The fluid status variate sharply in patients after operation. Appropriate fluid therapy is essential to reduce perioperative complications, shorten hospitalization days and improve prognosis of postoperative patients. In this article, we reviewed the relevant issues about fluid therapy strategy for postoperative patients such as the variation of body fluid in patients after operation, the assessment of fluid status, the establishment of the goal of fluid therapy and the selection of strategy or fluid for fluid therapy in patients after operation.

The incidence of upper limb dysfunction of stroke patients was high, and the recovery was difficult, which seriously impact-ed their activities of daily living and quality of life. This article reviewed the new techniques and methods for hemiplegic patients after stroke. The main techniques and methods includeed bilateral isokine-matic training, mirror neuron system, gymnastics rods training, music therapy, motor imagery, upper limb rehabilitation robot, virtual reality, constraint induced movement therapy, functional electrostimulation, electromyographic biofeedback therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, neurophyisological therapy and so on.

This report presents 3 cases of Castleman's disease in the head and neck.The clinical symptom,pathlogical and imaging features of the Castleman's disease are introduced.

Transdermal drug delivery is an administration route which can avoid the first-pass effect,maintain steady plasma concentrations and enhance bioavailability. Drug transporting through the skin by passage through the stratum corneum leads to the viable epidermis and the dermis.With the development of the computer technology,many mathematical models for predic-ting the absorption of drugs have been built according to physical and chemical properties of drugs and physiological characteristics of each skin layer.This article presented provides a summary of the progress of mathematical models for predicting percutaneous absorption of drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of ATP-binding cassette protein E 1 (ABCE1) gene silencing by electroporation on the survival,cell cycle and invasion of human glioma cells line U87MG.Methods The siRNA against ABCE1 was constructed and transfected into U87MG cells by electroporation.The expression of ABCE1 was detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot.Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.The effects of ABCE1 gene silencing by electroporation on proliferation,migration and invasion of U87MG cell line were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay,wound closure assay,chemotactic migration,and cell invasive experiments,respectively.Results Compared to the control and blank groups,the mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in the experimental group when ABCE1 gene silencing by electroporation.The cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 phase,and cell number in S phase was decreased in U87MG cell line (P ＜ 0.05).The cell growth inhibition ratio in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control and blank groups (P ＜0.01).Compared to the control and blank groups,the experimental group U87MG cell proliferation was inhibited significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Scratch healing experiments showed the experimental group migration ability was decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Transwell chamber method showed the experimental group U87MG cell invasion ability was decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ABCE1 is involved in the progression of human glioma cells,and inhibiting the expression of ABCE1 by electroporation can decrease migration,invasion,and proliferation ability of tumor cells in vitro.

Objective To assess the predictive value of cerebral arteriosclerosis to acute cerebral infarction evaluated by transcranial doppler ultrasound .Methods 170 cases suspected cerebral arteriosclerosis consecutively enrolled were given transcranial doppler ultrasound and were followed up for 6 months,then we assessed the correla-tion between the levels of cerebral arteriosclerosis and acute cerebral infarction within 6 months.Results By Spearman rank correlation analysis ,there was positive correlation between the severity of cerebral arteriosclerosis de-tected by transcranial doppler ultrasound and acute cerebral infarction within 6 months,the correlation coefficient was 0.575(P<0.05).Conclusion Through the detection of transcranial doppler ultrasound ,the higher levels of cere-bral arteriosclerosis,the greater probability of acute cerebral infarction within 6 months.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between changes of the concentration of IL -12,IL-4,IFN-γwithin cervical local immune microenvironment and cervix infected with HPV 16,58,to understand the prevalence of physical status of HPV 16/58 DNA into the host genome in cervical lesions of different grades and to detect the relation between the integrated state of virus and the progress of cervical lesions.Methods: Detecting 89 cases of cervicovaginal lavage fluid and 140 cytological specimens of the cervix which from patients having had HPV-DNA genotyping assays and coming from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from 2012.8 to 2013.5.89 cases of cervicovaginal lavage fluid were divided into 58 cases of HPV16 (+) and 31 cases of HPV58(+).Cytokines IL-12, IL-4, IFN-γin the cervical microenvironment were detected by ELISA assay.140 cases of cervical exfoliated cells were divided into 106 cases of HPV16(+) and 34 cases of HPV58(+).Using qRT-PCR to quantify the copy number of E2 and E6 genes and analyze the physical status of HPV 16/58 DNA according to E2/E6.Results:①The level of IL-4 in HPV16(+) was significantly higher than that in HPV58(+)(P<0.05).The levels of IL-12 and IFN-γwere lower than that in HPV58(+)(P<0.05).②Significant differences of DNA state were found between the groups of HPV 16(+) and HPV58(+)(P<0.05)and the rate of HPV16 DNA integration was significantly larger than that of HPV 58 DNA.Conclusion:The infection of HPV16 and HPV58 not only can lead to reduction of IL-12,IFN-γand increasing of IL-4 in cervical local immune microenvironment but also lead to viral integration in cervical cells,resulting in cervical lesions and cervical cancer through the internal and external changes in cervical cells .HPV16 is more likely to cause cervical cancer tissue than 58.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can be used to repair neurons, but have no ideal outcomes on nervous system injuries. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation combined with propofol on the hind limb function and electrophysiological changes of rats with spinal cord injury. METHODS:Eighty adult Wistar rats were selected to make animal models of spinal cord injury, and then randomized into four groups (n=20): bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group, control group, combination group, propofol group. At 6 hours after modeling, rats in these four groups were injectedvia the tail vein with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension, cel culture medium, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension+propofol solution, and propofol solution using a 1 mL syringe, respectively. Rat motor function was assessed by Basso Beattie Bresnahan score, modified Tarlov score and inclined plane test before and at 1 day, 3 days, 1-4 weeks after modeling. Under fluorescence microscope, the survival and distribution of PKH-26-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were observed at 4 weeks after modeling, and meanwhile, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for pathological observation. Horseradish peroxidase tracer analysis was performed to analyze regeneration of nerve fibers, and motor and somatosensory evoked potentials were used to analyze the neurophysiological recovery of rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The motor function of the rat hind limb recovered best in the combination group, better in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and propofol group, but worse in the control group. (2) There were a smal amount of nerve axon-like structures and smal syringomyelia in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and propofol group, but the combination group had more axon-like structures and no syringomyelia. In the control group, no axons but spinal cord defects and syringomyelia formed. (3) The amount of horseradish peroxidase-positive nerve fibers and the number of PKH-26 positive cels were ranked as folows: control group < propofol group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group < combination group. There were significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05). (4) The latencies of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials were ranked as folows: control group> propofol group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group > combination group, and there were significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05). (5) Amplitudes of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials were arranged as folows: control group < propofol group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group < combination group, and the differences were statisticaly significant (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that both propofol and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can promote synaptic regeneration and improve the electrophysiological function and motor function of rats with spinal cord injury. Their combination has a better role than propofol and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels used alone.

Objective:To evaluate color doppler ultrasound diagnosis value of cesarean scar pregnancy.Methods: Using color doppler ultrasound probe belly and vaginal probe, faceted searches in patients with suspected scar pregnancy, observe suspicious gestational sac or clutter echo of the location, size, shape, and presence of complications, and radiography, video records, follow-up.Results: The abdominal and vaginal color to exceed cesarean scar pregnancy can make a definite diagnosis.Conclusion: Color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in cesarean scar pregnancy has a characteristic ultrasonographic performance, ultrasound can accurately make a clear diagnosis. It is the first choice for clinical diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have verified that propofol could effectively reduce secondary nerve injury by improving microenvironment of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of propofol on spinal cord edema and electrophysiology of the hind limb in rats with spinal cord injury. METHODS: Rat models of acute spinal cord injury were established by using the modified Alen method. A total of 40 rat models were randomly divided into spinal cord injury group and propofol group (n=20). Rats in the propofol group were injected with propofol through the caudal vein. The spinal cords of an additional 20 rats were exposed in the sham surgery group. Motor function was evaluated using BBB score and inclined plate test before modeling, 1, 3 days, 1-4 weeks after modeling. Neuronal apoptosis was detected after spinal cord injury using TUNEL assay at 72 hours after modeling. AQP4/9, matrix metaloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expressions were measured using RT-PCR and western blot assay. At 4 weeks after modeling, pathological changes of the spinal cord were observed using immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Neurophysiological recovery was analyzed using motor evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 1-4 weeks after modeling, BBB score and inclined plate test score were higher in the propofol group than in the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.05), but lower than in the sham surgery group (P < 0.05). (2) The number of apoptotic cels was significantly more in the spinal cord injury group than in the propofol group (P < 0.05). No apoptotic cels were found in the sham surgery group. (3) At 72 hours after spinal cord injury, AQP4/9 and matrix metaloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expression was higher in the propofol group than in the sham surgery group (P < 0.05). AQP4/9 and matrix metaloproteinases 9/2 mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in the propofol group (P < 0.05). (4) At 4 weeks after modeling, the spinal cord was loose, and the cavity was smal. Partial neuronal necrosis could be seen. The degree of nerve fiber density in the propofol group was between the sham surgery group and spinal cord injury group. (5) Motor evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials were obviously recovered, the latency was short, amplitude was increased in the propofol group, which showed significant differences as compared with the sham surgery group and the spinal cord injury group (P< 0.05). Results suggested that propofol can reduce apoptosis in rat neurons after spinal cord injury, reduce spinal cord edema-related gene expression, and improve electrophysiological function and limb motor function.