Objective To extract and separate crude gingerols and to determine the content of [6]-gingerol in crude gingerols.Methods Crude gingerols were separated from the ginger supercritical-CO2 extracts by silica gel dry column chromatography with solvent system of diethyl ether-n-hexane(7:3).The content of [6]-gingerol in crude gingerols was determined by HPLC.Results [6]-gingerol content in the prepared crude gingerols by silica gel dry column chromatography arrived 52.87 %(m/m).[6]-gingerol had a good linearity in the range of 0.512～ 3.075 ? g,r=0.999 9,and the average recovery was 99.19 %,RSD=1.58 % .Conclusion Silica gel dry column chromatography can be used to quickly,effectively prepare crude gingerols,in which [6]-gingerol content is high,and can supply enough material for further research.The liquid chromatographic analysis of [6]-gingerol is simple,reliable,reproducible and can be used for the quality control of crude gingerols.

OBJECTIVE To use ultrasound technique to rinse the medical apparatus and raise the rinsing quality of apparatus.METHODS Under the magnifier to examine the cleanliness of the apparatus.According to pyrogen test by standard Limulus lysate,to verify the ultrasound rinsing effect by pyrogen removing.RESULTS It was very clean when rinsing the apparatus and with no blind area to uneven parts and articular ones.Monitoring result of pyrogen was negative through rinsing the syringe by ultrasound.CONCLUSIONS The rinsing quality of apparatus is improved.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for leukoaraiosis. Methods 204 cases of inpatients were registered. The severity of leukoaraiosis was as the dependent variable, the possible risk factors were as independent variables, unconditional logistic regression was analyzed with SAS 9.2 software, significant level α=0.10. Results 5 factors, that were carotid stenosis, age, low density lipoprotein cholesterol,apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A, were included, in which the former 4 were risk factors (OR>1, P<0.05), the latter was protection factor (OR=0.715, P=0.0993). Conclusion The vascular risk factors contribute to formation of leukoaraiosis, and carotid stenosis relate to leukoaraiosis.

The projections from the nuclei of the brain stem to the cerebellar nuclei were studied with the horse-radish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde transport method. The following nuclei in the brain stem were labelled with HRP;the inferior olivary nucleus, the lateral reticular nucleus, the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, the pontine nuclei, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus, the mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve, the spinal vestibular nucleus, the medial vestibular nucleus, the nucleus reticularis medullae .oblongatae pars ventralis, the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis, the nucleus reticularis paramedianus, the raphe nucleus pontis, the raphe nucleus obscurus, the raphe nucleus magnus, the perihypoglossal nucleus, the locus caeruleus, the gracile nucleus, the cuneate nucleus, and the external cuneate nucleus.It was found that there are different patterns for the cerebellar nuclei to receive the afferent fibers from the brain stem. The number of the labelled nuclei of the brain stem projecting to the cerebellar lateral nucleus is similar to that projecting to the interpositate nucleus, while the number of the labelled brain stem nuclei projecting to the cerebellar fastigial nucleus is smaller than the above two. The topographic organization of the projections from the inferior olivary nucleus to the cerebellar nuclei was discussed.

Objective:To explore clinical therapeutic effect and safety of diltiazem treating coronary artery spasm. Methods:A total of 100 patients with coronary artery spasm were selected in our hospital.According to number ta-ble method,they were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group (n=50,received,lipid regulation and expanding coronory artery etc.)and diltiazem group (n=50,received diltiazem pumping based on routine treat-ment).Clinical and ECG therapeutic effect,changes of blood lipids,nitric oxide (NO)and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels before and after treatment and safety were compared between two groups.Results:(1 )Compared with rou-tine treatment group,there were significant increase in total effective rates of clinical effect (60.00% vs.94.00%) and ECG (62.00% vs.92.00%)in diltiazem group,P<0.01 both;(2)Compared with before treatment,there were significant improvements in all ECG indexes,heart rate and blood pressure in two groups after treatment,and those of diltiazem group were significantly better than those of routine treatment group (P<0.05 all);(3)Com-pared with before treatment and routine treatment group,there were significant improvements in blood lipid levels in diltiazem group after treatment (P<0.05 all);(4)Compared with before treatment and routine treatment group,there was significant rise in NO level [(95.17±19.99)μmol/L,(95.17±21.22)μmol/L vs.(106.71± 22.38)μmol/L]and significant reduction in ET-1 level [(64.09±16.29)ng/L,(59.98±14.28)ng/L vs.(44.91± 6.38)ng/L]in diltiazem group after treatment (P<0.05 all);(6)During treatment,there were no adverse reac-tion in both groups.Conclusion:Diltiazem based on routine medication possess significant therapeutic effect and high safety for treating coronary artery spasm,which is worth extension in clinic.

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Objective:To explore the subjective quality of life of pediatric patients.Methods:42 children with acute diseases, 38 with chronic diseases and 57 normal children were investigated with Children's Subjective Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: The subjective life satisfaction were similar in acute disease group (159.9?13.9) and in chronic group (160.0?16.9), which were lower than normal control (165.8?17.6). Multiple regression showed that girls, from urban area, late onset, longer duration, less activities out of class, lack of support from relatives, poor mental health of parents were risk factors. Conclusion: Children with acute or chronic diseases have poorer life quality than normal control.

Objective To explore the effect of low birth weight of children on their intelligence and their behavior. Methods Twenty children born with full term and low birth weight, 20 born with preterm and low birth weight, and 20 born with full term and normal birth weight were evaluated by intelligence and child behavior at six years of age. Results The average intelligence of all the 3 groups are in normal range, and the difference are not statistically significant, but the difference of child behavior check are statistically significant( P

3)between theventral divison of the middle part and the other parts of the locus coeruleus.Theneurons of the locus coeruleus were mainly medium-sized(59.25%),the smaller andlarger ones were observed in 33.75% and 7% respectively.

Objective To develop a HPLC-UV method for the determination of [6]-gingerol in the rat plasma.Methods [6]-Gingerol was extracted from the rat plasma by using liquid-liquid extraction,then was separated on a Hypersil  C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase was acetonitrile and water(45:55,v/v) with a flow-rate of 1.0 mL/min.The eluate from the HPLC column was monitored by the spectrophotometric detector at 280 nm.The injection volume was 20 ?L.[6]-Gingerol was identified based on its retention time compared with the reference standard.Results The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 0.25～5.0 ?g/mL.The low quantitative limit was 0.1 ?g /mL.The RSD of inter-day was