Aim To investigate the effects of com-bined treatment of SAHA and TRAIL on human breast cancer ER positive cell line MCF-7 . Methods MCF-7 cells were treated with SAHA and/or TRAIL. The inhibitory rates were detected by real-time cell prolifer-ation assays. Morphology changes of MCF-7 cells were observed through time-lapse live cell imaging acquisi-tion. Results Real-time cell proliferation assays showed that the anti-tumor efficacy of SAHA was sig-nificantly enhanced in combination with TRAIL. The results of time-lapse live cell imaging acquisition dem-onstrated that, with treatment of SAHA and TRAIL, the growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells was more obvious than that of in TRAIL or SAHA treatment alone. Con-clusion The combination treatment of SAHA and TRAIL has a synergistic effect of growth inhibition on breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Objective To analyze the effects of gentongping pill combined with physiotherapy on the patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. Methods 134 patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were grouped into two groups, the observation group and the control group. The two groups were treated with physiotherapy and the observation group was treated with Gentongping pill. The effects in the two groups were evaluated. Results The total efficiency in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the symptom score, CASCS score, mean blood flow velocity in left vertebral artery and right vertebral artery, TNF-α and IL-6 level in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse reaction in the two groups. Conclusion Itcan improve the therapeutic effect which Gentongping pill is used on the treatment of patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis.

The medical equipment benefit evaluation analysis has become an important constituent of cost and medical equipment management. It can not only use the economic benefit index to estimate the service condition of equipment, but also form the comprehensive evaluation system with basic of economic benefit evaluation and auxiliary of science study. Based on comprehensive evaluation result, to search the weakness of equipment utilization and promote the overall development of hospitals and clinics orderly.

Based on the imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG) and blind source separation (BSS) theory the author put forward a method for non-contact heartbeat frequency estimation. Using the recorded video images of the human face in the ambient light with Webcam, we detected the human face through software, separated the detected facial image into three channels RGB components. And then preprocesses i.e. normalization, whitening, etc. were carried out to a certain number of RGB data. After the independent component analysis (ICA)'theory and joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices (JADE) algorithm were applied, we estimated the frequency of heart rate through spectrum analysis. Taking advantage of the consistency of Bland-Altman theory analysis and the commercial Pulse Oximetry Sensor test results, the root mean square error of the algorithm result was calculated as 2. 06 beat/min. It indicated that the algorithm could realize the non-contact measurement of heart rate and lay the foundation for the re- mote and non-contact measurement of multi-parameter physiological measurements.
Algorithms ; Face ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Oximetry ; Photoplethysmography ; Software ; Video Recording

The multilateral trading system embodied in the World Trade Organization has contributed significantly to economic growth, development and employment throughout the past fifty years. We are determined, particularly in the light of the global economic slowdown, to maintain the process of reform and liberalization of trade policies, thus ensuring that the system plays its full part in promoting recovery, growth, and development. The negotiations on trade in services shall be conducted with a view to promoting the economic growth of all trading partners and the development of developing and least-developed countries. The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is among the World Trade Organization's most important agreements. The accord, which came into force in January 1995, is the first and only set of multilateral rules covering international trade in services. Ig has been negotiated by the Governments themselves, and it sets the framework within which firms and individuals can operate. The GATS has two part: the framework agreement containing the general rules and disciplines ; and the notional "schedules" which list individual countries' specific commitments on access to their domestic markets by foreign suppliers. Each WTO Member lists in its national schedule those services for which it wishes to guarantee access to foreign suppliers. All commitments apply on a non-discriminatory basis to all other Members. There is complete freedom to choose which services to commit. In addition to the services committed, the schedules limit the degree to which foreign services providers can operate in the market. For example, a country making a commitment to allow foreign banks to operate in its territory may limit the number of banking licenses to be granted (a market access limitation). It might also fix a limit on the number of branches a foreign bank may open (a national treatment limitation). The GATS covers all internationally-traded services with two exception : services provided to the public in the exercise of governmental authority, and , in the air transport sector, traffic rights and all services directly related to the exercise of traffic rights and all services directly related to the exercise of traffic rights. The GATS also defines four ways in which a service can be traded, known as "modes of supply" Services supplied from one country to another (e.g international telephone calls), officially known as "cross-border supply"; Consumers from one country making use of a service in another country(e.g tourism), officially known as "consumption abroad"; A company from ton country setting up subsidiaries or branches to provide services in another country (e.g a bank from one country setting up operations in another country), officially known as "commercial presence" ; and Individuals travelling from their own country to supply services in another (e.g an actress or construction worker), officially known as "movement of natural persons". Trade liberalization, and even economic growth, are not the ends in themselves. The ultimate aim of Government is to promote human welfare in the broadest sense, and trade policy is only one of many instruments Governments use in pursuing this goal. But trade policy is nevertheless very important, both in promoting growth and in preventing conflict. The building of the multilateral trading system over teh past 50 years has been one of the most remarkable achievements of international cooperation in history. The system is certainly imperfect, which is one of the reasons why periodic negotiations are necessary, but the world would be a far poorer and more dangerous place without it. In January 2000, WTO Member Governments started a new round of negotiations to promote the progressive liberalization of trade in services. The GATS agreement specifically states that the negotiations "shall take place with a view to promoting the interests of all participants on a mutually advantageous basis" and "with due respect for national policy objectives and the level of development of individual Members". The pace and extent of these negotiations are set by the WTO's 140 Member Goverments themselves according to their different national policy priorities. Recently, however, the negotiations and the GATS itself have become the subject of ill-informed and hostile criticism. Scare stories are invented and unquestioningly repeated, however implausible. It is claimed for example that the right to maintain public services and the power to enforce health and safty standards are under threat, though both are explicitly safeguarded under the GATS. How have serious people come to believe what is, on the face of it, out of the question? Why should any Government, let alone 140 Governments, agrees to allow themselves to be forced, or force each toher, to surrender of compromise powers which are important to them, and to all of us? Decision-making in open societies presupposes informed public discussion. It must be based on fact rather than fiction. The purpose of this booklet is to contribute to this discussion and to a greater public understanding of the GATS by correcting statements made in some recent publication which we believe are misleading the public and undermining support for international economic cooperation. It must not be assumed that becuase we have disputed some allegations we accept that others are well-founded: these are merely examples.
Appointments and Schedules ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Economic Development ; Employment ; Financing, Organized ; Freedom ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Licensure ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Negotiating* ; Pamphlets ; Publications ; Telephone

MicroRNAs are a kind of small endogenous non-protein-coding single-stranded RNA,which are 18 to 25 nucleotides long.They either regulate expression of specific genes through the degradation of mRNA or repress expression of target protein of mRNA postoperation by binding with the 3' untranslated region of targeting mRNAs.It produces important physiological effects on cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.The use of experimental biology and bioinformatics methods for research of tumor-associated miRNAs has become research focus.In this paper, the role of miRNAs in the oncogenesis, development, metastasis and prognosis of gallbladder cancer is mainly introduced.

Objective Mounting interest emerged about hyper homocystinemia as an independent risk factor for atherothrombotic disease, and several experimental studies have shown that it may affect in-stent restenosis. The purpose of the present study was to identify the relationship between the serum homocystine level and in-stent restenosis of patients with stable angina after coronary stenting. Methods The study population comprised 168 stable angina patients who underwent stent implantation with drug-eluting stents,including 96 patients without in-stent restenosis ( the control group) and 72 patients with in-stent restenosis(the restenosis group). The level of serum homocystine was measured using the medical inspection center. Coronary angiography was performed immediately before and after stent implantation and 12-18 months later. Resu1ts Baseline characteristics including drug used after PCI were similar between the 2 groups. Serum homocystinelevel in patients of the control group were significantly lower than that in restenosis group [ ( 11. 68 ± 3. 54 )μmol/L vs. ( 18. 54 ± 4. 39 )μmol/L, P = 0. 012 ] . The quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) showed that lesion length was similar between the 2 groups, minimumlumen diameter (MLD) and stenosis rate were also similar before and after stents implantation (all P﹥0. 05). Restenosis rate [(33. 24 ± 12. 52)% vs. (84. 23 ± 13. 26)%,P=0. 000] and late lumen less [(0. 36 ± 0. 21)mm vs. (1. 82 ± 0. 68)mm,P=0. 000] were lower in the control group than in the restenosis group. Conc1usions Higher serum homocystine level might be associated with in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of salvianolic acid A (SAA) on permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats and its possible mechanisms. Methods Fifty-four adult male Sprague-Daw ley rats w ere randomly divided into a sham operation group, a cerebral ischemia group, and a SAA group ( n =18 in each group). A model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion w as induced by the intraluminal suture method.At 0 h and 6 h after modeling, the rats of the SAA groups w ere intraperitonealy injected SAA (3 mg/kg). The other groups w ere injected equal volume of saline. At 24 h after modeling, the neurological deficit scores w ere performed. 2,3,5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining w as used to detect cerebral infarction volume. TUNEL staining w as used to detect cel apoptosis. Both immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting w ere used to detect the expressions of Wnt3a, β-catenin, and phosphor-glycogen synthase-kinase-3β(p-GSK-3β) in the ischemic cortex. Results The neurological deficit scores show ed that no neurological deficits w ere observed in the sham operation group (score 0). The neurological deficit score in the SAA group (median and interquartile range) w as significantly low er than that in the cerebral ischemia group (3 [2-3] vs.4 [3-5]; Z = -2.679, P =0.007). No infarcts w ere observed in the sham operation group. The infarct volume in the SAA group w as reduced significantly compared w ith the cerebral ischemia group (79.038 ±10.665 mm 3 vs.212.702 ±8.029 mm 3; t = 24.525, P < 0.001). Very few positive cels w ere observed in the sham operation group. The numbers of TUNEL -positive cels in the SAA group and the cerebral ischemia group w ere 29.667 ±1.366/HP and 63.333 ±0.894/HP, respectively. The former w as significantly less than the latter ( t = 14.115, P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical staining show ed that the number of Wnt3a positive cels in the sham operation group, the cerebral ischemia group, and the SAA group w ere 35.500 ±2.572/HP, 18.056 ±3.765/HP, and 29.000 ±2.376/HP, respectively. There w ere significant differences among the 3 groups ( F = 115.972, P < 0.001), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly more than the cerebral ischemia group ( P < 0.01). The numbers of p-GSK-3βpositive cels in the sham operation group, the model group, and the SAA group w ere 7.944 ±2.127/HP, 37.444 ±3.434/HP, and 11.222 ±1.734/HP, respectively. There w ere significant differences among the three groups (F =730.580, P < 0.001), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly less than the cerebral ischemia group ( P < 0.01). The numbers of β-catenin positive cels in the sham operation group, the cerebral ischemia group, and the SAA group w ere 26.722 ±26.722/HP, 16.556 ±1.854/HP, and 21.333 ± 1.940/HP, respectively. There w ere also significant differences among the 3 groups ( F < 33.385, P <0.01), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly more than the cerebral ischemia group ( P < 0.01). Western blot analysis show ed that Wnt3a expression levels in the sham operated group, the cerebral ischemia group, and the SAA group w ere 1.000 ±0.190, 0.800 ±0.185, and 1.198 ±0.262, respectively. There w ere significant differences among 3 groups ( F = 9.621, P < 0.001), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly higher than the cerebral ischemia group ( P < 0.01). The p-GSK-3βexpression levels in the sham operation group, the cerebral ischemia group, and the SAA group w ere 0.650 ±0.150, 1.290 ± 0.250, and 1.190 ±0.250, respectively. There w ere also significant differences among the 3 groups ( F =19.668, P < 0.001), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly higher than the cerebral ischemia group (P <0.01). The β-catenin expression levels in the sham operation group, the cerebral ischemia group, and the SAA group w ere 1.200 ±0.210, 0.500 ±0.120, and 1.100 ±0.220, respectively. There w ere significant differences among the 3 groups ( F = 33.385, P < 0.001), and those in the SAA group w ere significantly higher than the cerebral ischemia group ( P < 0.01). Conclusions SAA has certain protective effect on permanent cerebral ischemia injury in rats. Its mechanism may be associated w ith the up -regulation of the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin and the dow n-regulation of the expression of p-GSK-3β.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of naoluotong on dogs' cerebral blood flow. METHODS:The anaesthetized dogs were randomly divided into naoluotong (which was subdivided into high, medium and low dose subgroups) group, antigeron positive control group, naoxuekang group, and blank control group with 6 dogs in each group. The internal carotid artery flow (ICAF), blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rates of the dogs were determined at different time after administration with drugs. RESULTS:As compared with the blank control group, the high and medium dose of naoluotong could significantly increase dogs' cerebral blood flow and reduce cerebral vascular resistance yet without significant influence on arterial blood pressure, heart rates and ECG. CONCLUSION: Naoluotong can improve cerebral blood circulation.

Objective: To explore the effects of puerarin on insulin resistance (IR) and abormal lipid and fibrinolytic activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Eighty patients with type 2 DM were divided randomly into two groups: 40 cases in the puerarin group and 40 cases in the routine treatment group. The conventional treatment of the two groups were the same. Additionally, patients in the puerarin group were given puerarin 500 mg in 250 ml of normal saline for intravenous dripping, once a day with a therapeutic course of 3 weeks. The changes of fast blood glucose (FBG), lipid, insulin and plasminogen activator inhibitorCD*21 (PAICD*21) activity were measured before and after treatment,and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Forty healthy subjects were taken as controls. Results: ①After 3 weeks of treatment , compared with the control group, in type 2 DM patients, FBG, fast insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLCD*2C) levels and PAICD*21 activity were higher, ISI and HDLCD*2C were lower than those of the healthy controls. FINS and ISI were well correlated with lipid and fibrinolytic abnormality. ②After puerarin treatment, FINS, TC, TG, LDLCD*2C level , and PAICD*21 activity decreased and ISI, HDLCD*2C increased significantly (all P