groups according to uhrasonography results and ABI range,and then compared their deference. Results The lower the ABI,the more serious of the LEVD showed by ultrasonography.ABI and ultrasonic inspection score was significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.65,P

The effect of insulin treatment on fatty liver was investigated in diabetic mice fed with high-fat diet.C57 BL/6J mice were fed with high fat diet for 12 weeks,and then treated with Glargine for 4 weeks.The results showed that during intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test,blood glucose,serum total cholesterol and triglyceride(TG) were significantly lower in insulin-treated high fat group than those in untreated ones(P<0.05).The hepatic histology showed minimal or barely visible fat in hepmic cells along with TG content in liver decreasing by 20.71%. The results suggest that insulin ameliorates hepatic intracellular lipid accumulation induced by high fat diet.

Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 Omicron variant cases in makeshift hospital, and the influence of age, sex and vaccination status on the disease duration, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 cases admitted to makeshift hospital of National Convention and Exhibition Center (Shanghai) from April 9 to May 31, 2022 were retrospectively described and analyzed, and further cohort analysis was conducted to determine the influence of age, sex and vaccination status on the disease duration of COVID-19 cases in the author's branch hospital. Results Among the 174 466 COVID-19 cases in makeshift hospital, most of them were male, accounting for 59.38%. The infected cases were mainly young and middle-aged people aged 18-59 years old, accounting for 83.50%, followed by 12.30% of the elderly group over 60 years old; the average hospital stay was 7.40 days; the proportion of patients with fever was less than 27.79%; 15.37% (26 817/174 466) of the patients complicated with underlying diseases, and the top three were hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease. The proportion of people who received COVID-19 vaccine accounted for 79.56% (13 799/17 956), of which the highest proportion of three doses was 44.09%. The disease duration of 17 956 COVID-19 cases in the author's branch of makeshift hospital was 10.18 (7.34, 13.05) days. The disease duration in the elderly group was the longest with 11.34 (8.35, 14.37) days, followed by 11.17 (9.07, 14.33) days in the preschool group, 10.37 (8.14, 13.34)· days in the middle-aged group, 10.07 (7.37, 12.37) days in the school-age group, and 9.34 (7.05, 12.16) days in the young group. There was significant difference in the overall distribution of disease duration among the five groups (H=550.479 P<0.01). The disease duration in each age group basically showed a V-shaped distribution. The disease duration was 10.27 (7.34, 12.57) days in males and 10.10 (7.25, 13.09) days in females, and there was no significant difference (Z=-1.505 P>0.05). The disease duration of vaccinated patients was 10.24 (7.35, 13.05) days, and that of unvaccinated patients was 9.47 (7.09, 12.47) days. There was significant difference between the two groups (Z=-4.338 P<0.01). Conclusions COVID-19 Omicron variant cases have a high proportion of males, mainly young and middle-aged, and the proportion of fever patients is less than 30%. The disease duration is significantly lower than that of the original strain in Wuhan, and shows "V" distribution with each age group. Sex had no effect on the disease duration. COVID-19 vaccination did not have a clinical effect on the disease duration.

OBJECTIVETo provide analytical data and automatic method for more quickly and accurately discovering warning signals of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections from a large number of adverse reaction data.

METHODConstructed the TCM injection adverse reaction monitoring system, integrated of multiple mining algorithms of warning signals of adverse reactions and automatically generate early warning analysis, and extended the algorithm to achieve better effect of warning and analysis.

RESULTBy data validation, the system can provide consistent warning results with the actual situation.

CONCLUSIONThe established system has good scalability, it can provide warning analysis of adverse reaction data from multiple sources, and provide a basis for decision making to experts in the field.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; instrumentation ; standards ; Algorithms ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; epidemiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect of early insulin therapy on NF-KB pathway and inflammatory cytokine responses in fiver of diabetic rat.Methods NF-KB p65 DNA binding was assayed with ELISA-based assay kit,cytokine gene expressions were quantified with real-time PCR and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK),NF-KB and inhibitor KB(IKBα)protein levels wlere assayed with Westem blot.Results Compared with control,hepatic PEPCK protein level in the untreated diabetic rat increased by 40%.Early insulin and gliclazide treatment normalized PEPCK protein level.The abundance of IKBα protein was significantly decreased and nuclear NF-KB p65 DNA binding activity was incteased in untreated diabetic rats.IKBot protein content increased and NF-KB p65 DNA binding decreased during early intervention treatment.mRNAs encoding IL-1β and TNFα were increased,which were reduced to normal levels after insulin and gliclazide treatment.Conclusions It is suggested that early insulin treatment inhibits NF-KB activity and inflammatory cytokine responses in fiver that are involved in the aniefioration of insulin resistance in diabetic rats.Such results misht be due to indirect antiinflammatory effects of insulin thus relieving glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity in pefipherM tissues.

Cognition ; Dyslexia ; psychology ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reading

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the amount of blood loss and the efficacy of clotting factor in controlling blood loss during total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSThe medical documents of 18 patients with haemophilic arthritis (HA) secondary to haemophilia A and 19 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data,functional and hematological test results,the amount of blood loss and transfusion,and complications were analyzed.

RESULTSThe median amounts of total and external blood loss were 2240 ml(1892-3415 ml) and 1326 ml(934-2256 ml)in the HA group, which were significant higher than those in the OA group [1746 ml(1259-2246 ml)and 846 ml (504-1217 ml), respectively]. The median amounts of external blood loss in the two groups were 680 ml(370-1330 ml)and 730 ml(200-1190 ml)and there was no significant difference(p=0.620). Moreover, more patients in the HA group required blood transfusion (84.2% vs. 47.4%), and more red cells were transfused per patient in the HA group (2.3 U vs. 0 U).

CONCLUSIONSThe total blood loss and hidden blood loss are higher in the HA patients than in OA patients during total knee arthroplasty, although the external blood loss is basically the same. Management with more clotting factor may decrease the blood loss in HA patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthritis ; etiology ; surgery ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Hemophilia A ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a convenient,accurate and practical method for detection of adefovir dipivoxil resistance-as- sociated mutation in hepatitis B virus:rtA181V/T/S and rtN236T mutations.Methods According to HBV complete sequences in GenBank,two pairs of primers were designed to amplify the region of HBV reverse transcriptase in order to introduce a BglI restriction site upon PCR product of wild type (wt) and a BseDI restriction site upon PCR product of rt236 mutant type.After amplification,the PCR products were digested with BglI and BseDI separately.We used this method to detect wild,rt181 mu- tant,rt236 mutant plasmids and 3 chronic hepatitis B patients' serum with obvious ADV resistance-associated mutations.We also tested the sensitivity of this method by mixing the wild and mutant plasmids in different proportions.Results The method could detect rt181 and rt236 mutations simultaneously.The result of RFLP analysis was in accordance with that of DNA se- quencing and cloning analysis.This method could detect the mutants even when they comprised only 10% of the total virus population.Conclusions The PCR-RFLP method with high sensitivity can detect rt181 and rt236 mutations simultaneously.It can be used for early detection of ADV resistance-associated mutation in hepatitis B virus.

Objective To understand the genotypes of Mycobacterium leprae collected from Guangdong province,China and to analyze the routes of leprosy transmission both inside and outside of Guangdong.The impact of emigrant leprosy patients to the endemic nature of the disease in Guangdong was also studied.Methods Typing on strains with variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were performed on the local cases and emigrant cases based on skin biopsy.Results Most isolates from local patients belong to SNP type 1 and SNP type 3 isolates were found just in a small part of local isolates.However,all the emigrants were carrying SNP type 3.Within the SNP type 1 strain from Guangdong,alleles at the 18-8,12-5,ML-1,(TA) 10 and (GGT)5 differed from SNP 3 strains collected from other areas in China.However,all the SNP type 1 and SNP type 3 local isolates identified from Guangdong were having close VNTR profiles and the main differences appeared in the alleles at ML-1,(TA) 10 and (GGT)5.Conclusion The transmission of strain with SNP type 1 seemed to be associated to the "Silk Road on the Sea",calling for monitoring and confirming the transmission of patients with SNP type 3 in Guangdong were from the secondary transmission,by the emigrant patients.Further study on the historic spread and phylogenetic relationships between SNP type 1 and novel SNP type 3 in Guangdong is needed.

OBJECTIVETo describe a HPLC method for assessing betaine in Fufang Guilu granule.

METHODThe content of betainephenaxcyl bromide in Fufang Guilu granule was determined by HPLC. The analytical column was a shim-pack CLC-ODS (6.0 mm x 150 mm) filling a 5 microm stationary phase; The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(35:65) with 0.1 mol x L(-1) NaClO4; The flow-rate was 1 mL x min (-1); The detector was set at 254 nm.

RESULTThe calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.09-0.585 microg (r = 0.9997). The average recovery of the method was 98.4%, RSD 2.5% (n = 5).

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that this method was reliable and accurate, and can be used for quality control of Fufang Guilu granule.

Betaine ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lycium ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results