Objective:To investigate the effect of nutrition intake,body mass index(BMI),age of delivery,pregnancy time of pregnant women on birth weights of neonates.Methods:The conditions of 237 pregnancy women from January.1st 2007 to June 1st 2007 in one hospital of Chongqing were analyzed retrospectively.There were 3 cases of fetal death,8 cases of artificial abortion among them,so the practical cases number was 226.Indexes of nutrition intake,body mass index,age of delivery, pregnancy time of pregnant women and birth weights of neonates were recorded and performed for statistical analysis.Results: The pregnant women with high total energy and tat intake,high BMI and post-term birth had higher risk of delivery of heavier infants or even macrosomia.The protein and carbohydrate intake,age of delivery of pregnant women wouldn't affect on birth weights of neonates.Conclusion:The total energy and fat intake,body height,body weight and pregnancy time of pregnant women will affect on the birth weights of neonates.

Objective To explore the correlation of cognitive impairment with ischemic strokeinducing cerebral artery,in order to predict and find the correlations between different cognitive dysfunction and different intracranial arterial occlusion.Methods We used Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate neuropsychological statuses in the 250 patients,who developed first time acute myocardial infarction for 2 weeks.MoCA scores and other neuropsychological cognitive assessment scores were recorded.Patients were grouped by the location of intracranial arterial occlusion.The neuropsychological cognitive assessment results were analyzed between groups.Results Middle cerebral artery occlusion was correlated with impairments of visual spatial/executive,attention,language and memory (B=-1.875 ～-1.094,P＜0.05).Anterior cerebral artery and vertebral basilar artery occlusion had correlations with attention impairment (B =-3.977,B =-1.833,P＜0.01).Posterior cerebral artery occlusion could cause visual spatial/executive,language and memory impairment(B=-1.714 ～-1.095,P＜0.05).No correlation of cognitive impairment characteristics with anterior choroidal artery occlusion was found.Conclusions Different arterial occlusion can cause different characteristics of impairment in cognitive function,which can help to predict cognitive impairment after sub-acute stroke.It suggests that some cognitive assessments must be conducted in sub-acute stroke management.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare type of malignant lymphoma which originates in the central nervous system without spreading to other systems. It is more predisposable to immunodeficient individuals. However, an increase in the incidence of PCNSL has been also observed in the healthy population in recent years. PCNSL has short phase of clincal release, and easy to relapse with poor prognosis. Some studies have shown that relative prognostic factors were associated with age, performance status, the radiotherapy and chemotherapy modalities, the response to early adminstration of the glucocorticoid,tissue pathologic type and the molecular biologic marks.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect in treatment of hepatic metastases tumor with poorly blood supply through superselective transcatheter nutrient arterial full chemoembolization.Methods 75 cases of hepatic metastases tumors with poorly blood supply were treated by full chemoembolization through superselective transcatheter nutrient arterial infusion under DSA guided.Results After treatment 2～3 months,CT scans showed that totally 202 tumors in 75 cases,the tumors were fully filled with lipiodol in 189,large part in 11 and not well in 2.159 tumors were obviously shrunk,41 tumors were shrunk part,2 tumors were not obviously shrunk.The survival rate in 6 months,12 months,24 months,36 months and 3～5 years was 100%(75/75),85.3%(64/75),55%(41/75),42.7%(32/75)and 20%(15/75)respectively.Conclusion The transcatheter superselective nutrient arterial full filling chemoembolization for hepatic metastases tumor with poorly blood supply is a effective therapy.

Objective To compare tacrolumus (FK506) with cyclosporine A (CsA) in clinical application to organ transplantation.Methods The literature in recent years has been reviewed and compared. Results FK506 was a powerful immunosuppression with a mechanism of action similar to that of CsA, but significantly superiori to CsA in terms of prophylaxis and treatment of allograft acute rejection, delay of chronic rejection, and withdrawal of steroid in early period. The cardiovascular mortality and chronic graft nephropathy (CGN),such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia were less frequently seen in FK506-treated patients and FK506 also had an acceptable safety profile, including a low incidence of hypertrichosis,gingival hyperplasia and infections.However, CsA had been showed a better result in prevention of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM ) and more economic agent than FK506. Pharmacokinetic studies showed CsA in the form of Sandimmun Neoral showed less inter- an intrapatient variability than FK506.Meanwhile, the combination of MMF and FK506 or CsA has been proved effectively with excellent graft and patients survival. Conclusion FK506 and CsA are safe and effective long term maintenance immunosuppressive agents in organ transplantation with wonderful prospect.

To examine the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) in the apoptosis of pancreatic beta-cells to better understand the pathogenesis and to find new approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes, apoptosis was induced by oleic acid (OA) in INS-1 cells and the activity of GSK-3 was inhibited by LiCl. The PI staining and flow cytometry were employed for the evaluation of apoptosis. The phosphorylation level of GSK-3 was detected by Western blotting. The results showed that OA at 0.4 mmol/L could cause conspicuous apoptosis of INS-1 cells and the activity of GSK-3 was significantly increased. After the treatment with 24 mmol/L of LiCl, a inhibitor of GSK-3, the OA-induced apoptosis of INS-1 cells was lessened and the phosphorylation of GSK-3 was increased remarkably. It is concluded that GSK-3 activation plays an important role in OA-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells and inhibition of the GSK-3 activity can effectively protect INS-1 cells from the OA-induced apoptosis. Our study provides a new experimental basis and target for the clinical treatment of type-2 diabetes.
Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/*pharmacology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/*metabolism ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/*cytology ; Oleic Acid/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation

The robotic surgical system can provide a stable, clear and magnified three-dimensional view, filter the surgeon's hand tremor, and hold robotic arms with multiple degrees of freedom to ensure flexible and stable operations, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional laparoscopy. Although the robotic surgical system has been widely used in surgical fields such as urology, obstetrics and gynecology, its role in hepatic surgery has not been fully recognized. In this article, based on the relevant literatures and their own experience, the authors briefly discuss the indications of the application of robotic surgical system in liver surgery, safety and efficacy of robotic liver resection, learning curve of robotic hepatectomy, difficult robotic hepatectomy, the cost of robotic liver resection and other issues.

This paper reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis of post-ischemic-stroke cognitive impairment and the correlation analysis between the lesion and cognitive impairment under imaging guidance.

With the rapid development of pharmacogenetics, more and more studies have shown evidence in the association between polymorphisms at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci and severe adverse drug reactions (SADRs). Several HLA-B alleles proved to be associated with SADRs for drugs such as carbamazepine, allopurinol, lamotrigine, and lfucloxacillin. hTe USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has even recommended routine screening for HLA-B allele before the use of abacavir and carbamazepine. With the completion of human genome project and the Hapmapproject, several new pharmacogenetics approaches such as genome-wide association study (GWAS) have emerged. hTese newly developed methods will undoubtedly accelerate the identiifcation and clinical utilization of the pharmacogenetic biomakers. In addition, the immunogenetic mechanisms by which the HLA alleles cause SADRs are explored at the cellular and molecular level. hTis review focuses on the recent progresses in HLA alleles and ADRs regarding both the clinical translation and modern pharmacogenetic methods.

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