Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among residents in Chengdu City, so as to provide insights into improving the prevention and control of dyslipidemia. Methods: Based on the baseline survey of the Natural Population Cohort Study in Southwest China, residents aged 30 to 79 years was selected from 34 towns (communities) in 5 counties (districts) of Chengdu City using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method in 2018. Demographic information and lifestyle behaviors were collected through questionnaires. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected through physical examination and laboratory tests. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the factors affecting dyslipidamia. Results: A total of 21 113 participants were surveyed, including 9 331 males (44.20%) and 11 782 females (55.80%), and had a mean age of (50.80±12.32) years. The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 35.64%, and the prevalence rates of high TG, low-HDL-C, high TC and high LDL-C were 17.25%, 11.88%, 10.11% and 7.35%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified gender (male, OR=1.584, 95%CI: 1.463-1.716), age (50 to 79 years old, OR：1.221-1.444, 95%CI: 1.079-1.632), residence (urban, OR=1.123, 95%CI: 1.052-1.198), marital status (not married, OR=1.246, 95%CI: 1.128-1.376), educational level (high school and above, OR=0.914, 95%CI: 0.849-0.983), current smoking (OR=1.220, 95%CI: 1.121-1.327), drinking (1 to 2 d/week, OR=1.525, 95%CI: 1.368-1.700; 3 to 5 d/week, OR=1.857, 95%CI: 1.575-2.191; almost every day, OR=1.512, 95%CI: 1.269-1.801), sedentary time in leisure time (>2 h/d, OR=1.123, 95%CI: 1.046-1.206), central obesity (OR=2.212, 95%CI: 1.986-2.265), hypertension (OR=1.489, 95%CI: 1.388-1.598), diabetes (OR=1.998, 95%CI: 1.833-2.157) and hyperuricemia (OR=2.012, 95%CI: 1.848-2.192) as factors affecting dyslipidemia. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia among residents in Chengdu City was mainly associated with smoking, drinking, sedentary time, central obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricemia.

Objective: To analyze the association between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia among residents in Chengdu City, so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of hyperuricemia. Methods: Based on the Natural Cohort Study in Southwest Area, residents at ages of 30 to 79 years were recruited in Chengdu City in 2018. Information of demographics, smoking, alcohol consumption and diet were collected through a questionnaire survey. Blood uric acid was tested in the laboratory. Participants were divided into never, moderate and excessive drinking groups based on alcohol consumption. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia, and subgroup analysis was conducted according to gender, current residence, physical activity and body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 20 164 residents were investigated, including 8 776 males (43.52%) and 11 388 females (56.48%), with a mean age of (51.22±12.33) years. There were 9 769 never-drinkers (48.45%), 8 310 moderate-drinkers (41.21%), and 2 085 excessive-drinkers (10.34%). Hyperuricemia was detected in 4 101 patients, with a detection rate of 20.34%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that moderate drinking (OR=1.122, 95%CI: 1.031-1.222) and excessive drinking (OR=1.529, 95%CI: 1.349-1.734) were associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. Moderate and excessive drinking were associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia among men, urban residents, residents with a high level of physical activity, and those with BMI less than 24 kg/m2 (all P<0.05). Excessive drinking were associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia among rural residents, residents with a low level of physical activity and with BMI of 24 kg/m2 and higher (all P<0.05). Conclusions Both moderate and excessive drinking are associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. Moderate drinking is not associated with a higher risk of hyperuricemia among rural residents, residents with a low level of physical activity and with BMI of 24 kg/m2 and higher.

Objective:To development a new method for sensitive detection of Porphyromanus gingivalis (P.gingivalis) based on magnetic encoding nanospheres and upconversion fluorescent encoding nanospheres.Methods:Magnetic and upconversion fluorescent encoding nanospheres were prepared by sol-gel method respectively,combined the monoclonal antibodies specific to P.gingivalis after modifying the surface of nanospheres.The system was used to detect P.gingivalis from mixed bacteria solution of P.gingivalis,F.nucleatum and S.mutans.Fluorescent microscopy with an external 980 nm near-infrared hght pulse laser,scanning and transmission microscope were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the detection system.Results:Magnetic and upconversion encoding nanospheres had better dispersion,particle size uniformity and homogeneous morphology.Besides,the magnetic encoding nanospheres had good magnetic properties and strong fluorescence intensity.P.gingivalis was captured by magnetic and upconversion encoding nanospheres in a mixed solution of the 3 bacteria with a detection limit of 10 CFU/ml.Conclusion:The method designed in this study can capture P.gingivalis sensitively in a mixed bacteria liquid.

An ammonium-tolerant mutant of Actinobacillus succinogenes, YZ25, was obtained in the medium containing 61-242 mmol/L NH4+ after DES mutagenesis. Succinic acid produced by the mutant YZ25 reached 32.68 g/L when the medium contains 50 g/L glucose and 121 mmol/L ammonium, which was increased by 180.5% compared with that of the parent strain. The effects of different ammonium salts on the growth of the mutant and its metabolic response to high ammonium concentrations were investigated. The results showed that low ammonium concentration could improve the specific growth rates of the mutants, while high ammonium concentration inhibited cell growth. The ammonia-nitrogen half-inhibition constants (Ki) for different ammonium salts were as follows: 215 mmol/L for (NH4)2SO4, 265 mmol/L for NH4HCO3, 235 mmol/L for NH4Cl, and 210 mmol/L for NH4NO3. The process of ammonium inhibition on the mutant YZ25 was investigated in 3.0 L stirred fermenter. When NH4OH was used to buffer the pH, cell growth was not inhibited. However, production of succinic acid and consumption of glucose gradually decreased when cells entered the stationary phase, and the glucose could not be utilized completely at the end of fermentation. The possible ammonium inhibition mechanism was discussed based on the metabolic pathway of A. succinogenes.
Actinobacillus ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Bioreactors ; Drug Tolerance ; Fermentation ; Industrial Microbiology ; Mutation ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Succinic Acid ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the sensitivity of newborn screening for neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by Citrin deficiency (NICCD) based on tandem mass spectrometry and the carrying rate of known pathogenic variants of SLC25A13 in Guangzhou population. Methods:A total of 124 250 neonates born in Guangzhou from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 were performed newborn screening for NICCD by tandem mass spectrometry technology. SLC25 A13 gene mutation analysis was performed to diagnose patients with suspected NICCD.The carrying rate of known pathogenic variants of the SLC25 A13 gene in the whole exon sequencing results of 2 395 healthy children in Guangzhou was retrospective analyzed. Results:Among the 124 250 screened neonates, 31 cases were screened positive for NICCD and one of them was confirmed.Three false negative patients with NICCD were found in this cohort.NICCD screening sensitivity was 25%(1/4 cases). All of the four patients were homozygous for c. 851_854del of SLC25A13.Among 2 395 controls, 60 cases were detected heterozygous variant of SLC25A13, including 8 kinds of reported pathogenic variants.The carrying rate of pathogenic alleles was 1/40 (60/2 395 cases). The estimated prevalence of citrin deficiency was about 1/6 400.The most common variant was c. 851_854del (56.7%, 34/60 cases), and the second was c. 790G>A (23.3%, 14/60 cases). The controversial variant c. 2T>C was detected in 113 children with heterozygous and 2 cases with homozygous and the carrying rate of c. 2T>C was 1/20(117/2 395 cases). Conclusions:The carrying rate of pathogenic variants of SLC25A13 and the estimated prevalence of Citrin deficiency in Guangzhou population are high.The sensitivity of newborn screening for NICCD by tandem mass spectrometry is limited.Even if the negative results for screening of multiple genetic and metabolic diseases by tandem mass spectrometry, it is recommended to recheck blood for newborns or infants with delayed jaundice to avoid missed diagnosis.

Objective:To analyze the statuses of CD8 + T cell exhaustion in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and co-infection. Methods:A total of 87 patients infected with HIV and/or MTB in Wuxi Fifth People′s Hospital and Taicang First People′s Hospital from August 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled, including 18 cases of HIV infection, 34 cases of active tuberculosis (ATB), 19 cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTB), seven cases of HIV coinfected with ATB, and nine cases of HIV coinfected with LTB. Another 11 healthy controls were also included. The peripheral blood of all subjects was collected for cell surface staining and intracellular cytokine staining, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expressions of activation molecules including CD62 ligand, CD44 and CD127, the transcription factor like eomesodermin (EOMES), T cell factor 1 (TCF-1), T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1), inhibitory receptors including programmed death-1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) on CD8 + T cells. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of the activation molecules CD62 ligand and CD44 in the HIV group were lower than those in the healthy control group, while the inhibitory receptor Tim-3 was higher than that in the healthy control group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=31.00, 1.00 and 0.00, respectively, all P<0.010). The MFIs of CD62 ligand and CD44 in HIV coinfected with LTB group were lower than those in LTB group, while PD-1 and Tim-3 were higher than those in LTB group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=4.00, 26.00, 6.00 and 3.00, respectively, all P<0.010). The MFIs of CD62 ligand, CD44 and CD127 in HIV coinfected with ATB group were lower than those in ATB group, while PD-1 and Tim-3 were higher than those in ATB group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=9.00, 40.00, 45.50, 28.00 and 7.00, respectively, all P<0.010). The proportion of terminal effector CD8 + T cells in the HIV group was higher than that in the healthy control group, while the proportion of central memory CD8 + T cells was lower than that in the healthy control group. The differences were both statistically significant ( U=15.00 and 33.00, respectively, both P<0.010). The proportion of terminal effector CD8 + T cells in the HIV coinfected with LTB group was higher than the LTB group, while the proportion of central memory CD8 + T cells was lower than that in the LTB group. The differences were both statistically significant ( U=7.00 and 20.00, respectively, both P<0.010). The proportion of terminal effector CD8 + T cells in the HIV coinfected with ATB group was higher than that in ATB group, while the proportion of central memory CD8 + T cells was lower than that in ATB group. The differences were statistically significant (both U=7.00, P<0.001). The expression level of PD-1 + Tim-3 + T cells in HIV group was higher than that in healthy control group, that in HIV coinfected with LTB group was higher than that in LTB group, and that in HIV coinfected with ATB group was higher than that in ATB group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=21.00, 6.00 and 5.50, respectively, all P<0.001). The MFI of transcription factors EOMES and TCF-1 in HIV coinfected with LTB group were lower than those in HIV group, while the MFI of T-bet was higher than that in HIV group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=3.00, 4.00 and 9.00, respectively, all P<0.001). The MFI of EOMES and TCF-1 in HIV coinfected with ATB group were lower than those in HIV group, while the MFI of T-bet and Blimp-1 were higher than those in the HIV group. The differences were all statistically significant ( U=11.00, 14.00, 7.00 and 22.00, respectively, all P<0.050). Conclusions:MTB co-infected with HIV patients present lower immune function and a higher degree of CD8 + T cell exhaustion. In addition, HIV patients co-infected with LTB and ATB have a higher degree of CD8 + T cell exhaustion than HIV infected patients.