Objective To explore the expression level and clinical significance of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods From August 2015-August 2016,31 COPD patients combined with chronic periodontitis were set as group A,31 patients with chronic periodontitis were set as group B,and another 31 healthy subjects were selected as the control group in Chaoyang Hospital.Each group extracted fasting venous blood 4 ml,serum inflammatory factors levels (IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IFN-γ and TNF-α) were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA),periodontal condition [plaque index (PLI),clinical attachment loss (CAL),probing depth (PD),bleeding index (BI)] and lung function index [first 1 s forced expiratory volume％ of predicted value (FEV1％),first 1 s forced expiratory volume occupies the percentage of vital capacity (FEV1/FVC)] were compared.Results The PLI,CAL,PD and BI levels in group B were higher than those in control group,indicators of group A were higher than group B,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in FEV1 ％ and FEV1/FVC between group B and control group,indicators of group A were less than group B and control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ and TNF-α in group B were higher than those in control group,indicators of group A were significantly higher than group B,the levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in group B were significantly lower than those in control group,indicators of group A were significantly less than group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Periodontal status and lung function of chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with COPD patients is not good,the serum levels of IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were increased,and the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10 were decreased,which might be important risk factors for chronic periodontitis and COPD happen and progress.Therefore,treatment regimen can be adjusted by detecting the levels of above indicators.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the status of concomitant or combined infection in patients presented with hepatitis B for investigation of the nosocomial infection control. METHODS We determined the serum virus marker of hepatitis A,C,D,E and G from 786 cases infected with hepatitis B virus. RESULTS Double and multiple infections accompanied by hepatitis B were found to be 16.67%(131/786) and 1.78%(14/786),respectively,especially with hepatitis C which amounted to 45.52%(66/145) of those with concomitant infections(double or multiple). CONCLUSIONS It is commonness that the patient of hepatitis B to preexist other kinds of hepatitis virus infections.We determine other hepatitis markers in patients of hepatitis B to be probative for nosocomial infection.

Objective:To explore the relationship between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and periodontitis. Methods: 498 subjects were recruited in this study and were divided into three groups: mild periodontitis group (77, 15.5%), moderate periodontitis group (143, 28.7%), and severe periodontitis group (278, 55.8%). Clinical examination indexes included probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), plaque index (PLI) and the level of the alveolar resorption. Lung function of each subjects were also examined. Results: The levels of AL, PLI and alveolar resorption in COPD group were higher than non-COPD group. Significant differences of "FEV1% pre"(F=3.59,P=0.028) and "FEV1/FVC"(F=4.84,P=0.008) were found among different degrees of periodontitis. Negative relationship was found between the level of "FEV1% pre" and the periodontal index (AL, PLI, alveolar resorption), and the same relationship was found for "FEV1/FVC". Conclusion: Correlation is found between COPD and the periodontitis index (AL, PLI, alveolar resorption).

Oral microecosystem comprises the different anatomic microniches of the oral cavity, oral microbiome living in them and the bathing fluid, saliva. Dynamic balance of the ecosystem plays an important role in keeping human health whereas disease conditions supervene when the microbial equilibrium is broken. Hence, the researchers have focused more attention on it recently. In this paper, the relationship between oral microecological homeostasis and general health was systematically reviewed from such aspects as the composition of oral microecosystem, the effects of its imbalance on oral and general health, and the methods currently used to modulate the oral microecology.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of periodontal therapy on the quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods: In a randomized controlled pilot study, 60 COPD patients with CP were randomly assigned into three groups to receive scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment, supragingival scaling treatment and oral hygiene instructions only with no periodontal treatment, respectively. The scores of each patient′s quality of life at baseline, 1 year and 2 years, respectively, were evaluated by using the standardized St George′s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ). The SGRQ was composed of three dimensions: symptoms, activity, and impact. A score was calculated for each section and a total summary score was also calculated. A high score indicated poor health and a decrease in the score indicates an improvement in quality of life. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, lung funtion, periodontal parameters and the SGRQ scores (including total, symptoms, activity and impacts scores) among three groups at baseline (all P>0.05). The SGRQ scores were all significantly correlated with major lung function parameters (r=-0.54 --0.28). The result of ANCOVA analysis adjusted for the influence of baseline measurements showed that the total scores of two periodontal treatment groups were significantly lower (P=0.01) than that of control group at 2-year follow-up (SRP group: 31.1±12.1; scaling group: 28.9±9.8; control group: 46.5±24.9). The symptoms score of SRP group (45.4±19.7) was significantly lower (P=0.03) than that of control group (53.6±25.4) at 2-year follow-up. The impacts scores of two treatment groups were significantly lower (P=0.02) than that of control group at 2-year follow-up (SRP group: 15.2±8.3; scaling group: 14.9±7.7; control group: 34.8±18.8). Conclusions Our preliminary results from this study suggest that non-surgical periodontal treatment in COPD patients with CP might improve the quality of life of the COPD patient.

Objective To discuss the effect of in vitro fertilization ( IVF) and mouse sperm cryopreservation , to establish a simple and economic frozen system for the genetically engineering mice preservation .Methods Sperm from genetically engineering mice were cryopreserved , IVF was performed using post-thawed sperm, then embryo transfer, to compare the effects of cryopreservation medium、age of male mice and sperm preincubation medium .Results Using CPA as sperm cryopreservation medium , when PM was used thawed-sperm preincubation in IVF , the fertility rates were from 82.49%to 91.43%, when HTF was used thawed-sperm preincubation in IVF , the fertility rates were from14.46%to 27.38%, there was a signification difference between PM and HTF sperm preincubation medium;10 to 35 weeks male genetically engineering mice sperm were succeed cryopreservation , and positive mice were procreated after 2-cell embryos were transferred;R18S3、CPM and CPA was used to freeze sperm , the fertility rates were 75.85%、88.89%to 94.27%, positive mice were procreated after 2-cell embryos were transferred;2-cell embryos after IVF were freezed , then thawed and positive mice were procreated after 2-cell embryos were transferred .Conclusion Using CPA as sperm cryopreservation medium , when PM was used thawed-sperm preincubation in IVF , genetically engineering mice sperm were succeed cryopreservation .

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effect of Ginkgo biloba extract gel (Ginkgo biloba extract,EGB) and minocycline hydrochloride (Periocline) on periodontitis and their inhibition on putative periodontal pathogens.

METHODSThirty patients with moderate-to-severe periodontitis were selected. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a positive control group (minocycline hydrochloride). Supragingival and subgingival scaling were performed on all patients. Subgingival plaque samples were collected before treatment, 1 week, 2 months and 4 months after treatment. The four major periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Bacteroides forsythus (Bf), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Treponema denticola (Td) were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Clinical indexes plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI) and probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL) were examined before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment. The results were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe detection rates of the 4 periodontal pathogens were Td (83.3%), Tf (95.0%), Pi (80.0%), Pg (81.7% ) in experimental group and Td (83.3%), Tf (95.0%), Pi (80.0%), Pg (81.7%) in control group before treatment. The detection rates in experimental group were not significantly different with those in control group after treatment, except for the detection rate of Pg 1 week after treatment (P < 0.01, the detection of Pg was 56.7% in experimental group and 53.3% in control group 1 week after treatment). The PLI and BI were not significantly different between experimental group and control group after treatment (P > 0.05). The difference was statistically significant at 6 months after treatment [(3.5 ± 0.5) mm for experimental group and (3.2 ± 0.4) mm for control group, P = 0.00]. The mean of AL decreased with time. The difference was statistically significant at 6 months after treatment [ (4.5 ± 0.4) mm for experimental group and (4.3 ± 0.4) mm for control group at 6 months, P = 0.01].

CONCLUSIONSThe inhibition effects of EGB and minocycline hydrochloride were comparable for major periodontal pathogens within short term.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dental Plaque ; Dental Plaque Index ; Dental Scaling ; Ginkgo biloba ; Humans ; Minocycline ; therapeutic use ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontal Pocket ; microbiology ; Periodontitis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Prevotella intermedia ; isolation & purification ; Treponema denticola

B cell activating factor (BAFF) is the key regulator of B cells and is considered as a potential therapeutic target for immune inflammatory diseases. Periodontitis can promote local and systemic BAFF factor expression, whereas BAFF aggravates B cell immune responses and tissue destruction in periodontitis. In addition, BAFF also stimulates CD4+T cell response and inhibits regulatory T cell and M2 macrophage responses, thus changing the pathogenesis of a variety of immune inflammatory diseases. However, whether the biological effect mentioned above is an important mechanism by which BAFF aggravates periodontitis still lacks direct evidence and should be confirmed in future research. To provide a theoretical basis for the study of the pathogenic mechanism of BAFF, the expression and role of BAFF in periodontitis is reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the relationships between differences in tumorigenicity and immu-nogenetic backgrounds of nude mice. Methods According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, positive and neg-ative groups were set up in both Laboratory A and B with ten nude mice in each group. Organ tissues were collected for clinicopathological analysis. Blood samples were collected and detected using flow cytometry. DNA was extracted and analyzed with 23 STR markers. Results The positive group of Laboratory B was in-valid (7/10 tumor formation). The two laboratories showed no significant difference in the results of patho-logical analysis, but had significant differences in CD25, CD8, CD4, Th1 and Th2. There were 13 and 18 polymorphic sites respectively found in nude mice of Laboratory A and B. Further analysis of the non-tumor-bearing nude mice in Laboratory B positive group revealed that CD25, Th2, D3Mit29 and D5Mit48 were the specific indexes. Conclusion Differences in tumorigenicity might be related to the diversity of immunoge-netic backgrounds of nude mice.

Objective To explore the expression level and clinical significance of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods From August 2015-August 2016,31 COPD patients combined with chronic periodontitis were set as group A,31 patients with chronic periodontitis were set as group B,and another 31 healthy subjects were selected as the control group in Chaoyang Hospital.Each group extracted fasting venous blood 4 ml,serum inflammatory factors levels (IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IFN-γ and TNF-α) were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA),periodontal condition [plaque index (PLI),clinical attachment loss (CAL),probing depth (PD),bleeding index (BI)] and lung function index [first 1 s forced expiratory volume％ of predicted value (FEV1％),first 1 s forced expiratory volume occupies the percentage of vital capacity (FEV1/FVC)] were compared.Results The PLI,CAL,PD and BI levels in group B were higher than those in control group,indicators of group A were higher than group B,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in FEV1 ％ and FEV1/FVC between group B and control group,indicators of group A were less than group B and control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ and TNF-α in group B were higher than those in control group,indicators of group A were significantly higher than group B,the levels of IL-2 and IL-10 in group B were significantly lower than those in control group,indicators of group A were significantly less than group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Periodontal status and lung function of chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with COPD patients is not good,the serum levels of IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were increased,and the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10 were decreased,which might be important risk factors for chronic periodontitis and COPD happen and progress.Therefore,treatment regimen can be adjusted by detecting the levels of above indicators.