Objective To evaluate the curative effect of Jiejiu-Hugan decoction combined with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules on the patients with alcoholic liver disease of liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome. Methods A total of 60 ALD patients were divided by random number table into two groups:combined treatment group (35 cases) and conventional treatment group (25 cases). Both groups received treatment according to the changes of symptomatic treatment. Besides, the conventional treatment group was treated with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, and combined treatment group was with both polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules and Jiejiu-Hugan decoction. Treatment last for 3 months. The improvement of liver function, blood lipid and the clinical symptoms and signs were observed. Results The total effective rate of the combined treatment group was 94.28%, whilethe conventional treatment group was 68%. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2=7.255, P=0.007). After the treatment, the levels of AST (52.60 ± 9.48 U/L vs. 63.28 ± 19.92 U/L, t=2.964), TBil (18.91 ± 7.23 U/L vs. 27.41 ± 8.53 U/L, t=4.678) in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). And TG (2.70 ± 0.52 mmol/L vs. 3.65 ± 0.74 mmol/L, t=4.809), LDL-C (3.56 ± 0.41 mmol/L vs. 4.20 ± 0.40 mmol/L, t=3.810) in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). Conclusions Jiejiu-Hugan decoction combined with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsule can effectively improve ALD patients' liver function;reduce the level of blood lipid. The combined treatment curative effect is better than the only western medicine conventional therapy.

ObjectiveTo discuss the sonographic features of the urogential system in AIDS patients.MethodsThe positive sonographic lesions of urogenital systems of 336 AIDS patiens were analyzed retrospectively,with some compared with the results of aspiration biopsy,lab tests and clinical observation and treatment.ResultsThe ultrasonographic features of the pathological changes of the urogenital systems in AIDS patients were relative infectious diseases and relative tumors,which were respectively renal enlargement in 157 cases (46.73％),diffuse renal parenchymal disease in 129 cases (38.39％),urogential single infections in 125 cases (37.20％),and urogential cancer in 17 cases (5.06％).All of the above symptoms often developed in the same patient.ConclusionsThe ultrasonography of the lesions of the urogenital systems in AIDS patients are valuable documents for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Disease bio-banks are an important strategic resource for medicine development. Such a bank with complete information and high information sharing enhances the competitiveness of medicine and promote the development of translational medicine. The present development of such banks is found with such setbacks as weak government leadership and standardization, as well as lack of a sharing mechanism. Therefore medical institutions should strengthen their standardization and informationization of disease bio-banks, which deserve sufficient government policy support and guidance. These efforts will help preserve our rich clinical resources, in addition to their integration and sharing for medicine advancement.

Objective To evaluate whether patients with BI‐RADS category 3 breast lesions can be managed safely by 1‐year follow‐ups using ultrasound elastography .Methods Data from 164 patients who underwent conventional B‐mode ultrasound and ultrasound‐based elasticity examinations from September 2009 to March 2014 ,and had BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that appear to be circumscribed and oval in shape with elasticity scores of 1 -2 ,were retrospectively reviewed .Results Of 331 BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that originally appeared circumscribed and oval in shape in 164 women ,the mean follow‐up period was 21 3. months (range ,12-48 months) ,and 330 (99 7.% ) were unchanged at follow‐up and considered probably benign .One lesion was upgraded to BI‐RADS category 4a ,and a subsequent biopsy pathologically confirmed it was a fibroadenoma .Conclusions BI‐RADS category 3 lesions with elasticity scores of 2 or lower can be reclassified as BI‐RADS category 2 lesions .A 1‐year follow‐up may be adequate for women undergoing screening ultrasonography ,which are found to have BI‐RADS category 3 lesions that appear to be circumscribed and oval in shape with elasticity scores of 1-2 .

Objective To analyze the medication regularity of the prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan; To provide references for inheritance of his academic ideas.Methods The prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan were inputted into the TCM Inheritance Supporting System (V2.5). By using revised mutual information, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical clustering, the composing medication regularity was analyzed.Results Based on the analysis of 470 entries of prescriptions, the frequency of 44 entries was more than 30 times; 19 combinations contained 2 to 3 entries, including 11 entries in total; 14 medicine association rules and their confidence coefficient were obtained, which leaded to 54 new core combinations and 27 new prescriptions. Conclusion The results of this study show Li Dong Yuan’s academic idea of “internal injuries of spleen and stomach, all diseases will born”, which guides the medication regularity of using medicine with the functions of strengthening the middle jiao, invigorating yang, tonifying qi and reinforcing the stomach. The results also provide data support for further study.

Objective: To examine the mediating effect of nighttime sleep duration on pain and frailty among elderly patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases, so as to provide insights into frailty control among the elderly. Methods: Demographic information, pain and nighttime sleep duration of the elderly at ages of 60 years and older were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2020. Frailty were evaluated using frailty index. The mediating effect of sleep duration for pain and frailty was analyzed using the Process program compiled by HAYSS and colleagues, and the significance of the mediating role was tested using the Bootstrap test. Results: A total of 2 246 elderly patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases were enrolled, including 1 195 males (53.21%) and 1 051 females (46.79%), with a median age of 65.00 (interquartile range, 8.00) years. There were 504 cases with frailty (22.44%), with a median pain score of 0 (interquartile range, 1.00) points, and a mean nighttime sleep duration of (6.44±1.55) hours. Mediating analysis showed that pain affected frailty directly and positively with the effect value of 0.089 (95%CI: 0.066-0.112), and also affected frailty by nighttime sleep duration directly and positively with the effect value of 0.047 (95%CI: 0.036-0.058), with the mediating effect contributed 34.56% of the total effect. Conclusion Pain can directly or indirectly affect frailty among elderly patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases through nighttime sleep duration.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of new criteria for evaluating the radiotherapeutic effect on esophageal cancer by barium meal (BM) combined with CT scans.Methods A total of 189 patients who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer (confirmed by biopsy) from January 2004 to December 2010 were enrolled as subjects.All patients underwent BM and CT scans before and after radiotherapy.The maximal esophageal wall thickness (EWT) and changes in the volumes of regional lymph nodes measured by CT scans were analyzed.New criteria for evaluating the short-term radiotherapeutic effect on esophageal cancer was studied considering the analysis results as well as the BM-based criteria for evaluating short-term radiotherapeutic effect and follow-up results.Results The BM-based evaluation criteria were still useful,but had certain limitations.There were 115 patients who had regional lymph node metastasis as detected by CT scans before radiotherapy,and they were divided into complete remission (CR) group and partial remission (PR) group according to BM results after radiotherapy; the local control rate (LCR) of CR group was significantly higher than that of PR group,but there was no significant difference in survival rate (SR) between the two groups.There were 65 patients who had no regional lymph node metastasis,and they were also divided into CR group and PR group according to BM results after radiotherapy;the LCR and SR of CR group were significantly higher than those of PR group.In summary,the patients who had a CR as evaluated by BM and had the maximal EWT of ≤ 1.20 cm and the volumes of residual lymph nodes of ≤ 1.00 cm3 on CT were defined as CR ; the patients who had a PR as evaluated by BM or had the maximal EWT of ＞ 1.20 cm or those who had a CR evaluated by BM and had the maximal EWT of ≤ 1.20 cm and the volumes of residual lymph nodes of ＞ 1.00 cm3 on CT were defined as PR.The cases evaluated by BM as no remission (NR) or showing metastasis were defined as NR or progressive disease.There were significant differences in LCR and SR between the CR group and PR group determined by the new criteria.Conclusions Simply using BM to evaluate the short-term radiotherapeutic effect on esophageal cancer has certain limitations; instead,the evaluation based on both BM and CT scans is more accurate.

Objective To compare the local control (LC), long-term overall survival (OS), and clinical adverse reactions in esophageal carcinoma patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy at different radiotherapy doses.Methods A total of 373 esophageal carcinoma patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in our hospital during 2004-2013 were included in this retrospective study.These patients were divided into<60 Gy group (n=99), 60 Gy group (n=155), and>60 Gy group (n=119) based on the dose of radiation.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate LC and OS rates;the log-rank test was used for survival comparison and univariate prognostic analysis;the Cox model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year sample sizes were 97,96,56, and 38 in the<60 Gy group, 146,141,72, and 17 in the 60 Gy group, and 118,115,56, and 20 in the>60 Gy group.The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year LC rates were 55.3%, 51.4%, 48.9%, and 48.9% in the<60 Gy group, 65.1%, 60.1%, 55.1%, and 55.1% in the 60 Gy group, and 49.4%, 45.1%, 37.7%, and 37.7%(8-year) in the>60 Gy group (P=0.020).The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year OS rates were 35.4%, 26.1%, 22.0%, and 22.0% in the<60 Gy group, 49.0%, 41.3%, 32.1%, and 28.9% in the 60 Gy group, and 31.1%, 25.2%, 14.5%, and 12.9%(8-year) in the>60 Gy group (P=0.000).The univariate analysis showed that for stage Ⅱ esophageal carcinoma patients with gross tumor volume (GTV) ≤44 cm3, the LC rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the<60 Gy group (P=0.040,0.035), and the OS rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the other two groups (P=0.001,0.003 and P=0.045,0.006).Similarly, for stage Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma patients with GTV>44 cm3, the LC rate was higher in the 60 Gy than in the>60 Gy group (P=0.011,0.015), and the OS rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the other two groups (P=0.045,0.006 and P=0.033,0.002).The incidence rates of acute radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonia were significantly higher in the>60 Gy group than in the other two group (P=0.007,0.033).Furthermore, the multivariate analysis indicated that radiotherapy dose, T stage, and N stage were independent prognostic factors for esophageal carcinoma (P=0.004,0.008,0.037).Conclusions Concurrent chemoradiotherapy at 60 Gy is most efficacious for patients with esophageal carcinoma, and the radiotherapy dose of>60 Gy significantly increases the incidence of adverse reactions.

Objective:To explore the effects of caffeine on the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:Use Ethanol as a solvent to extract the caffeine in tea and then injecting 5％ D-galactose saline solution 1ml/d/kg to establish aging model mice.Divide mice randomly into experimental group (high-dose/low-dosecaffeine),positive control group,negative control group,and normal con-trol group (NS) and injecting appropriate drugs for consecutive four weeks.Test superoxyde dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehvde (MDA) periodically.Take mice's hippocampus and use Western blotting to detect the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinasesl/2 (p-ERK1/2).Results:The expression of BDNF and p-ERK1/2,negative control group is less than low-dose experimental group and positive control group (P＜0.01);The p-ERK1/2 expression of injecting D-galactose mice was significantly lower than normal group,negative control group compared weth the normal group,the differencd was significant (P＜0.05).The level of SOD in model group was significantly lower than that in normal control group,high,low dose caffeine group and positive control group (P＜0.01),but the level of MDA is opposite.Conclusions:Caffeine can delay aging process by increasing the level of SOD in aging mice,and enhancing the expression of BDNF and P-ERK1/2.Caffeine does a lot to prevent AD.

Objective To investigate the effect of lung ischemic preconditioning (IP) on the expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) during lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in dogs.Methods Twelve adult mongrel dogs,weighing 15-20 kg,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =6 each):lung I/R (group I/R) and ischemic preconditioning group (group IP).The left pulmonary artery was occluded at 10 min of off-pump CPB and mechanical ventilation was stopped in the left lung,60 min later occlusion was released,and mechanical ventilation was recovered to establish the model of left lung ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by CPB.In group IP,lung ischemic preconditioning was induced by 2 cycles of 5 min ischemia followed by 5 min reperfusion before occlusion of the left pulmonary artery.Before CPB (T1),immediately after occlusion of the left pulmonary artery (T2),at the end of CPB (T3),and at 2 h after the end of CPB (T4),pulmonary specimens were collected for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) and expression of AQP1 and for examination of the pathological changes of lungs which were scored.Respiration index (RI),oxygenation index (OI),and alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (P(A-a)O2) were calculated at T1,T3 and T4,and the left pulmonary alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) was calculated at T4.Results Compared with group I/R,P(A-a) O2 and RI were significantly decreased,OI was increased,W/D ratio and pathological scores were decreased,the expression of AQP1 was up-regulated,and the AFC was increased at T3 and T4 in group IP.The pathological changes of the lung were significantly attenuated in group IP as compared with group I/R.Conclusion The mechanism by which lung ischemic preconditioning mitigates lung I/R injury induced by CPB is related to upregulation of the expression of AQP1 in dog lung tissues.