Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a novel apolipoprotein discovered in 1999 and belongs tothe lipocalin protein superfamily.The APOM gene is mainly expressed in the liver and kidney,Where it is highly regulated by transcription factors,cytokines,hormones etc.Series of studies have shown that apoM plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism especially in high-density lipoprotein (HDL).Since the relationship between HDL and atherosclerosis (AS) has been well known,apoM is supposed to be of potential fuctional importance in AS.Here we review the progress made in understanding the characteristics of apoM and its relationship to cardiovascular disease.

Objective To study the relationship between the IgG antibody titer, the concentration of IgG subclasses in group O maternal sera and hemolytic disease of newborn. Methods By means of blood group serology assay, IgG antibody titers in 317 pregnant women who had incompatible blood group with their husbands was measured. The concentration of IgG subclasses were measured in HDN infants and their mothers, healthy pregnant women and healthy infants by ELISA. Results 1) Among 317 maternal sera, 153 cases (48.3%) were found to have IgG antibody titers higher than 1∶64, with anti-A and anti-B in 89 and 64 cases, respectively. Seventy-one (22.4%) newborns suffered from ABO-HDN, with 46 anti-A and 25 anti-B; 2) With increased numbers of pregnancy, the proportions women with greater than 1∶64 IgG antibody increased, and there was significant difference between those with one pregnancy and those with more than one pregnancies; 3) The levels of IgG antibody in HDN infants and their mothers were higher than those in control group, and IgG1 was the predominant subclass. Meanwhile, the proportion of IgG1 in infants was higher than in pregnant women. Conclusion To some couples of ABO incompatibility, IgG antibody titer and IgG subclasses should be tested in pregnant women. The incidence of HDN increases with increased antibody titers. The severity of HDN correlates positively with the concentration of IgG1 in maternal sera.

Objective To observe the intervene effects of montmorillonite powder and mannitol on rat with acute paraquat poi-soning by intragastric administration .Methods 40 male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly ,control group(C) ,pa-raquat group(P) ,PT1 groups were treated with montmorillonite powder and mannitol gavage after paraquat exposure one hour ,PT2 group was treated after paraquat exposure four hours .P ,PT1 ,and PT2 groups were exposed to paraquat 50 mg/kg .one and four hour later ,PT1 and PT2 group rats were given 7 g/kg montmorillonite-mannitol solution respectively ,C group and P group with sa-line instead .then to observe general state in rats .Give rats run training before and after intragastric administration ,comparison the fall times from the treadmill among groups before and 5 ,10 ,15 days after administration ,rats were killed in 15 th days exposed pa-raquat ,collect their lung tissue ,hydroxyproline content were measured in lung tissue of rat by alkaline hydrolysis ,observe the path-ological changes by HE staining in rat lungs .Results the general condition were poor in P ,PT1 and PT2 group rats .And those mean food intakes were significantly lower than the control group (P<0 .01) .there are no significant of the weight gain and the fall times from the treadmill before and 5 th ,10 th after administration among four groups(P>0 .05) ,but P group′s fall times increased significantly than the others group′s at 15 th day after exposed(P< 0 .05) .the all group rat lung tissue hydroxyproline overall difference significant(P<0 .01) ,from the two-two compared results ,three paraquat exposed groups higher than control group ,and P group also higher than PT1 and PT2 group(P<0 .05) .From the lung tissue slices ,P ,PT1 and PT2 group showed significant pul-monary fibrosis than C group ,and the P group′s was the most severe .Conclusion Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis may be alleviated by early use of montmorillonite powder and mannitol on paraquat poisoning rats .

Objective:To investigate the effect of Ku70 silencing on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in human NSLC cell line,A549 and drug-resistant A549DDP.Methods:Expression of Ku70mRNA in human A549 cells was examined by RT-PCR.Expression of apoptosis-related genes was examined by PCR-Array assay.Results: The Ku70mRNA was higher in A549DDP cells than in A549 cells.The expression of BAX,TP53 and TP73 was significantly increased whereas the expression of TNFRSF1A and BFAR decreased in siRNA-Ku70 A549DDP cells when compared to those of A549DDP cells.Conclsion:The amount of Ku70 mRNA is higher in A549DDP cells,suggesting that Ku70 is important for drug-resistance; Silencing Ku70 might reverse the drug-resistance in A549DDP cells through regulation of expression of apoptofic genes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on collagen Ⅱ expression in rat articular chondrocytes in vitro.MethodsChondrocytes were isolated and cultured.Then rats were divided into 4 groups:group A(control):without any intervention; group B:10 ng/ml VEGF was added; group C:10 ng/ml IL-1β was added; group D:10 ng/ml VEGF and 10 ng/ml IL-1β were added.Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of collagen Ⅱ was detected by using real time polymerase chain reaction (real time PCR),and the protein expression level of collagen Ⅱ was detected by Western blotting.Comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA.ResultsThe collagen Ⅱ mRNA expression levels of group B (0.78+0.07),group C (0.67+0.06) and group D (0.57+0.04) were significantly lower than those of the group A (1.00±0.08),and there was significant difference between B and D,C and D.Compared with group A(0.95+0.21),the expression of collagen Ⅱ protein in group B(0.71+0.14),group C(0.60±0.11) and group D(0.31 +0.09) was significantly suppressed.The expression of collagen Ⅱ protein in group D was significantly lower than those of group B and C.ConclusionVEGF can significantly suppress the expression of collagen II in rat articular chondrocytes.VEGF may play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis.

Objective To explore the neural mechanism underlying the craving of heroin addicts induced by picture-cue and the correlation between the brain activation degree in nucleus accumbens (NAc)/the ventral striatum and the scores of patients' self-report craving. Methods Twelve active heroin addicts and 12 matched healthy controls underwent fMRI scan while viewing drug-related pictures and neutral pictures presented in a block design paradigm after anatomical scanning in GE 3.0 T scanner. The fMRI data were analyzed with SPM 5. The change of craving scores was tested by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The Pearson correlation between the activation of NAc/the ventral striatum and the heroin craving score was tested by SPSS 13.0. Results The craving scores of heroin addicts ranged from 0 to 3.70(median 0.15) before exposed to drug cue and 0 to 5.10(median 3.25) after viewing drug-related pictures and showed statistical significance(Z = -2.666, P < 0.05). There were 16 activated brain areas when heroin dependent patients exposed to visual drug-related cue vs. neutral visual stimuli. The activation brain regions belonged to two parts, one was limbic system (amygdale, hippocampus, putamen, anterior cingulate cortex and caudate), another was brain cortex (middle frontal cortex, inferior frontal cortex, precentral gyrus, middle temporal cortex, inferior temporal cortex, fusiform gyrus, precuneus and middle occipital gyrus). The MR signal activation magnitude of heroin addicts ranged from 0.19 to 3.50. The result displayed a significant positive correlation between the cue-induced fMRI activation in NAc/the ventral striatum and heroin craving severity (r=0.829, P < 0.05). Conclusion Heroin shared the same neural circuitry in part with other drugs of abuse for cue-induced craving, including brain reward circuitry, visualspatial attention circuit and working memory region. In addition, the dysfunction of NAc/the ventral striatum may attribute to heroin-related cue induced craving.

PurposeHeroin addiction is a chronic and recurrent functional brain disease, there are some functional changes in specific brain regions, but the network character remains unclear. The aim of this paper is to explore the network character of brain resting-state functional network in heroin addicts, to identify the potential neuromechanism of heroin addiction from the perspective of brain network.Materials and Methods Thirty heroin addicts (HA group) and twenty-nine healthy controls (control group) underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning using GE 3.0T MRI scanner. The brain functional networks were constructed based on graph theory, the small-world properties and node properties were calculated and compared between the two groups, the correlation between the total dosage of heroin and node degree was analyzed.Results Compared with control group, the small world characteristics of HA group was altered with statistically significant difference (P<0.05, corrected by false discovery rate); the node degrees in orbit frontal regions increased, while those in occipital brain regions decreased (P<0.05, corrected by false discovery rate). No correlation was found in HA group between node degree and the total dosage of heroin.Conclusion These results suggest that topology of functional brain networks were altered in heroin addicts which tends to random networks; increased motivational driving to the salience of drug and decreased visuospatial attention in heroin addicts may provide a strategy for identifying the neuromechanism of heroin addiction.

Objective Study on the absorption,distribution,transformation,excretion and toxicity of four forms of arsenic in rats.Methods Four thousand and fifty data were obtained from 28 days animal metabolism experiments of 81 rats exposed to the four As species.Distribution,metabolism,excretion,and subacute toxicity of 4 As species were compared by analyzing the arsenate [As(V)],arsenite [As(Ⅲ)],methyl arsenate (MMAV) and dimethyl arsenate (DMAV) content of rat feces (excrement and urine),blood,seven organs,and liver and kidney pathology.Results After oral administration of each As species,82.9％ of As(Ⅲ),85.1％ of As(V),95.0％ of MMAV and 96.2％ of DMAV were accumulatively secreted via feces and urine,while 16.2％ of As(Ⅲ),14.1％ of As(V),4.65％ of MMAV and 0.120％ of DMAV were detected in blood.The DMAV accumulated in blood and urine after dosing As(Ⅲ),As(V) and MMAV,and the content of DMAV in the blood was 8 times greater than urine.Four kinds of arsenic had effects on rat liver and kidney function,the influence on liver was acute phase effect while that on renal was cumulative effects.The effect of As(Ⅲ) was the most significant,followed by MMAV.Four kinds of arsenic could cause tissue deformation and inflammatory cells infiltration,but showed no difference between groups.Conclusion The distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity of the four kinds of arsenic in rats were different in varying degrees.The research of health risk for arsenic should consider its different forms.

Objective:To study the functional connectivity (FC) and metabolic effective connectivity (MEC) patterns of the default mode network (DMN) in healthy male adults based on a novel hybrid PET/MR system.Methods:Fifteen healthy male adults with median age of 29 years were recruited locally in Xi′an from January to May 2019. All subjects went through PET/MR scan to get the whole brain 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET, resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) and magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) T 1 weighted imaging data. CONN18b and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 12 softwares were used to analyze data. The voxel-wise FC and FDG metabolic data were extracted within 4 sub-networks of DMN, which included medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and bilateral lateral parietal (LP). The FC and MEC between 4 sub-networks were calculated based on merged resting-state fMRI and metabolic data, and analyzed by one-sample t test separately, with Bonferroni correction. Results:FC pathways were all significant within 4 sub-networks of DMN ( t values: 6.00-7.71, all P<0.008, Bonferroni corrected). Meanwhile, there were significant bi-directional MEC between MPFC and PCC(MPFC to PCC: t=10.03; PCC to MPFC: t=3.73, both P<0.004, Bonferroni corrected), as well as between bilateral LP (LP_L to LP_R: t=5.28; LP_R to LP_L: t=4.76, both P<0.004, Bonferroni corrected). There were significant uni-directional MEC from both MPFC and PCC to bilateral LP ( t values: 3.44-6.93, all P<0.004, Bonferroni corrected). Conclusions:Special FC and MEC patterns exist within DMN. The closely interrelated MPFC and PCC play more important roles in DMN, and they may mediate LP jointly. The novel integrated PET/MR system will bring new perspective on the organization of brain networks, which may deepen the comprehensive understanding of DMN.

Continuous medical imaging education is important for radiologists to improve their image diagnosis ability.In order to adapt to the development of medical education,the department of radiology in Tangdu hospital had built a set of teaching-picture archiving and communication system (TPACS) with its own intellectual property rights based on its own advantages.This system was actively put into use for scholar radiologists and the efficiency and quality of education as well as the development of continuous education for scholar radiologists were improved and promoted conspicuously.