Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Infant ; Pediatrics ; Pharmacology, Clinical ; Pharmacovigilance ; Societies, Pharmaceutical

In recent studies,it has been demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of surfactant is poor for late protein infants.Besides,this kind of infants have not infection or other risk factors that may lead to respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Thus,it is speculated that the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants is different from preterm infants.New researches show that,as the key point of Lung fluid transport via Epithelium,α-ENaC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants through the inhibition of lung fluid clearance and activity of surfactant.This review highlights the most important mechanisms of Lung fluid absorption barrier in RDS of late preterm infants.

The research on the clinical characteristic and epidemiology in Henoch-Schonlein purpara of children indicates that genetic factors are closely connected with the disease and pathological process.In recent years,molecular biology studies show that C1 GALT1 gene,IL gene,vasomotor and endothelial function regulation genes,angiotensin-converting enzyme gene,angiotensinogen gene,MEFV gene and so on,which have aberrant IgAl giycosylation,are closely related with pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children.The paper reviews the progress of genetic mechanism associated with Henoch-Schonlein purpura in recent years.

[Objective] To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on learning and cerebral heme oxygenase (HO) activity in rats with vascular dementia (VD). [Methods] Sixty rats were randomly allocated to mimic group (Group A), EA group (Group B), nimotone group (Group C) and model group (Group D) . Rat models of VD were established by 4 - vessel occulusion (4 - VO) method. Ten days after modeling, Group B was trested with EA on Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14), one time per day; Group C with nimotone, 20ml/kg body weight, ig, qd. The treatment course lasted 15 days. And then the learning was estimated with Morris water maze and HO activity in cortex and hippocampus (HC) of rats was also measured. [Results] Mean escape latency within 6 days in EA group was shorter than that in model group ( P 0.05). In EA group, the swimming times in the original platform quadrant were more than that in the right, left or opposite quadrant and also more than that in the original platform quadrant in the model group (P

As one of the chronic diseases,asthma,plays a serious impact on human daily life.Asthma in children has showed an increasing trend in recent years,but the mechanisms of asthma are not yet clear.Studies have found that store-operated calcium entry(SOCE) plays an important role in the physiological activity of the body.The enhanced SOCE activity can promote cell growth,proliferation,and migration of a variety of cell types.SOCE important molecules STIM1 and ORAI1 may be involved in the asthmatic airway occurrence of hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling,and closely to the asthmatic development.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV),a DNA herpusvirusesw,is the most common virus leading to intrauterine infetcion.It is transmitted from mother to fetus through placenta,and the neonates who suffering from congenital symptomatic infections may have sensorineural hearing loss,hepatosplenomegaly,microcephaly,chorioretinitis etc.Studies have suggested that the characters of infections on pregnant women,such as the time of infection,the serological results and virus load in amniotic fluid are associated with the outcome of offsprings.This paper is to review the risk of CMV infections on women at childbearing age,screening of CMV infections on pregnant women and the prenatal diagonosis of fetal CMV infection.

Minimal residual disease(MRD)iS the origin of relapse in leukemia.So it's significant to quantitate MRD in clinical.At present, there are three MRD quantitative assays, such as flow cytometric detection of abnormal immuno-phenotype,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification of antigenreceptor genes and fusion transcripts.Because every measure has its own principle and feature.the clinical applications are different.Selecting suitable assays based on the characteristic of patients can help to quantitate MRD exactly.

Vitamin D,an immune regulator,plays an important role in innate immune function of antibacterial peptide.Vitamin D takes part in the innate immune function via toll-like receptor in response to pathogen,then release antibacterial peptide.This study describes the antibacterial peptide constitution and the functions,effection of activeted Vitamin D in innate immune function of antibacterial peptide.

Child ; Environmental Pollution ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; Lead Poisoning ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Sanitation

Decorin( DCN) is one of the leucine-rich proteoglycan family of small molecules.It is recog-nized as a tumor suppressor gene.DCN can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by binding and inactiva-tion of transforming growth factor beta( TGF-β) and inhibiting the expression of vascular endothelial growth fac-tor or by activating the signaling pathway that promotes cell proliferation by EGFR/MAPK/p21.it plays an impor-tant effect on tumor development,angiogenesis and metastasis.DCN is expressed in various malignant tumors,By up or down regulation,DCN can exert its anti tumor activity,as well as reducing or delaying the occurrence and development of many kinds of malignant tumor.DCN gene may be a potential target for the treatment of many kinds of malignant tumors.