Objective To investigate the mechanism of anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody(secukinumab) regulating autophagy and inflammation in gout.Methods The peripheral venous blood samples from 57 patients with acute gout(AG),57patients with intermittent gout(IG) and 82 healthy volunteers were collected and measured for the mRNA transcription levels of autophagy-related genes(ATGs) ATG4B,ATG7, A TG16L1,Beclin-1 and LC3B by RT-qPCR.The model of AG inflammation was established by adding monosodium urate(MSU) crystals into the peripheral venous blood samples of healthy volunteers,and the transcription and protein expression of IL-1β were detected by RT-qPCR and ELISA at 0,1,2,4,6 and8 h and different concentrations(0,100,200 and 400 μmol/L) of secukinumab.The peripheral blood samples of healthy volunteers were divided into control(without MSU treatment),MSU(100 μg/mL),MSU+colchicine(100 μg/mL+30 μg/mL) and MSU+secukinumab(100 μg/mL+400 μmol/L) groups,which were detected for the mRNA transcription and protein expression of IL-1 β and ATGs by RT-qPCR and Western blot,and for the expression of IL-1β,IL-12 and IL-35 by ELISA.Results The mRNA expression levels of ATG4B, Beclin-1 and LC3B in AG,IG and healthy control groups were significantly different(F=3.896,11.78 and 3.856,respectively,each P <0.05),among which the mRNA levels in AG were lower than those in IG and HC groups(t=2.692,3.234,2.231 and 2.085,4.795,2.748,respectively,each P <0.05);the expression levels of ATG16L1 mRNA were significantly different in the three groups(F=7.949,P <0.001),and was significantly lower in AG group than HC group(t=3.860,P <0.001).In AG inflammation model,the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1 β reached their peak in 2—4 h,and the anti-inflammation effect of secukinumab was the strongest at the concentration of 400 μmol/L.Compared with MSU group,the mRNA levels of ATG16L1 and LC3B(t=2.343 and 2.916,respectively,each P <0.05) as well as the expression levels of ATG4B,ATG7,Beclin-1,ATG16L1 and LC3B-Ⅱ proteins(t=28.84,11.6,8.402,4.124 and 2.458,respectively,each P <0.05) in MSU+secukinumab group decreased significantly.The expression levels of IL-12 and IL-35 in the control,MSU,MSU+colchicine and MSU+secukinumab groups showed significant difference(F=7.009 and 6.518,respectively,each P <0.01).Compared with MSU group,the expression level of IL-12 significantly decreased(t=2.604,P <0.05)in MSU+secukinumab group,and the expression level of IL-35 also decreased,while with no significant difference(t=1.928,P> 0.05).Conclusion Secukinumab can regulate the mRNA and protein expression of ATGs,reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,and inhibit gout inflammation,which provides a reference for the treatment of gout.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody(secukinumab) regulating autophagy and inflammation in gout.Methods The peripheral venous blood samples from 57 patients with acute gout(AG),57patients with intermittent gout(IG) and 82 healthy volunteers were collected and measured for the mRNA transcription levels of autophagy-related genes(ATGs) ATG4B,ATG7, A TG16L1,Beclin-1 and LC3B by RT-qPCR.The model of AG inflammation was established by adding monosodium urate(MSU) crystals into the peripheral venous blood samples of healthy volunteers,and the transcription and protein expression of IL-1β were detected by RT-qPCR and ELISA at 0,1,2,4,6 and8 h and different concentrations(0,100,200 and 400 μmol/L) of secukinumab.The peripheral blood samples of healthy volunteers were divided into control(without MSU treatment),MSU(100 μg/mL),MSU+colchicine(100 μg/mL+30 μg/mL) and MSU+secukinumab(100 μg/mL+400 μmol/L) groups,which were detected for the mRNA transcription and protein expression of IL-1 β and ATGs by RT-qPCR and Western blot,and for the expression of IL-1β,IL-12 and IL-35 by ELISA.Results The mRNA expression levels of ATG4B, Beclin-1 and LC3B in AG,IG and healthy control groups were significantly different(F=3.896,11.78 and 3.856,respectively,each P <0.05),among which the mRNA levels in AG were lower than those in IG and HC groups(t=2.692,3.234,2.231 and 2.085,4.795,2.748,respectively,each P <0.05);the expression levels of ATG16L1 mRNA were significantly different in the three groups(F=7.949,P <0.001),and was significantly lower in AG group than HC group(t=3.860,P <0.001).In AG inflammation model,the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1 β reached their peak in 2—4 h,and the anti-inflammation effect of secukinumab was the strongest at the concentration of 400 μmol/L.Compared with MSU group,the mRNA levels of ATG16L1 and LC3B(t=2.343 and 2.916,respectively,each P <0.05) as well as the expression levels of ATG4B,ATG7,Beclin-1,ATG16L1 and LC3B-Ⅱ proteins(t=28.84,11.6,8.402,4.124 and 2.458,respectively,each P <0.05) in MSU+secukinumab group decreased significantly.The expression levels of IL-12 and IL-35 in the control,MSU,MSU+colchicine and MSU+secukinumab groups showed significant difference(F=7.009 and 6.518,respectively,each P <0.01).Compared with MSU group,the expression level of IL-12 significantly decreased(t=2.604,P <0.05)in MSU+secukinumab group,and the expression level of IL-35 also decreased,while with no significant difference(t=1.928,P> 0.05).Conclusion Secukinumab can regulate the mRNA and protein expression of ATGs,reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,and inhibit gout inflammation,which provides a reference for the treatment of gout.

Residues and analysis methods of phthalate esters plastificator in various plastics of vinyl chloride are presented,and the wide-use and high environment burden of these chemicals is indicated.The categories and toxicity of phthalate esters that might have the effects of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals are introduced.It is shown by the current studies that the effects of these chemicals on laboratory animals were focused on procreation toxicity such as spermaduct atrophy and ovulation clog,etc.It is suggested that more investigation of these chemicalspotential toxicity should be made and preventive measures should be taken promptly.

Objective:To observe and compare the wound healing effects,the time and costs of hospitalization of the two drainage ways in the breast polyacrylamide hydrogel removing operations by a prospective randomized controlled approach.Methods:From December 2004 to December 2009,a total of 54 breast-side of 40 patients,whose incision were not healing after breast polyacrylamide hydrogel removing operations,were divided into two groups.Both gorups'skin incision were on the areola or inframammary crease.In the case of removing the polyacrylamide hydrogel during the operation as much as possible,a new incision,approximately 1.5cm,was produced below the inframammary crease approximately 5cm,the negative drainage tube was inserted into the new incision in the A group(distal drainage way),While the negative drainage tube was inserted into the original incision in B group(In-situ drainage way).Results:The breast appearance was flat and thin,the texture was soft and there was no mass or sclerosis.There were significant differences between the two methods in primary healing,the time and costs of hospitalization.Conclusion:The clinical effect of the distal drainage way is better than the clinical effect of the In-situ drainage way,and it deserves to apply in clinical practice.

Referring to the literatures recent years about mechanisms and reasons of Vertebral Artery Morphological Caused Vertigo,this article illuminates the category of this kind of disease,and for these reasons to find out corresponding therapy by tuina,then proposes the insufficiency and the expectation in this special disease.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of volatile oil and saikosaponins in Radix Bupleuri collected in different harvesting seasons.METHODS:Volatile oil was extracted from Radix Bupleuri by using volatile oil extractor; the content of sai-kosaponins in Radix Bupleuri harvested in different seasons were determined by visible spectrophotometry taking saikosaponin a as index.RESULTS:The content of volatile oil was the highest in Radix Bupleuri harvested in July but the lowest in November;the content of saikosaponins was the highest when harvested in May and the lowest in September. CONCLUSION:The method is simple and rapid,and it provides scientific basis for the establishment of the best harvesting season of Radix Bupleuri.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sufentanil used for patient-controlled subcutaneous analgesia (PCSA) with different models after craniotomy.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ patients undergoing craniotomy were randomly divided into two groups with or without background infusion. Sufentanil 0.12 mg was used via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and no loading dose was administered. The PCA device was programmed background infusion of 1 ml/h, bolus dose of 0.5 ml in group of using continuance plus PCA model (group CP) and bolus dose of 0.75 ml without background infusion in group P. Hour limit of 3 ml/h, lockout time of 15 minutes were set in two groups. Postoperative pain was assessed at rest and when moving, using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 2 h, 20 h, 24 h, 44 h and 48 h after operation. Side-effects were also recorded systematically during the first 48 h after surgery.Results No significant differences were observed in patients' physical status, fentanyl consumption during operation and anaesthetic time. There were no significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups within 48 h after operation, but the incidence of complaining postoperative pain was significantly more in group P than that in group CP at 20 h and 24 h after surgery (P<0.05). The cumulative analgesic consumption of sufentanil in group CP and group P were 98.73±5.96 μg and 57.25±9.73 μg, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with group P, the mean arterial pressure in 20 h and 24 h were significantly lower in group CP (P<0.05). The sedation degree and the incidence of nausea, vomiting in two groups had no significant differences. No restrain of respiration occurred in two groups. The patients' satisfactory rate with PCA in group CP and group P were 90% and 80%, respectively.Conclusion PCSA with sufentanil and continuance plus PCA model is an effective and safe analgesic method after craniotomy.

Objective To investigate the effect of four integrated care model of physical,mental,social and spirit on the quality of life of patients with breast cancer.Methods 100 cases of postoperative breast cancer patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 50 cases in each.The control group received routine nursing care; the intervention group was given four integrated care model of physical,mental,social and spirit by specialized trained nurses,including systematic psychological counseling,rehabilitation knowledge of health education and behavior intervention on the patients themselves and their family members.Before intervention and 3 months after the intervention,the quality of life of patients after operation was surveyed by the FACT quality of life questionnaire.Results 3 months after the intervention the quality of life score of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Conclusions To strengthen postoperative patients of breast cancer with targeted and personalized four integrated care model of physical,mental,social and spirit,can significantly improve the quality of life of patients,help to improve their physical and mental health and alleviate psychological reaction of depression.

Objective To study the effect of nebulized inhalation of ipratropium bromide and ambroxol hydrochloride (mucosolvan) on pulmonary function in elderly patients who need thoracotomy.Methods From June 2011 to December 2011,a total of 60 elderly patients undergoing thoracotomy were randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group (n =30) and control group (n=30).The patients in treatment group were treated with ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg and mucosolvan 15 mg diluted in 5 ml saline for inhalation with an oxygen flow rate of 6 L/min,15 min,3 times/d,and the patients in control group were treated with ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg diluted in 5 ml saline for inhalation with an oxygen flow rate of 6 L/min,15 min,3 times/d.The resting lung function in patients was measured before nebulization treatment.After 3 days treatment,the resting lung function was measured again,and vital capacity (VC),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),FEV1 ％,maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were recorded.Results After 3 days treatment,the indicators of lung function including VC,FEV1,FEV1 ％,MVV were significantly increased in both groups (P＜0.01).The increase in VC,FEV1,FEV1 ％,MVV were significantly higher in the treatment group [(0.39±0.08)L,(0.20±0.10)L,(10.61±4.66)％,(10.24±5.07)L,respectively] than in control group [(0.31±0.05)L,(0.13±0.06)L,(7.40±3.89)％,(6.76±3.70)L,respectively] (t=4.81,3.64,4.13,3.48,all P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was lower in treatment group[16.7 ％ (5/30)] than in control group [30.0 ％ (9/30)] (x2=11.45,P＜0.05).Conclusions The nebulized inhalation of ipratropium bromide and ambroxol hydrochoride can improve the lung function in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery,better withstand the thoracotomy and decrease the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL),also known as lipocalin 2,has close relationship with human neoplasias,which is up-regulated in a number of malignancy and involves in the process of tumor development.But it appears to exist paradoxical effects attributed to NGAL in human neoplasias.For instance,through protecting MMP9 from autodegradation,NGAL has a clear pro-tumoral and pro-metastatic effect,as has already been observed in breast cancer and esophageal cancer.However,on the contrary,for pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer,NGAL can inhibit FAK phosphorylation and vascular epidermal growth factor synthesis,having an anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic effect.This review summarizes the current knowledge about the dual effects of NGAL in the process of tumor development,and attempts to explore the possible underlyins mechanism.